椰蓉及其膳食纤维的理化性质和功能活性分析
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摘要
以椰蓉为原料,分别制备了脱脂椰蓉、椰蓉总膳食纤维(TDF)和不溶性膳食纤维(IDF),并对其理化性质和功能活性进行了测定。结果表明:脱脂椰蓉的理化性质要优于TDF和IDF,其SWC、OHC和WHC分别为6.28mL/g、8.73g/g和10.24g/g;脱脂椰蓉和TDF的阳离子交换能力(CEC)相当,分别为0.47、0.44 mmol/g,且显著高于IDF(0.07 mmol/g)(p<0.05);在模拟胃环境中(p H2.0),脱脂椰蓉对亚硝酸根的吸附作用最好(0.99 mg/g);而在模拟肠环境中(p H7.0),则以IDF吸附亚硝酸根的能力最强(1.01 mg/g);另外,脱脂椰蓉及TDF和IDF的甲醇提取液还具有一定的抗氧化活性,其对羟自由基的清除率分别达到了18.93%、97.03%和96.11%。研究结果可为椰蓉的精深加工利用提供参考。
Total dietary fiber(TDF) and insoluble dietary fiber(IDF) were extracted and prepared from the raw material of defatted shredded coconut stuffing. And their physicochemical and functional properties were measured as well. Results showed that the physicochemical and functional properties of defatted shredded coconut stuffing were better than that of TDF and IDF, and its SWC, OHC and WHC were 6.28 mL/g, 8.73 g/g and 10.24 g/g respectively. The cation exchange capacity(CEC) of defatted shredded coconut stuffing(0.47 mmol/g) and TDF(0.44 mmol/g) was similar, which was significantly higher than that of IDF(0.07 mmol/g)(p<0.05). As for the ability to absorb nitrite, defatted shredded coconut stuffing(0.99 mg/g) and IDF(1.01 mg/g) had the largest ability in the simulated gastric environment(pH2.0) and intestinal environment(pH7.0), respectively. In addition, the methanol extraction of defatted shredded coconut stuffing, TDF and IDF also had certain antioxidant properties, and its scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical reached 18.93%, 97.03% and 96.11% respectively. These results can provide reference for the deep processing and utilization of shredded coconut stuffing.
Total dietary fiber(TDF) and insoluble dietary fiber(IDF) were extracted and prepared from the raw material of defatted shredded coconut stuffing. And their physicochemical and functional properties were measured as well. Results showed that the physicochemical and functional properties of defatted shredded coconut stuffing were better than that of TDF and IDF, and its SWC, OHC and WHC were 6.28 mL/g, 8.73 g/g and 10.24 g/g respectively. The cation exchange capacity(CEC) of defatted shredded coconut stuffing(0.47 mmol/g) and TDF(0.44 mmol/g) was similar, which was significantly higher than that of IDF(0.07 mmol/g)(p<0.05). As for the ability to absorb nitrite, defatted shredded coconut stuffing(0.99 mg/g) and IDF(1.01 mg/g) had the largest ability in the simulated gastric environment(pH2.0) and intestinal environment(pH7.0), respectively. In addition, the methanol extraction of defatted shredded coconut stuffing, TDF and IDF also had certain antioxidant properties, and its scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical reached 18.93%, 97.03% and 96.11% respectively. These results can provide reference for the deep processing and utilization of shredded coconut stuffing.
引文
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[4]宋彦博,张玉锋,赵松林,等.椰蓉膳食纤维的提取工艺优化[J].食品工业,2016,37(11):132﹣135.
[5]令博.葡萄皮渣膳食纤维的改性及其生理功能和应用研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2012.
[6]曹小红,雷静,鲁梅芳,等.赤豆皮水不溶性膳食纤维吸附NO2-、胆酸钠的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2009,30(04):42﹣45.
[7]Wu P,Ma G,Li N,et al.Investigation of in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of flavonoids rich extract from the berries of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa(Ait)Hassk[J].Food Chemistry,2015,173:194﹣202.
[8]赵成萍,张晓娟,王晓闻,等.红姑娘宿尊中可溶性膳食纤维的提取工艺[J].贵州农业科学,2012,40(04):179﹣181.
[9]郑建仙,耿立萍,高孔荣.利用蔗渣制备高活性膳食纤维添加剂的研究[J].食品与发酵工业,1996,(03):58﹣61,28.
[10]朱妞,吴丽萍.花生壳膳食纤维理化特性研究[J].粮食与脂,2014,27(02):38﹣41.
[11]张玉锋,孙丽平,庄永亮,等.火龙果皮中膳食纤维含量及其物理化学特性[J].食品科学,2012,33(19):164﹣167.
[12]卢忠英,鲁道旺,陈仕学,等.响应面优化西兰花中水不溶膳食纤维的提取工艺[J].食品工业,2016,37(06):23﹣27.
[13]杜晓静,白新鹏,姜泽放,等.脱脂椰蓉可溶性膳食纤维制备工艺及单糖组成和理化特性的研究[J].食品科学,2019,(2):245﹣257.
[14]李华鑫.柠檬膳食纤维的制备及其性质的研究[D].成都:西华大学,2012.
[15]Wang L,Xu H,Yuan F,et al.Physicochemical charac﹣terization of five types of citrus dietary fibers[J].Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology,2015,4(2):250﹣258.
[16]Ma M M,Mu T H.Effects of extraction methods and particle size distribution on the structural,physico﹣chemical,and functional properties of dietary fiber from deoiled cumin[J].Food Chemistry,2016,194:237﹣246.
[17]Sheih I C,Wu T K,Fang T J.Antioxidant properties of a new antioxidative peptide from algae protein waste hydrolysate in different oxidation systems[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100:3419﹣3425.
[18]Zhang YF,Duan X,Zhuang YL.Purification and characterization of novel antioxidant peptides from enzymatic hydrolysates of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)skin gelatin[J].Peptides,2012,38:13﹣21.