不同温度下赤霉素与硫脲对马铃薯原原种休眠及芽形态的影响
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摘要
【目的】探讨不同温度处理下赤霉素(GA3)与硫脲对马铃薯原原种休眠及芽形态的影响。【方法】以费乌瑞它与川芋117的原原种为试验材料,采用三因素裂区试验设计。【结果】结果表明:马铃薯原原种的休眠期与休眠幅度在4℃(7 d)→25℃处理下最长,在25℃与室温处理下差异不显著。浓度为1.0%与1.5%的硫脲在降低原原种腐烂率方面具有显著效果;川芋117芽的生长速度快于费乌瑞它,相较CK,GA3与硫脲均能使芽生长加速,其中10 mg/L GA3处理下的芽最长;顶芽直径只受温度影响,费乌瑞它均表现为25℃芽最粗。【结论】贮藏温度、化学试剂和温度对原原种的休眠期、休眠幅度、芽形态具有显著影响,且存在互作效应。实际应用中,应针对品种特性进行特定温度下的不同化学处理更有意义。
【Objective】The article aims to explore the effects of Gibberellin( GA3) and Thiourea on dormancy and bud morphogenesis of prebasic potato under different temperatures. 【Method】Pre-basic seed of cultivars Favorita and Chuanyu 117 were used as experimental materials which was designed as there factors split experiment design.【Result】Compared to 25 ℃ and room temperature treatments,the dormancy period was longer under 4 ℃( 7 d) →25 ℃ treatment. The dormancy period was not significant different between 25 ℃ and room temperature treatments. The concentration of thiourea was 1. 0 % and 1. 5 % both effectively reduced the tuber rotting rate. Buds of Chunyu 117 grew faster than Favorita. Compared to CK treatment,GA3 and thiourea could speed up bud growth and the buds were longest under 10 mg/L GA3 treatment. Bud diameter was only affected by temperature. The buds of Favorita were the thickest under 25 ℃ treatment.【Conclusion】Dormancy period,dormancy amplitude and bud morphogenesis were significantly affected by tempertures,chemical reagents and temperture. Interaction effects were observed between temperatures and chemical reagents. In the progress of practical application,according to cultivars features,it is more meaning to adopt different chemical reagents in a certain temperature.
【Objective】The article aims to explore the effects of Gibberellin( GA3) and Thiourea on dormancy and bud morphogenesis of prebasic potato under different temperatures. 【Method】Pre-basic seed of cultivars Favorita and Chuanyu 117 were used as experimental materials which was designed as there factors split experiment design.【Result】Compared to 25 ℃ and room temperature treatments,the dormancy period was longer under 4 ℃( 7 d) →25 ℃ treatment. The dormancy period was not significant different between 25 ℃ and room temperature treatments. The concentration of thiourea was 1. 0 % and 1. 5 % both effectively reduced the tuber rotting rate. Buds of Chunyu 117 grew faster than Favorita. Compared to CK treatment,GA3 and thiourea could speed up bud growth and the buds were longest under 10 mg/L GA3 treatment. Bud diameter was only affected by temperature. The buds of Favorita were the thickest under 25 ℃ treatment.【Conclusion】Dormancy period,dormancy amplitude and bud morphogenesis were significantly affected by tempertures,chemical reagents and temperture. Interaction effects were observed between temperatures and chemical reagents. In the progress of practical application,according to cultivars features,it is more meaning to adopt different chemical reagents in a certain temperature.
引文
[1]刘悦善,李成,王成霞,等.加工型马铃薯品种微型薯种薯贮藏期内源激素含量、阀值和休眠期相关性分析[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(2):262-269.
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[5]张国.脱毒马铃薯不同级别种薯的萌芽特性及休眠破除技术研究[D].四川农业大学,2011:1-2.
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[9]蒲建刚,孙林祥,斐建文,等.脱毒马铃薯微型薯原原种打破休眠试验研究初报[J].甘肃农业科技,1999(7):13-14.
[10]王欢妍.马铃薯微型薯繁育基质配比的研究[D].湖南农业大学,2014:4-5.
[11]徐成勇,杨绍江,陈学才,等.四川马铃薯周年生产季节性专用品种选育策略[J].中国种业,2015(2):11-15.
[12]隋启君,白建明,李燕山,等.适合西南地区马铃薯周年生产的新品种选育策略[A].马铃薯产业与农村区域发展[C].2013.
[13]杨万林,隋启君.马铃薯不同育种材料微型薯休眠特性及调控试验研究[J].西南农业学报,2004,17(1):84-87.
[14]叶贻勋,沈清景,许朝辉.赤霉素破除马铃薯脱毒原原种休眠的研究(简报)[J].植物生理学通讯,2000,36(2):123-125.
[2]刘芳,杨元军,董道峰,等.马铃薯不同代数和块茎大小休眠特性研究[J].山东农业科学,2011,11:32-34.
[3]李佩华.赤霉素处理马铃薯整数休眠效应的研究[J].贵州农业科学,2008,36(3):34-36.
[4]郑顺林,袁继超,马均,等.外源赤霉素对小整薯休眠解除中的激素变化及物质转化的影响[J].西南农业学报,2008,21(2):323-327.
[5]张国.脱毒马铃薯不同级别种薯的萌芽特性及休眠破除技术研究[D].四川农业大学,2011:1-2.
[6]邓春凌.马铃薯块茎休眠及其打破的方法[J].中国马铃薯,2010,24(3):151-152.
[7]焦洪华,徐邦会,张亚风,马铃薯微型薯打破休眠试验初探[J].中国马铃薯,2007,21(2):101-103.
[8]刘芳,杨元军,董道峰,等.马铃薯微型薯休眠破除方法的比较[J].山东农业科学(自然科学版),2011,42(2):183-186.
[9]蒲建刚,孙林祥,斐建文,等.脱毒马铃薯微型薯原原种打破休眠试验研究初报[J].甘肃农业科技,1999(7):13-14.
[10]王欢妍.马铃薯微型薯繁育基质配比的研究[D].湖南农业大学,2014:4-5.
[11]徐成勇,杨绍江,陈学才,等.四川马铃薯周年生产季节性专用品种选育策略[J].中国种业,2015(2):11-15.
[12]隋启君,白建明,李燕山,等.适合西南地区马铃薯周年生产的新品种选育策略[A].马铃薯产业与农村区域发展[C].2013.
[13]杨万林,隋启君.马铃薯不同育种材料微型薯休眠特性及调控试验研究[J].西南农业学报,2004,17(1):84-87.
[14]叶贻勋,沈清景,许朝辉.赤霉素破除马铃薯脱毒原原种休眠的研究(简报)[J].植物生理学通讯,2000,36(2):123-125.