电动汽车PMSM MTPA控制系统抗积分饱和速度控制
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摘要
电动汽车电机驱动系统大多采用传统PI控制,存在积分饱和现象,系统易产生超调和振荡问题,因此将抗积分饱和控制策略引入永磁同步电机最大转矩电流比控制调速系统中,以提升系统的稳定性。采用反馈算法求解转矩电流高次方程,解决了高次方程求解困难的问题,实现了最大转矩电流比控制;速度环和电流环均采用抗积分饱和PI控制,有效地抑制了积分饱和,减小了系统的超调量,提高了电机控制精度。基于Matlab/Simulink搭建了系统模型并进行仿真,仿真结果表明,所设计的系统有效地抑制了积分饱和现象,减少了速度的超调,具有良好的动态和稳态性能,可以较好地满足电动汽车电机驱动系统的要求。
The integral saturation found in the traditional PI control, which is mostly used in the motor drive system of electric vehicles, results in a liability of the system to overshoot and oscillation. Therefore, the anti-integral saturation control strategy has been introduced into the maximum torque-current ratio control speed regulation system of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) to improve the stability of the system. The feedback algorithm is adopted to solve the higher degree torque-current equation, which helps to solve the problem of solving the high-order equation and realizes the maximum control of the torque-current ratio. Both the speed loop and current loop adopt the anti-windup PI control, which effectively restrains the integral saturation, thus reducing the overshoot of the system, and improving the motor control accuracy. A system model has been built and simulated based on Matlab/Simulink, with simulation results verifying the ef?ciency of the designed system in suppressing the integral saturation. With a good dynamic and steady performance, it helps to reduce the overshoot of speed, thus meeting the requirements of electric vehicle motor drive systems very well.
The integral saturation found in the traditional PI control, which is mostly used in the motor drive system of electric vehicles, results in a liability of the system to overshoot and oscillation. Therefore, the anti-integral saturation control strategy has been introduced into the maximum torque-current ratio control speed regulation system of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) to improve the stability of the system. The feedback algorithm is adopted to solve the higher degree torque-current equation, which helps to solve the problem of solving the high-order equation and realizes the maximum control of the torque-current ratio. Both the speed loop and current loop adopt the anti-windup PI control, which effectively restrains the integral saturation, thus reducing the overshoot of the system, and improving the motor control accuracy. A system model has been built and simulated based on Matlab/Simulink, with simulation results verifying the ef?ciency of the designed system in suppressing the integral saturation. With a good dynamic and steady performance, it helps to reduce the overshoot of speed, thus meeting the requirements of electric vehicle motor drive systems very well.
引文
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[7]陈起旭,王庆元,徐俊,等.电动汽车用内置式PMSM的MTPA控制算法对比研究[J].微电机,2017,50(4):32-35,42.CHEN Qixu,WANG Qingyuan,XU Jun,et al Comparative Research of MTPA Control for Interior PMSM Used in Electric Vehicles[J].Micromotors,2017,50(4):32-35,42.
[8]张凯,秦斌,王欣,等.基于电压前馈解耦的地铁永磁同步电机矢量控制研究[J].湖南工业大学学报,2016,30(5):22-26.ZHANG Kai,QIN Bin,WANG Xin,et al.Research on Vector Control of Metro Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Voltage Feed-Forward Decoupling[J].Journal of Hunan University of Technology,2016,30(5):22-26.
[9]李启蒙.基于新型抗积分饱和控制器的感应电机直接转矩控制系统的仿真研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2014.LI Qimeng.Simulation of Induction Motor DTC System Using the New Anti-Windup Controller[D].Handan:Hebei University of Engineering,2014.
[10]王磊.基于抗积分饱和PID算法的地暖控制方法研究[J].电子设计工程,2017,25(4):181-184.WANG Lei.Research of Controlling Radiant Floor Heating Based on PID Algorithm of Anti-Integral Saturation[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2017,25(4):181-184.
[11]廖雄志,文定都,湛政,等.基于模糊PID的永磁同步电机调速系统[J].湖南工业大学学报,2018,32(2):26-30.LIAO Xiongzhi,WEN Dingdou,ZHAN Zheng,et al.A Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Speed Control System Based on Fuzzy PID[J].Journal of Hunan University of Technology,2018,32(2):26-30.
[2]李星星,邓福军.永磁同步电动机矢量控制研究[J].大连交通大学学报,2015,36(4):97-100.LI Xingxing,DENG Fujun.Research on Vector Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor[J].Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University,2015,36(4):97-100.
[3]田以涛,王英.基于最大转矩电流比的永磁同步电动机矢量控制[J].电机与控制应用,2013,40(5):25-28,58.TIAN Yitao,WANG Ying.Vector Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Maximum Torque Per Ampere[J].Electric Machines&Control Application,2013,40(5):25-28,58.
[4]李旭东,王硕,康劲松.计及磁饱和的车用永磁同步电机MTPA控制技术[J].电源学报,2017,15(2):94-100.LI Xudong,WANG Shuo,KANG Jinsong.MTPAControl Technology of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Used in Electric Vehicle Considering Magnetic Saturation[J].Journal of Power Supply,2017,15(2):94-100.
[5]陈吉,商红桃,王剑锋.一种改进的永磁同步电机最大转矩电流比控制方法[J].微特电机,2016,44(12):53-57.CHEN Ji,SHANG Hongtao,WANG Jianfeng.An Improved Maximum Torque per Ampere Control Method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor[J].Small&Special Electrical Machines,2016,44(12):53-57.
[6]袁登科,陶生桂.交流永磁电机变频调速系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2011:31-34.YUAN Dengke,TAO Shenggui.AC Permanent Magnet Motor Variable Frequency Speed Control System[M].Beijing:Machine Industry Press,2011:31-34.
[7]陈起旭,王庆元,徐俊,等.电动汽车用内置式PMSM的MTPA控制算法对比研究[J].微电机,2017,50(4):32-35,42.CHEN Qixu,WANG Qingyuan,XU Jun,et al Comparative Research of MTPA Control for Interior PMSM Used in Electric Vehicles[J].Micromotors,2017,50(4):32-35,42.
[8]张凯,秦斌,王欣,等.基于电压前馈解耦的地铁永磁同步电机矢量控制研究[J].湖南工业大学学报,2016,30(5):22-26.ZHANG Kai,QIN Bin,WANG Xin,et al.Research on Vector Control of Metro Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Voltage Feed-Forward Decoupling[J].Journal of Hunan University of Technology,2016,30(5):22-26.
[9]李启蒙.基于新型抗积分饱和控制器的感应电机直接转矩控制系统的仿真研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2014.LI Qimeng.Simulation of Induction Motor DTC System Using the New Anti-Windup Controller[D].Handan:Hebei University of Engineering,2014.
[10]王磊.基于抗积分饱和PID算法的地暖控制方法研究[J].电子设计工程,2017,25(4):181-184.WANG Lei.Research of Controlling Radiant Floor Heating Based on PID Algorithm of Anti-Integral Saturation[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2017,25(4):181-184.
[11]廖雄志,文定都,湛政,等.基于模糊PID的永磁同步电机调速系统[J].湖南工业大学学报,2018,32(2):26-30.LIAO Xiongzhi,WEN Dingdou,ZHAN Zheng,et al.A Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Speed Control System Based on Fuzzy PID[J].Journal of Hunan University of Technology,2018,32(2):26-30.