中国黄耆属糙叶组叶表皮毛状体微形态学特征
|
摘要
采用体视显微镜和扫描电子显微镜,对中国产黄耆属糙叶组34种植物的叶表皮毛状体的形态特征及其分布进行了观察,以探讨中国黄耆属糙叶组物种表皮毛微观形态的变异式样及其分类学意义,为糙叶组物种的分类鉴定提供依据。结果表明:除乳白花黄耆(A.galactites)仅在叶下表面被毛外,其余种类上下表皮均有毛,且毛的分布、形态、长度和臂比在不同种类间存在差异。叶表皮毛为伏贴或开展的中空管状毛,伏贴毛着生部位基部膨大,整体形态从中部向两端由粗逐渐变细,开展的毛大部分为细长的丝状或线状,光滑或具条纹状纹饰,上面分布有乳突。研究认为,叶表皮表面伏贴、短而平直、其上光滑具密集乳突、臂比值小、整体宽扁的毛是祖先特征;而叶表皮表面向上开展、长而密集、外形呈丝状或线形、其上具条纹状纹饰、乳突稀疏、臂比值大的毛是进化特征。
Based on stereomicroscopic and scanning electronic microscopic observation,we studied the hair morphology and distribution on leaf of 34 species of Astragalus Sect.Trachycersis Bunge from China in order to identify their variation pattern and taxonomic significance.The results showed that hairs are distributed on both upper and lower leaf surfaces of all studied species except for A.galactites,in which hairs are only on lower surface of leaves.The distribution,morphology,length and arm ratio of hairs are varied in different species.Haris are medifixied,hollow,appressed or spreading,densely to sparsely papillose on hair surfaces.Among them,appressed hairs are inflated on base of attachment,gradually thinner from middle to both ends,while spreading ones generally are slender filiform or linear,smooth or with striation.In our point,those appressed,short and straight,smooth with densely papillose,and with small arm ratio,flat hairs are ancestral characters,while those spreading,long and dense,filiform or linear,with striate ornamentation and sparsely papillose on surface,and with big arm ratio are advanced ones.On the basis,we discussed taxonomy of some related species in this section.
Based on stereomicroscopic and scanning electronic microscopic observation,we studied the hair morphology and distribution on leaf of 34 species of Astragalus Sect.Trachycersis Bunge from China in order to identify their variation pattern and taxonomic significance.The results showed that hairs are distributed on both upper and lower leaf surfaces of all studied species except for A.galactites,in which hairs are only on lower surface of leaves.The distribution,morphology,length and arm ratio of hairs are varied in different species.Haris are medifixied,hollow,appressed or spreading,densely to sparsely papillose on hair surfaces.Among them,appressed hairs are inflated on base of attachment,gradually thinner from middle to both ends,while spreading ones generally are slender filiform or linear,smooth or with striation.In our point,those appressed,short and straight,smooth with densely papillose,and with small arm ratio,flat hairs are ancestral characters,while those spreading,long and dense,filiform or linear,with striate ornamentation and sparsely papillose on surface,and with big arm ratio are advanced ones.On the basis,we discussed taxonomy of some related species in this section.
引文
[1]WU Z Y,PETER H RAVEN.FloraofChina,Vol.10[M].Beijing:Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden,2010.
[2]BARAN P,ZDEMIR C.Morphological and anatomical characteristics of Salvia tchihatcheffii endemic to Turkey[J].Nord.J.Bot.,2009,27(5):388-396.
[3]张健,闻志彬,张明理.中国木蓼属植物叶表皮微形态特征及其分类学意义[J].植物资源与环境学报,2013,22(2):8-17.ZHANG J,WEN Z B,ZHANG M L.Leaf epidermal micromorphological characteristics of Atraphaxis Linn.(Polygonaceae)in China and its taxonomical significance[J].Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2013,22(2):8-17.
[4]王东超,杨永平,陈家辉,等.28种柳属植物的叶表皮微形态特征及其分类学意义[J].植物分类与资源学报,2012,34(5):430-442.WANG D C,YANG Y P,CHEN J H,et al.Leaf epidermal micro-features of 28 Salix species under scanning electronic microscope and their taxonomical significances[J].Plant Diversity and Resources,2012,34(5):430-442.
[5]陈曦,邢怡,王蒙,等.黑龙江悬钩子属植物叶表皮形态结构的研究[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(10):2 035-2 039.CHEN X,XING Y,WANG M,et al.Morphology structure of leaf epidermis of genus Rubusin Heilongjiang[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2012,32(10):2 035-2 039.
[6]陈翔,黄承玲,等.贵州30种杜鹃属植物叶背表皮显微形态特征[J].广西植物,2015,(1):20-30.CHEN X,HUANG C L,et al.Micro-morphological characters of leaf abaxial epidermis for 30species of Rhododendron(Ericaceae)from Guizhou Province[J].Guihaia,2015,(1):20-30.
[7]STUESSY T F.Plant Taxonomy:The Systematic Evaluation of Comparative Data[M].Columbia University Press,2009.
[8]税玉民,李启任,黄素华.云南秋海棠属叶表皮及毛被的扫描电镜观察[J].云南植物研究,1999,21(3):309-316.SHUI Y M,LI Q H,HUANG S H.Observation of leaf epidermis and its hair of Begoniafrom Yunnan[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,1999,21(3):309-316.
[9]FAHN A.Plant Anatomy[M].New York:Pergamon Press,1982.
[10]BARTHLOTT W,NEINHUIS C,CUTILER D.Classification and terminology of plant epicuticular waxes[J].Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,1998,126:237-260.
[11]ZARRE S.Hair micro-morphology and its phylogenetic application in thorny species of Astragalus(Fabaceae)[J].Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,2003,143:323-330.
[12]TAEB F,ZARRE S,PODLECH D,et al.A contribution to the phylogeny of annual species of Astragalus(Fabaceae)in the old world using hair micro-morphology and other morphological characters[J].Feddes Repertorium,2007,118(5-6):206-227.
[13]GHAHREMANI-NEJAD F.Value of trichome characteristics for the separation of bifurcating hairy Astragalus L.(Fabaceae)at the sectional level[J].Turkish Journal of Botany,2004,28:241-245.
[14]康云,张明理.中国黄耆属簇毛黄耆亚属的叶表皮特征及其系统学意义[J].植物研究,2009,29(1):25-32.KANG Y,ZHANG M L.Leaf epidermal feature of Astragalus L.subgenus Pogonophace Bunge(Leguminosae)from China and its systematic significance[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2009,29(1):25-32.
[15]逯永满.新疆阿勒泰地区黄耆属和棘豆属分类及叶表皮特征研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2010.
[16]刘小林,常朝阳,徐朗然.莲山黄耆及其近缘种长管萼黄耆微形态特征比较研究[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(2):272-277.LIU X L,CHANG Z Y,XU L R.Taxonomical status of Astragalus leansanicus and A.limprichtii based on their micromorphology[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2008,28(2):272-277.
[17]OSALOO S K,MAASSOUMI A A,MURAKAMI N.Molecular systematics of the genus Astragalus L.(Fabaceae):Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers and chloroplast gene ndhF sequences[J].Plant Systematics&Evolution,2003,242(1-4):1-32.
[18]PODLECH D,XU L R.New species and a new combination in Astragalus(Leguminosae)from China[J].Novon,2007,17(2):228-254.
[19]ZARRE S.Systematic revision of Astragalus sect.Adiaspastus,sect.Macrophyllium and sect.Pterophorus(Fabaceae)[J].Englera,2000,(18):3-219.
[20]BUNGE A.Generis Astragali Species Gerontogeae[M].SaintPetersbourg:Academy Implication Sciences Publications,1 868-1 869.
[21]POLHILL R M.Galegeae[M]//POLHILL R M,RAVEN PH,eds.Advances in Legume Systematics.Part 1.Kew:Royal Botanic Gardens,1981:357-363.
[22]FU K T.Pogonophace[M]//Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae.Beijing:Science Press,1993,42(1):80-114.
[23]常朝阳,徐朗然,吴振海.国产丽豆属2个种的比较形态及其生态学特性和地理分布[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(13):2 312-2 320.CHANG Z Y,XU L R,WU Z H.Comparative morphology,ecology and geographical distribution of Calophaca sinica and C.soongorica[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2004,24(13):2 312-2 320.
[24]宁鲁静,程凯利,盛钰平,等.乳白花黄耆(豆科)的一些新异名[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(4):837-841.NING L J,CHENG K L,SHENG Y P,et al.New synonyms of Astragalus galactites Pall.(Leguminosae)[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin,2015,35(4):837-841.
[25]张敏,刘建军,康永祥,等.科布尔黄耆(豆科)新异名及其在中国分布的新资料[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(12):2 560-2 562.ZHANG M,LIU J J,KANG Y X,et al.New synonym and new distribution records of Astragalus koburensis Bunge(Leguminosae)in China[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2012,32(12):2 560-2 562.
[26]刘小林,杜诚,常朝阳,等.豆科植物阿拉善黄耆的分类订正[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(2):417-419.LIU X L,DU C,CHANG Z Y,et al.Revision of Astragalus grubovii Sancz.(Leguminosae)[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2010,30(2):417-419.
[2]BARAN P,ZDEMIR C.Morphological and anatomical characteristics of Salvia tchihatcheffii endemic to Turkey[J].Nord.J.Bot.,2009,27(5):388-396.
[3]张健,闻志彬,张明理.中国木蓼属植物叶表皮微形态特征及其分类学意义[J].植物资源与环境学报,2013,22(2):8-17.ZHANG J,WEN Z B,ZHANG M L.Leaf epidermal micromorphological characteristics of Atraphaxis Linn.(Polygonaceae)in China and its taxonomical significance[J].Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2013,22(2):8-17.
[4]王东超,杨永平,陈家辉,等.28种柳属植物的叶表皮微形态特征及其分类学意义[J].植物分类与资源学报,2012,34(5):430-442.WANG D C,YANG Y P,CHEN J H,et al.Leaf epidermal micro-features of 28 Salix species under scanning electronic microscope and their taxonomical significances[J].Plant Diversity and Resources,2012,34(5):430-442.
[5]陈曦,邢怡,王蒙,等.黑龙江悬钩子属植物叶表皮形态结构的研究[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(10):2 035-2 039.CHEN X,XING Y,WANG M,et al.Morphology structure of leaf epidermis of genus Rubusin Heilongjiang[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2012,32(10):2 035-2 039.
[6]陈翔,黄承玲,等.贵州30种杜鹃属植物叶背表皮显微形态特征[J].广西植物,2015,(1):20-30.CHEN X,HUANG C L,et al.Micro-morphological characters of leaf abaxial epidermis for 30species of Rhododendron(Ericaceae)from Guizhou Province[J].Guihaia,2015,(1):20-30.
[7]STUESSY T F.Plant Taxonomy:The Systematic Evaluation of Comparative Data[M].Columbia University Press,2009.
[8]税玉民,李启任,黄素华.云南秋海棠属叶表皮及毛被的扫描电镜观察[J].云南植物研究,1999,21(3):309-316.SHUI Y M,LI Q H,HUANG S H.Observation of leaf epidermis and its hair of Begoniafrom Yunnan[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,1999,21(3):309-316.
[9]FAHN A.Plant Anatomy[M].New York:Pergamon Press,1982.
[10]BARTHLOTT W,NEINHUIS C,CUTILER D.Classification and terminology of plant epicuticular waxes[J].Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,1998,126:237-260.
[11]ZARRE S.Hair micro-morphology and its phylogenetic application in thorny species of Astragalus(Fabaceae)[J].Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,2003,143:323-330.
[12]TAEB F,ZARRE S,PODLECH D,et al.A contribution to the phylogeny of annual species of Astragalus(Fabaceae)in the old world using hair micro-morphology and other morphological characters[J].Feddes Repertorium,2007,118(5-6):206-227.
[13]GHAHREMANI-NEJAD F.Value of trichome characteristics for the separation of bifurcating hairy Astragalus L.(Fabaceae)at the sectional level[J].Turkish Journal of Botany,2004,28:241-245.
[14]康云,张明理.中国黄耆属簇毛黄耆亚属的叶表皮特征及其系统学意义[J].植物研究,2009,29(1):25-32.KANG Y,ZHANG M L.Leaf epidermal feature of Astragalus L.subgenus Pogonophace Bunge(Leguminosae)from China and its systematic significance[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2009,29(1):25-32.
[15]逯永满.新疆阿勒泰地区黄耆属和棘豆属分类及叶表皮特征研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2010.
[16]刘小林,常朝阳,徐朗然.莲山黄耆及其近缘种长管萼黄耆微形态特征比较研究[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(2):272-277.LIU X L,CHANG Z Y,XU L R.Taxonomical status of Astragalus leansanicus and A.limprichtii based on their micromorphology[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2008,28(2):272-277.
[17]OSALOO S K,MAASSOUMI A A,MURAKAMI N.Molecular systematics of the genus Astragalus L.(Fabaceae):Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers and chloroplast gene ndhF sequences[J].Plant Systematics&Evolution,2003,242(1-4):1-32.
[18]PODLECH D,XU L R.New species and a new combination in Astragalus(Leguminosae)from China[J].Novon,2007,17(2):228-254.
[19]ZARRE S.Systematic revision of Astragalus sect.Adiaspastus,sect.Macrophyllium and sect.Pterophorus(Fabaceae)[J].Englera,2000,(18):3-219.
[20]BUNGE A.Generis Astragali Species Gerontogeae[M].SaintPetersbourg:Academy Implication Sciences Publications,1 868-1 869.
[21]POLHILL R M.Galegeae[M]//POLHILL R M,RAVEN PH,eds.Advances in Legume Systematics.Part 1.Kew:Royal Botanic Gardens,1981:357-363.
[22]FU K T.Pogonophace[M]//Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae.Beijing:Science Press,1993,42(1):80-114.
[23]常朝阳,徐朗然,吴振海.国产丽豆属2个种的比较形态及其生态学特性和地理分布[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(13):2 312-2 320.CHANG Z Y,XU L R,WU Z H.Comparative morphology,ecology and geographical distribution of Calophaca sinica and C.soongorica[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2004,24(13):2 312-2 320.
[24]宁鲁静,程凯利,盛钰平,等.乳白花黄耆(豆科)的一些新异名[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(4):837-841.NING L J,CHENG K L,SHENG Y P,et al.New synonyms of Astragalus galactites Pall.(Leguminosae)[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin,2015,35(4):837-841.
[25]张敏,刘建军,康永祥,等.科布尔黄耆(豆科)新异名及其在中国分布的新资料[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(12):2 560-2 562.ZHANG M,LIU J J,KANG Y X,et al.New synonym and new distribution records of Astragalus koburensis Bunge(Leguminosae)in China[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2012,32(12):2 560-2 562.
[26]刘小林,杜诚,常朝阳,等.豆科植物阿拉善黄耆的分类订正[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(2):417-419.LIU X L,DU C,CHANG Z Y,et al.Revision of Astragalus grubovii Sancz.(Leguminosae)[J].Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.,2010,30(2):417-419.