贵州省春播西葫芦种植气候适宜性分析
|
摘要
研究旨在分析贵州省春播西葫芦种植的气候适宜性,为其种植推广提供参考依据。选取西葫芦关键生育期气象因子作为指标,使用贵州省83个台站1981—2010年气候资料、1961—2015年春旱日数资料,应用ANUSPLIN和ArcGIS软件,通过薄盘样条函数法及反距离权重法对各指标进行插值,根据各因子适宜等级进行重分类及矢量叠加,获取气候适宜性综合区划图层。结果得到了西葫芦关键生长期气温、日照、降水等气候条件的精细化分布图层,以及种植的气候最适宜区、次适宜区、适宜区。贵州省西葫芦种植的最适宜区主要分布在省东部及东南部,该区光温水条件均适宜,结瓜期降水充沛,春旱发生风险低,有利于高产的形成;次适宜区主要分布在省北部和西南部,该区总体光温水条件较好,但都存在一定的不利条件,需要注意加强田间管理;适宜区主要分布在省西北部,该区温水条件稍逊,春旱发生风险高,需通过设施栽培并加强温湿度调控,才能充分利用有利光照资源,以获取高产。
The study aims to analyze the climatic suitability of spring sowing zucchini in Guizhou, and provide climatic references for planting promotion of zucchini. We selected the meteorological factors of zucchini during key growth period as indexes; used the meteorological data from 1981 to 2010 and spring drought days data from 1961 to 2015 of 83 stations in Guizhou, based on ANUSPIN and ArcGIS, to apply the thin plate spline function and inverse distance weighting methods to the interpolation of each factors, and then, classified and superposed each factors according to their suitable classes, and got the layer of comprehensive climatic suitability regionalization for zucchini. We got the distribution layers of temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration and other climatic factors of zucchini during key growth period, and the most suitable, sub-suitable,and suitable region for spring sowing zucchini in Guizhou. The most suitable region distributed in the east and southeast Guizhou, which had the most suitable meteorological condition and abundant precipitation during the fruiting period, and low risk of spring drought, all could be beneficial to high yield. The sub-suitable region distributed in the north and southwest Guizhou, which had different kinds of suitable meteorological conditions and some disadvantages as well, it was necessary to strengthen field management for high yield. The suitable region distributed in the northwest Guizhou, which had relatively inferior meteorological condition and high risk of spring drought, and high yield could be obtained only through facility cultivation and enhancing the control of temperature and humidity to make full use of sunshine resources.
The study aims to analyze the climatic suitability of spring sowing zucchini in Guizhou, and provide climatic references for planting promotion of zucchini. We selected the meteorological factors of zucchini during key growth period as indexes; used the meteorological data from 1981 to 2010 and spring drought days data from 1961 to 2015 of 83 stations in Guizhou, based on ANUSPIN and ArcGIS, to apply the thin plate spline function and inverse distance weighting methods to the interpolation of each factors, and then, classified and superposed each factors according to their suitable classes, and got the layer of comprehensive climatic suitability regionalization for zucchini. We got the distribution layers of temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration and other climatic factors of zucchini during key growth period, and the most suitable, sub-suitable,and suitable region for spring sowing zucchini in Guizhou. The most suitable region distributed in the east and southeast Guizhou, which had the most suitable meteorological condition and abundant precipitation during the fruiting period, and low risk of spring drought, all could be beneficial to high yield. The sub-suitable region distributed in the north and southwest Guizhou, which had different kinds of suitable meteorological conditions and some disadvantages as well, it was necessary to strengthen field management for high yield. The suitable region distributed in the northwest Guizhou, which had relatively inferior meteorological condition and high risk of spring drought, and high yield could be obtained only through facility cultivation and enhancing the control of temperature and humidity to make full use of sunshine resources.
引文
[1]陈玉财.高海拔地区西葫芦地膜覆盖栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2011(22):60.
[2]龙永根,刘方,刘元生,等.贵州榕江县优质蔬菜种植模式及生态农业技术推广应用[J].南方园艺,2014,25(1):22-24.
[3]温变英.温室西葫芦优质安全生产管理技术[J].农业工程技术,2017,37(4):53-55.
[4]徐峰,蒋学杰.鲁东南地区大棚萝卜-西瓜-西葫芦一年三种三收高效栽培模式[J].中国农技推广,2013,29(4):28-30.
[5]张义豪,赵春芳,孙培良,等.阳谷县特色农业西葫芦精细化气候区划研究[J].长江蔬菜,2013(20):39-42.
[6]贾桂兰,雍燕亓,徐心东,等.特色蔬菜秋葵在巴中市的气候适宜性分析[J].现代农业科技,2016(6):228.
[7]张凯,张玉鑫,陈年来,等.甘肃省高原夏菜种植气候区划[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(5):179-185.
[8]李莉,于飞,刘娟,等.贵州省丹寨县茶叶气候适宜性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(20):155-157.
[9]黄桔梅,谷晓平,于飞.贵阳市主要蔬菜品种的气候适宜性区划[J].中国农业气象,2011(s1):144-147.
[10]屈振江,周广胜.中国富士苹果种植的气候适宜性研究[J].气象学报,2016,74(3):479-490.
[11]莫建国,池再香,汤苾,等.贵州山区红心猕猴桃种植气候区划[J].中国农业气象,2016,37(1):36-42.
[12]韩树全,范建新,王代谷,等.基于“3S”技术的贵州省澳洲坚果种植气候区划[J].贵州农业科学,2016,44(8):157-161.
[13]张瑶,邓建华,马丽英,等.贵州松桃县万寿菊种植气候适宜性区划研究[J].农业灾害研究,2016,6(9):13-15.
[14]梁轶,李星敏,周辉,等.陕西油菜生态气候适宜性分析与精细化区划[J].中国农业气象,2013,34(1):50-57.
[15]秦荣显,赖晓华,曾春生,等.连平鹰嘴蜜桃种植的气候适宜性分析[J].广东气象,2014,36(3):42-46.
[16]梁轶,王景红,屈振江,等.黄土高原丘陵区中阳木枣精细化气候适宜性区划[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(10):132-138.
[17]汪圣洪,赵仕慧.基于GIS的贵阳蔬菜栽培气候条件分析及布局研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(29):14403-14406.
[18]《新农村十万个怎么办》编写组.如何科学栽培西葫芦[M].内蒙古:远方出版社,2009:1-9.
[19]高迎春.冬春季西葫芦高产栽培技术[J].吉林蔬菜,2017(1):1-2.
[20]谷晓平,梁平,于飞,等.特色农业气象试验研究——以贵州省“两高”沿线为例[M].北京:气象出版社,2015:149-155.
[21]徐永灵,陈中云.DB52/T 501—2006,贵州省干旱标准[S].贵州:贵州省质量技术监督局,2006:1-3.
[2]龙永根,刘方,刘元生,等.贵州榕江县优质蔬菜种植模式及生态农业技术推广应用[J].南方园艺,2014,25(1):22-24.
[3]温变英.温室西葫芦优质安全生产管理技术[J].农业工程技术,2017,37(4):53-55.
[4]徐峰,蒋学杰.鲁东南地区大棚萝卜-西瓜-西葫芦一年三种三收高效栽培模式[J].中国农技推广,2013,29(4):28-30.
[5]张义豪,赵春芳,孙培良,等.阳谷县特色农业西葫芦精细化气候区划研究[J].长江蔬菜,2013(20):39-42.
[6]贾桂兰,雍燕亓,徐心东,等.特色蔬菜秋葵在巴中市的气候适宜性分析[J].现代农业科技,2016(6):228.
[7]张凯,张玉鑫,陈年来,等.甘肃省高原夏菜种植气候区划[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(5):179-185.
[8]李莉,于飞,刘娟,等.贵州省丹寨县茶叶气候适宜性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(20):155-157.
[9]黄桔梅,谷晓平,于飞.贵阳市主要蔬菜品种的气候适宜性区划[J].中国农业气象,2011(s1):144-147.
[10]屈振江,周广胜.中国富士苹果种植的气候适宜性研究[J].气象学报,2016,74(3):479-490.
[11]莫建国,池再香,汤苾,等.贵州山区红心猕猴桃种植气候区划[J].中国农业气象,2016,37(1):36-42.
[12]韩树全,范建新,王代谷,等.基于“3S”技术的贵州省澳洲坚果种植气候区划[J].贵州农业科学,2016,44(8):157-161.
[13]张瑶,邓建华,马丽英,等.贵州松桃县万寿菊种植气候适宜性区划研究[J].农业灾害研究,2016,6(9):13-15.
[14]梁轶,李星敏,周辉,等.陕西油菜生态气候适宜性分析与精细化区划[J].中国农业气象,2013,34(1):50-57.
[15]秦荣显,赖晓华,曾春生,等.连平鹰嘴蜜桃种植的气候适宜性分析[J].广东气象,2014,36(3):42-46.
[16]梁轶,王景红,屈振江,等.黄土高原丘陵区中阳木枣精细化气候适宜性区划[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(10):132-138.
[17]汪圣洪,赵仕慧.基于GIS的贵阳蔬菜栽培气候条件分析及布局研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(29):14403-14406.
[18]《新农村十万个怎么办》编写组.如何科学栽培西葫芦[M].内蒙古:远方出版社,2009:1-9.
[19]高迎春.冬春季西葫芦高产栽培技术[J].吉林蔬菜,2017(1):1-2.
[20]谷晓平,梁平,于飞,等.特色农业气象试验研究——以贵州省“两高”沿线为例[M].北京:气象出版社,2015:149-155.
[21]徐永灵,陈中云.DB52/T 501—2006,贵州省干旱标准[S].贵州:贵州省质量技术监督局,2006:1-3.