安徽省重要矿产矿床成矿系列研究
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摘要
安徽省地处华北陆块、秦岭—大别造山带和扬子陆块三个Ⅱ级构造单元的拼合部位,构造活动强烈,矿产资源较丰富。主要成矿作用有沉积作用、沉积变质作用、岩浆作用与风化作用等。省内地层从新太古界到第四系均有出露,沉积类型多样,伴随着沉积作用形成了丰富的煤、石煤、岩盐、石膏、铁、锰、硫、磷、重晶石矿床及铜、钼、银等矿化层;沉积变质作用形成了丰富的铁、锰、磷、菱镁矿床;岩浆活动强烈,金属矿床大都与燕山期中基性-中酸性侵入岩、浅成斑岩及中基性火山岩有关;与风化作用有关的矿化以砂金、锰、金红石、稀土、磷等为主。文章在安徽省矿产资源潜力评价项目研究的基础上,系统总结了省内主要矿床成矿作用特征,依据"全国矿床成矿系列"方案将全省矿产资源划分为21个成矿系列、31个成矿亚系列,并归并为5个成矿系列组合,其基本涵盖了省内目前已发现的所有金属矿产和部分非金属及化工矿产。对成矿亚系列进行了重点描述,其对深入研究安徽省区域成矿规律和指导矿产勘查工作具有参考意义。
Lying in the juncture of three classⅡgeotectonic units(North China plate,Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt and Yangtze plate)Anhui Province is characterized by intense tectonic movements and rich mineral resources.The ore-forming process includes sedimentation,sedimentary metamorphism,magmatism and weathering;All strata From Neo-Archaeozoic to Quaternary are well developed and widely distributed.Abundant sedimentary ore deposits were found from different ages of strata,such as coal,stone coal,halite,gypsum,iron,manganese,sulfur,phosphorus,barite and mineralized layer of copper,molybdenum,argentums;Many of iron,manganese,phosphorus,magnesite are related to sedimentary metamorphism;In addition,magmatic activities were very strong,especially in Yanshan period.Many of metallic deposit are related to intermediate-mafic—intermediate-acid intrusions,hypabyssal porphyry and intermediate-mafic volcanicrocks;Placer gold,manganese,rutile,rare earth and phosphorus are related to weathering.Based on the assessment of mineral resource potential of Anhui Province,this paper summarizes the major mineralization characteristics;According to the academic thought of minerogenetic series in regional metallogeny(Chen,et al,2006),21 minerogenetic series and 31 minerogenetic sub-series are recognized here.Furthermore,they are classified to 5 series groups;Specifically,minerogenetic sub-series were mainly introduced.Almost all of the metallic ore deposits,part of non-metallic ore deposits and chemical mineral resources are included in such a classification of minerogenetic series.This classification is of far-reaching significance for studying the regional metallogenic regularity and mineral exploration in Anhui province.
Lying in the juncture of three classⅡgeotectonic units(North China plate,Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt and Yangtze plate)Anhui Province is characterized by intense tectonic movements and rich mineral resources.The ore-forming process includes sedimentation,sedimentary metamorphism,magmatism and weathering;All strata From Neo-Archaeozoic to Quaternary are well developed and widely distributed.Abundant sedimentary ore deposits were found from different ages of strata,such as coal,stone coal,halite,gypsum,iron,manganese,sulfur,phosphorus,barite and mineralized layer of copper,molybdenum,argentums;Many of iron,manganese,phosphorus,magnesite are related to sedimentary metamorphism;In addition,magmatic activities were very strong,especially in Yanshan period.Many of metallic deposit are related to intermediate-mafic—intermediate-acid intrusions,hypabyssal porphyry and intermediate-mafic volcanicrocks;Placer gold,manganese,rutile,rare earth and phosphorus are related to weathering.Based on the assessment of mineral resource potential of Anhui Province,this paper summarizes the major mineralization characteristics;According to the academic thought of minerogenetic series in regional metallogeny(Chen,et al,2006),21 minerogenetic series and 31 minerogenetic sub-series are recognized here.Furthermore,they are classified to 5 series groups;Specifically,minerogenetic sub-series were mainly introduced.Almost all of the metallic ore deposits,part of non-metallic ore deposits and chemical mineral resources are included in such a classification of minerogenetic series.This classification is of far-reaching significance for studying the regional metallogenic regularity and mineral exploration in Anhui province.
引文
[1]程裕淇,陈毓川,赵一鸣.初论矿床的成矿系列问题[J].地球学报,1979,1(1):32-58.
[2]程裕淇,陈毓川,赵一鸣,等.再论矿床成矿系列问题[J].地球学报,1983,5(6)1-66.
[3]陈毓川,裴荣富,王登红.三论矿床的成矿系列问题[J].地质学报,2006,80(10):1501-1508.
[4]陈毓川,王登红,朱裕生,等.中国成矿体系与区域成矿评价[M].北京:地质出版社,2007:1-462.
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[6]孙家富.长江中下游成矿带成矿系列及其地质背景[J].大地构造与成矿学,1992,16(2):155-156.
[7]张少斌,范永香.玢岩型铁硫多金属矿床系列[J].地质找矿论丛,1993,8(3):63-70.
[8]彭三国,龙宝林,李书涛,等.武当-桐柏-大别成矿带成矿地质特征与找矿方向[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,2013:1-201.
[9]储国正.安徽沿江地区铜金多金属矿化系列及其相互关系[J].安徽地质,1999,9(1):45-53.
[10]胡文瑄,任启江,徐兆文.从地质环境演化看宁芜-庐枞地区成矿系列与找矿方向[J].地质学刊,1993,17(2):65-72.
[11]崔彬.安徽铜陵地区花岗岩类的演化与铜金成矿系列[J].世界地质,1988,7(4):29-34.
[12]黄许陈,储国正.铜陵地区矿床类型、成矿系列与成矿特征[J].安徽地质,1992,2(4):53-60.
[13]唐永成,曹静平,支利庚,等.皖东南区域地质矿产评价[M].北京:地质出版社,2010:1-48.
[14]刘怀雪,谢礼国.安徽省煤炭资源[J].安徽地质,2002,12(2):120-123.
[15]蒙义峰,杨竹森,曾普胜,等.铜陵矿集区成矿流体系统时限的初步厘定[J].矿床地质,2004,23(3):271-280.
[16]谢华光,王文斌,李文达.安徽新桥铜硫矿床成矿时代及成矿物质来源[J].火山地质与矿产,1995,16(2):101-107.
[17]李儒峰,刘本培,赵澄林.扬子板块石炭纪沉积层序及其全球性对比研究[J].沉积学报,1997,15(3):23-28.
[18]许卫,岳书仓,杜建国,等.安徽贵池地区二叠纪孤峰组含锰岩系稳定同位素特征[J].地质通报,2002,24(8):778-782.
[19]柳永清,高林志,刘燕学,等.徐淮地区新元古代初期镁铁质岩浆事件的锆石U-Pb定年[J].科学通报,2005,50(2):2514-2521.
[20]李全海,方招信,章中久,等.淮北矽卡岩型铁(铜)多金属矿床成矿模式的研究[J].安徽地质,2009,19(1):27-34.
[21]李建设,吴礼彬,金世恒.蚌埠隆起区金矿控矿条件及找矿信息标志研究[J].安徽地质,2002,12(1):49-55.
[22]姚孝德,杜建国,许卫,等.安徽省铜陵地区区域成矿模式[J].合肥工业大学学报,2012,35(7):65-76.
[23]万秋,杜建国.铜陵深部成矿与找矿方向探讨[J].西北地质,2015,48(2):205-215.
[24]毛景文,Holly Stein,杜安道,等.长江中下游地区铜金(钼)矿Re-Os年龄测定及其对成矿作用的指示[J].地质学报,2004,78(1):121-131.
[25]吴才来,董树文,国和平,等.铜陵狮子山地区中酸性侵入岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及岩浆作用的深部过程[J].岩石学报,2008,24(8):1801-1812.
[26]吴淦国,张达,狄永军,等.铜陵矿集区侵入岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其深部动力学背景[J].中国科学:D辑,2008,38(5):630-645.
[27]谢建成,杨晓勇,杜建国,等.铜陵地区中生代侵入岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学及Cu-Au成矿指示意义[J].岩石学报,2008,24(8):1782-1800.
[28]范裕,周涛发,袁峰,等.宁芜盆地闪长玢岩的形成时代及对成矿的指示意义[J].岩石学报,2010,26(9):2715-2728.
[29]曾键年,覃永军,郭坤一,等.安徽庐枞盆地含矿岩浆岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其对成矿时限的制约[J].地质学报,2010,84(4):466-478.
[30]覃永军,曾健年,曾勇,等.安徽南部庐枞盆地罗河-泥河含矿辉石粗安玢岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及其地质意义[J].地质通报,2010,29(6):851-862.
[31]周涛发,范裕,袁峰,等.庐枞盆地侵入岩的时空框架及其对成矿制约[J].岩石学报,2010,26(9):2694-2714.
[32]吴明安,侯明金,赵文广.安徽省庐枞地区成矿规律及找矿方向[J].资源调查与环境,2007,28(4):269-277.
[33]吴礼彬,陈芳,杜建国,等.安徽庐枞地区铁矿成矿条件分析和综合信息标志研究[J].地质通报,2010,29(10):1572-1578.
[34]谢玉玲,李腊梅,郭翔,等.安徽西冲钼矿床细粒花岗岩的岩石定年、岩石化学及与成矿的关系研究[J].岩石学报,2015,31(7):1929-1942.
[35]陈红瑾,陈衍景,张静,等.安徽省金寨县沙坪沟钼矿含矿岩体锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征及其地质意义[J].岩石学报,2013,29(1):131-145.
[36]黄凡,王登红,陆三明,等.安徽省金寨县沙坪沟钼矿辉钼矿Re-Os年龄-兼论东秦岭-大别山中生代钼成矿作用期次划分[J].矿床地质,2011,30(6):1039-1057.
[2]程裕淇,陈毓川,赵一鸣,等.再论矿床成矿系列问题[J].地球学报,1983,5(6)1-66.
[3]陈毓川,裴荣富,王登红.三论矿床的成矿系列问题[J].地质学报,2006,80(10):1501-1508.
[4]陈毓川,王登红,朱裕生,等.中国成矿体系与区域成矿评价[M].北京:地质出版社,2007:1-462.
[5]常印佛,刘湘培,吴言昌,等.长江中下游铜铁成矿带[M].北京:地质出版社,1991:1-379.
[6]孙家富.长江中下游成矿带成矿系列及其地质背景[J].大地构造与成矿学,1992,16(2):155-156.
[7]张少斌,范永香.玢岩型铁硫多金属矿床系列[J].地质找矿论丛,1993,8(3):63-70.
[8]彭三国,龙宝林,李书涛,等.武当-桐柏-大别成矿带成矿地质特征与找矿方向[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,2013:1-201.
[9]储国正.安徽沿江地区铜金多金属矿化系列及其相互关系[J].安徽地质,1999,9(1):45-53.
[10]胡文瑄,任启江,徐兆文.从地质环境演化看宁芜-庐枞地区成矿系列与找矿方向[J].地质学刊,1993,17(2):65-72.
[11]崔彬.安徽铜陵地区花岗岩类的演化与铜金成矿系列[J].世界地质,1988,7(4):29-34.
[12]黄许陈,储国正.铜陵地区矿床类型、成矿系列与成矿特征[J].安徽地质,1992,2(4):53-60.
[13]唐永成,曹静平,支利庚,等.皖东南区域地质矿产评价[M].北京:地质出版社,2010:1-48.
[14]刘怀雪,谢礼国.安徽省煤炭资源[J].安徽地质,2002,12(2):120-123.
[15]蒙义峰,杨竹森,曾普胜,等.铜陵矿集区成矿流体系统时限的初步厘定[J].矿床地质,2004,23(3):271-280.
[16]谢华光,王文斌,李文达.安徽新桥铜硫矿床成矿时代及成矿物质来源[J].火山地质与矿产,1995,16(2):101-107.
[17]李儒峰,刘本培,赵澄林.扬子板块石炭纪沉积层序及其全球性对比研究[J].沉积学报,1997,15(3):23-28.
[18]许卫,岳书仓,杜建国,等.安徽贵池地区二叠纪孤峰组含锰岩系稳定同位素特征[J].地质通报,2002,24(8):778-782.
[19]柳永清,高林志,刘燕学,等.徐淮地区新元古代初期镁铁质岩浆事件的锆石U-Pb定年[J].科学通报,2005,50(2):2514-2521.
[20]李全海,方招信,章中久,等.淮北矽卡岩型铁(铜)多金属矿床成矿模式的研究[J].安徽地质,2009,19(1):27-34.
[21]李建设,吴礼彬,金世恒.蚌埠隆起区金矿控矿条件及找矿信息标志研究[J].安徽地质,2002,12(1):49-55.
[22]姚孝德,杜建国,许卫,等.安徽省铜陵地区区域成矿模式[J].合肥工业大学学报,2012,35(7):65-76.
[23]万秋,杜建国.铜陵深部成矿与找矿方向探讨[J].西北地质,2015,48(2):205-215.
[24]毛景文,Holly Stein,杜安道,等.长江中下游地区铜金(钼)矿Re-Os年龄测定及其对成矿作用的指示[J].地质学报,2004,78(1):121-131.
[25]吴才来,董树文,国和平,等.铜陵狮子山地区中酸性侵入岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及岩浆作用的深部过程[J].岩石学报,2008,24(8):1801-1812.
[26]吴淦国,张达,狄永军,等.铜陵矿集区侵入岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其深部动力学背景[J].中国科学:D辑,2008,38(5):630-645.
[27]谢建成,杨晓勇,杜建国,等.铜陵地区中生代侵入岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学及Cu-Au成矿指示意义[J].岩石学报,2008,24(8):1782-1800.
[28]范裕,周涛发,袁峰,等.宁芜盆地闪长玢岩的形成时代及对成矿的指示意义[J].岩石学报,2010,26(9):2715-2728.
[29]曾键年,覃永军,郭坤一,等.安徽庐枞盆地含矿岩浆岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其对成矿时限的制约[J].地质学报,2010,84(4):466-478.
[30]覃永军,曾健年,曾勇,等.安徽南部庐枞盆地罗河-泥河含矿辉石粗安玢岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及其地质意义[J].地质通报,2010,29(6):851-862.
[31]周涛发,范裕,袁峰,等.庐枞盆地侵入岩的时空框架及其对成矿制约[J].岩石学报,2010,26(9):2694-2714.
[32]吴明安,侯明金,赵文广.安徽省庐枞地区成矿规律及找矿方向[J].资源调查与环境,2007,28(4):269-277.
[33]吴礼彬,陈芳,杜建国,等.安徽庐枞地区铁矿成矿条件分析和综合信息标志研究[J].地质通报,2010,29(10):1572-1578.
[34]谢玉玲,李腊梅,郭翔,等.安徽西冲钼矿床细粒花岗岩的岩石定年、岩石化学及与成矿的关系研究[J].岩石学报,2015,31(7):1929-1942.
[35]陈红瑾,陈衍景,张静,等.安徽省金寨县沙坪沟钼矿含矿岩体锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征及其地质意义[J].岩石学报,2013,29(1):131-145.
[36]黄凡,王登红,陆三明,等.安徽省金寨县沙坪沟钼矿辉钼矿Re-Os年龄-兼论东秦岭-大别山中生代钼成矿作用期次划分[J].矿床地质,2011,30(6):1039-1057.