液态CO_2相变致裂技术在金佳煤矿的应用
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摘要
为更好地在低渗透、高瓦斯、强突出煤层中应用CO_2致裂技术,在金佳煤矿11224运输巷与212石门进行CO_2相变致裂的防突预抽现场试验,通过比较煤层致裂后的瓦斯压力与含量变化,确定CO_2致裂技术在顺层孔与穿层孔中的差异,研究结果表明:一次液态CO_2相变致裂时间为2.0～2.5 h,且需要多次注入液态CO_2致裂才能提高瓦斯抽采效果;采用液态CO_2致裂技术可在原来基础上减少煤层瓦斯含量6%～12%,减少煤层瓦斯压力9%～12%,并且运用在穿层孔的效果要优于顺层孔,但是穿层孔的规律不如顺层孔稳定;液态CO_2致裂技术的致裂半径为6 m,为提高致裂效果可采用叠加致裂的布孔方式,增大钻孔群的抽采效果。该对比研究结果为液态CO_2相变致裂技术运用在煤矿瓦斯突出与防治领域提供了有效依据。
In order to well apply the carbon dioxide fracturing technology to a low permeability,high gassy and strong outburst seam,an outburst prevention and gas pre-drainage site test with the carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing was conducted in No.11224 gateway and No. 212 cross-cut of Jinjia Mine. With the comparison on the gas pressure and content variation after the seam fractured,the differences of the carbon dioxide fracturing technology in between the borehole along the seam and borehole passed through strata were determined. The study results showed that a liquid carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing time was 2.0 ～ 2.5 hours and with several injections,the liquid carbon dioxide fracturing could improve the gas drainage effect. The application of the liquid carbon dioxide fracturing technology could reduce the seam gas content by 6% ～ 12% on the in-situ basis and could reduce seam pressure by 9% ～ 12%. The liquid carbon dioxide fracturing technology applied to the borehole effect passed through the strata better then the borehole along the seam,but the law of the borehole passed through the strata was not stable than the borehole along the seam. The fracturing radius of the liquid carbon dioxide fracturing technology was 6 m. In order to improve the fracturing effect,the borehole pattern with the overlapped fracturing could be applied and thus the gas drainage effect of the borehole group could be improved. The comparison study could provide the effective basis to the liquid carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing technology applied to the mine gas outburst and prevention.
In order to well apply the carbon dioxide fracturing technology to a low permeability,high gassy and strong outburst seam,an outburst prevention and gas pre-drainage site test with the carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing was conducted in No.11224 gateway and No. 212 cross-cut of Jinjia Mine. With the comparison on the gas pressure and content variation after the seam fractured,the differences of the carbon dioxide fracturing technology in between the borehole along the seam and borehole passed through strata were determined. The study results showed that a liquid carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing time was 2.0 ～ 2.5 hours and with several injections,the liquid carbon dioxide fracturing could improve the gas drainage effect. The application of the liquid carbon dioxide fracturing technology could reduce the seam gas content by 6% ～ 12% on the in-situ basis and could reduce seam pressure by 9% ～ 12%. The liquid carbon dioxide fracturing technology applied to the borehole effect passed through the strata better then the borehole along the seam,but the law of the borehole passed through the strata was not stable than the borehole along the seam. The fracturing radius of the liquid carbon dioxide fracturing technology was 6 m. In order to improve the fracturing effect,the borehole pattern with the overlapped fracturing could be applied and thus the gas drainage effect of the borehole group could be improved. The comparison study could provide the effective basis to the liquid carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing technology applied to the mine gas outburst and prevention.
引文
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[16]王兆丰,李豪君,陈喜恩,等.液态CO2相变致裂煤层增透技术布孔方式研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2015,11(9):11-16.WANG Zhaofeng,LI Haojun,CHEN Xi’en,et al. Study on poreincreasing technology of liquid-phase transformation-induced fracture in coal seam[J]. Safety production science and technology in China,2015,11(9):11-16.
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[18] XU Youping,LIN Baiquan,ZHAI Cheng,et al.Study on gas flow capillary model and migration equation in coal around drilling[C]//2011 International Conference on Environmental Systems Science and Engineering(ICESSE 2011). Dalian:Intelligent Information Technology Application Association,2011.
[19]王维忠,刘东,许江,等.瓦斯抽采过程中钻孔位置对煤层参数演化影响的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):414-423.WANG Weizhong,LIU Dong,XU Jiang,et al. Experimental study on the influence of borehole position on coal seam parameter evolution in gas extraction process[J]. Journal of Coal Mining,2016,41(2):414-423.
[20]齐消寒.近距离低渗煤层群多重采动影响下煤岩破断与瓦斯流动规律及抽采研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016.
[21] LIU He,WANG Feng,ZHANG Jing,et al.Fracturing with carbon dioxide:Application status and development trend[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(4):513-519.
[22] DU Yukun,WANG Ruihe,NI Hongjian,et al. Determination of rock-breakingperformance of high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide jet[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2012, 24(4):554-560.
[23] SATYA Harpalani,CHEN Guoliang. Estimation of changes in fracture porosity of coal with gas emission[J]. Fuel,1995,74(10):1491-1498.
[24]胡彪,程远平,王亮.原生结构煤与构造煤孔隙结构与瓦斯扩散特性研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(3):103-107,24.HU Biao,CHENG Yuanping,WANG Liang. Study on pore structure and gas diffusion characteristics of primary structure coal and tectonic coal[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(3):103-107,24.
[25] LANGMUIR I. The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass,mica and platinum[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,1918,40:1361-1403.
[2]付建华,程远平.中国煤矿煤与瓦斯突出现状及防治对策[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(3):253-259.FU Jianhua,CHENG Yuanping. Present situation of coal and gas outburst in coal mines in China and its control measures[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2007,24(3):253-259.
[3]程远平,付建华,俞启香.中国煤矿瓦斯抽采技术的发展[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(2):127-139.CHENG Yuanping,FU Jianhua,YU Qixiang. The development of coal mine methane extraction technology in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2009,26(2):127-139.
[4]袁亮.我国深部煤与瓦斯共采战略思考[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):1-6.YUAN Liang.A strategic consideration of coal and gas co-mining in China[J]. Journal of Coal Mining,2016,41(1):1-6.
[5]匡铁军.深部低渗透率煤层瓦斯抽采气固耦合机理研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(8):170-176.KUANG Tiejun. Study on gas-solid coupling mechanism of methane extraction and recovery in deep low permeability coal seam[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(8):170-176.
[6]蔡峰,刘泽功.深部低透气性煤层上向穿层水力压裂强化增透技术[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):113-119.CAI Feng, LIU Zegong. Hydraulic fracturing enhancement technology for deep low-permeability seam with upper penetration layer[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):113-119.
[7]李雅阁.糯东矿水力冲孔增透机理及效果评价方法研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2017.
[8]赵宝友,王海东.深孔爆破技术在高地应力低透气性高瓦斯煤层增透防突中的适用性[J].爆炸与冲击,2014,34(2):145-152.ZHAO Baoyou,WANG Haidong. Applicability of deep-hole blasting technology in the penetration and outburst prevention of high gassy coal seam with low gas permeability[J].Explosion and Impact,2014,34(2):145-152.
[9] Palmer I. Permeability changes in coal:analytical modeling[J].Int J Coal Geol,2009,77:119-126.
[10] Palmer I. Coalbed methane completions:a world view[J]. Int J Coal Geol 2010,82:184-195.
[11]霍中刚.二氧化碳致裂器深孔预裂爆破煤层增透新技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(2):80-83.HUO Zhonggang.A new technology for coal seam enhancement by deep-hole pre-splitting blasting of carbon dioxide cracking device[J]. Coal science and Technology,2015,43(2):80-83.
[12]孙小明.液态二氧化碳相变致裂穿层钻孔强化预抽瓦斯效果研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2014.
[13]张家行.二氧化碳致裂技术及在煤矿安全生产中的应用研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2017.
[14]孙文忠.低渗煤层CO2预裂增透高效瓦斯抽采原理及应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(1):100-105.SUN Wenzhong. The principle and application of high efficiency gas extraction with pre-splitting in low permeability coal seam[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(1):100-105.
[15]贺超.基于二氧化碳深孔致裂增透技术的低透煤层瓦斯治理[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(6):67-72.HE Chao.Gas control of low permeability coal seam based on deep hole-splitting and penetrating technology of carbon dioxide[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(6):67-72.
[16]王兆丰,李豪君,陈喜恩,等.液态CO2相变致裂煤层增透技术布孔方式研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2015,11(9):11-16.WANG Zhaofeng,LI Haojun,CHEN Xi’en,et al. Study on poreincreasing technology of liquid-phase transformation-induced fracture in coal seam[J]. Safety production science and technology in China,2015,11(9):11-16.
[17]韩亚北.液态二氧化碳相变致裂增透机理研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2014.
[18] XU Youping,LIN Baiquan,ZHAI Cheng,et al.Study on gas flow capillary model and migration equation in coal around drilling[C]//2011 International Conference on Environmental Systems Science and Engineering(ICESSE 2011). Dalian:Intelligent Information Technology Application Association,2011.
[19]王维忠,刘东,许江,等.瓦斯抽采过程中钻孔位置对煤层参数演化影响的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):414-423.WANG Weizhong,LIU Dong,XU Jiang,et al. Experimental study on the influence of borehole position on coal seam parameter evolution in gas extraction process[J]. Journal of Coal Mining,2016,41(2):414-423.
[20]齐消寒.近距离低渗煤层群多重采动影响下煤岩破断与瓦斯流动规律及抽采研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016.
[21] LIU He,WANG Feng,ZHANG Jing,et al.Fracturing with carbon dioxide:Application status and development trend[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(4):513-519.
[22] DU Yukun,WANG Ruihe,NI Hongjian,et al. Determination of rock-breakingperformance of high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide jet[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2012, 24(4):554-560.
[23] SATYA Harpalani,CHEN Guoliang. Estimation of changes in fracture porosity of coal with gas emission[J]. Fuel,1995,74(10):1491-1498.
[24]胡彪,程远平,王亮.原生结构煤与构造煤孔隙结构与瓦斯扩散特性研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(3):103-107,24.HU Biao,CHENG Yuanping,WANG Liang. Study on pore structure and gas diffusion characteristics of primary structure coal and tectonic coal[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(3):103-107,24.
[25] LANGMUIR I. The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass,mica and platinum[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,1918,40:1361-1403.