变速恒压混合励磁风力发电机的热分析
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摘要
针对混合励磁风力发电机的结构、损耗分布、散热条件和运行状态复杂的特点,以一台100kW变速恒压混合励磁风力发电机为例,采用有限元法对发电机进行热计算,揭示不同运行状态(最大增磁、额定运行和最大去磁)下发电机的温升分布规律。分析电励磁电流零点设计对发电机励磁绕组铜耗和温升分布的影响,确定了电励磁电流零点设计原则;同时分析风速和散热面积对发电机温升的影响。对100kW混合励磁风力发电机样机进行温升实验,通过实验和计算结果的对比分析,验证了计算结果的正确性。
The structure, loss distribution, heat dissipation condition and running state of hybrid excited wind generators are complex. Taking a 100 kW hybrid excited wind generator as an example, the thermal analysis of the generator is carried out by the finite element method, and the temperature rise distributions of the generator under different operating states(maximum magnetization, rated operation and maximum demagnetization) are revealed. The influences of the field current passing through the zero point on the copper loss of the field winding and the temperature rise distribution are analyzed, and the selection principle of the field current passing through the zero point is determined. At the same time,the influences of wind speed and heat dissipation area on the temperature rise of generator are analyzed.The thermal test of the prototype of is carried out. The accuracy of the calculated results is verified by comparing the experimental results with the calculated results.
The structure, loss distribution, heat dissipation condition and running state of hybrid excited wind generators are complex. Taking a 100 kW hybrid excited wind generator as an example, the thermal analysis of the generator is carried out by the finite element method, and the temperature rise distributions of the generator under different operating states(maximum magnetization, rated operation and maximum demagnetization) are revealed. The influences of the field current passing through the zero point on the copper loss of the field winding and the temperature rise distribution are analyzed, and the selection principle of the field current passing through the zero point is determined. At the same time,the influences of wind speed and heat dissipation area on the temperature rise of generator are analyzed.The thermal test of the prototype of is carried out. The accuracy of the calculated results is verified by comparing the experimental results with the calculated results.
引文
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[2]李立毅,张江鹏,闫海媛,等.高功率密度电机三维温度场计算及导热优化研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(13):3642-3650.Li Liyi,Zhang Jiangpeng,Yan Haiyuan,et al.Study on the optimization of thermal conductivity and 3Dtemperature filed calculation for the high power density motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(13):3642-3650.
[3]丁树业,郭保成,冯海军,等.变频控制下永磁同步电机温度场分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(9):1368-1375.Ding Shuye,Guo Baocheng,Feng Haijun,et al.Temperature field investigation of permanent magnetsynchronous motors controlled by the frequencyconversion control system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(9):1368-1375.
[4]王晓远,杜静娟.应用CFD流固耦合热分析车用高功率密度电机的水冷系统[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(9):30-38.Wang Xiaoyuan,Du Jingjuan.Design and analysis of water cooling system for HEVs high-power-density motor using CFD and thermal technology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(9):30-38.
[5]王晓远,高鹏.等效热网络法和有限元法在轮毂电机温度场计算中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(16):26-33.Wang Xiaoyuan,Gao Peng.Application of equivalent thermal network method and finite element method in temperature calculation of in-wheel motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(16):26-33.
[6]张凤阁,杜光辉,王天煜,等.应用CFD流固耦合热分析车用高功率密度电机的水冷系统[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(增刊1):66-72.Zhang Fengge,Du Guanghui,Wang Tianyu,et al.Design and analysis of water cooling system for HEVs high-power-density motor using CFD and thermal technology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(S1):66-72.
[7]佟文明,孙静阳,舒圣浪,等.不同数值方法在自扇冷永磁同步电机三维热分析中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(增刊1):151-159.Tong Wenming,Sun Jingyang,Shu Shenglang,et al.Application of different numerical methods in 3Dthermal analysis for fan-ventilated permanent magnet synchronous machines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(S1):151-159.
[8]佟文明,孙静阳,程雪斌,等.非晶合金铁心叠片导热系数测试与电机热分析[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(15):42-49.Tong Wenming,Sun Jingyang,Cheng Xuebin,et al.Thermal conductivity measurement of amorphous alloy laminated core and thermal analysis of amorphous alloy motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(15):42-49.
[9]佟文明,孙静阳,吴胜男.全封闭高速永磁电机转子结构对转子散热的影响[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(22):91-100.Tong Wenming,Sun Jingyang,Wu Shengnan.Effect of rotor structure on rotor dissipation for totallyenclosed high-speed permanent magnet motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(22):91-100.
[10]佟文明,程雪斌,孙静阳,等.转子风刺对高速永磁电机永磁体温升的抑制作用[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1526-1534.Tong Wenming,Cheng Xuebin,Sun Jingyang,et al.Suppression effect of rotor wafters on permanent magnet temperature rise for high-speed permanent magnet motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1526-1534.
[11]Zhang Shukuan,Li Weili,Li Jinyang,et al.Research on flow rule and thermal dissipation between the rotor poles of a fully air-cooled hydro-generator[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(6):3430-3437.
[12]李伟力,李金阳,李丹.变截面转子通风沟对全空冷水轮发电机转子温度场和流体场的影响[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(增刊2):42-49.Li Weili,Li Jinyang,Li Dan.Influence of variable section rotor ventilation ducts on temperature and fluid fields of a full air-cooled large hydro-generator rotor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(S2):42-49.
[13]Fan Xinggang,Qu Ronghai,Li Jian,et al.Ventilation and thermal improvement of radial forced air-cooled FSCW permanent magnet synchronous wind generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2017,53(4):3447-3456.
[14]Camilleri R,Howey D A,McCulloch M D.Predicting the temperature and flow distribution in a direct oilcooled electrical machine with segmented stator[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(1):82-91.
[15]Chong Y C,Subiabre E J P E,Mueller M A,et al.The ventilation effect on stator convective heat transfer of an axial-flux permanent magnet machine[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(8):4392-4403.
[16]Nerg J,Rilla M,Pyrhonen J.Thermal analysis of radial flux electrical machines with a high power density[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(10):3543-3554.
[17]Traxler-Samek G,Zickermann R,Schwery A.Cooling airflow,losses,and temperatures in large air-cooled synchronous machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(1):172-180.
[18]刘万振.混合励磁风力发电机设计及研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2010.
[19]陶文铨.数值传热学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.
[20]陈世坤.电机设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000.