极压石墨烯润滑油添加剂的制备与应用
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摘要
石墨烯是一种具有优异自润滑、力学和热学等特性的新型材料,虽然在润滑油领域具有很好的应用前景,但因其在润滑油中的分散性较差、容易团聚而限制了它的广泛应用。通过在石墨烯表面接枝长链烷烃得到了亲油型改性石墨烯(MGM),且改进了润滑油添加剂(LOA)的配方以加强润滑油和石墨烯的相互作用、促进石墨烯的稳定分散并协同石墨烯发挥润滑作用,最终得到了具有极佳助润滑性能和稳定分散性的石墨烯润滑油添加剂(MGLOA)。结果表明,MGM和LOA在其它市售润滑油中的最佳添加量分别为0.004%(质量)和5%(质量),此时润滑油的极压润滑性能能够提高11倍以上,且在应用过程中展现出了很好的降温、降噪和减振作用。
Since graphene was discovered, the application of graphene in the field of lubricants had been paid much attention originating from its excellent self-lubrication, mechanical and thermal properties. However, graphene had poor dispersion and easily reunited in oil, which is the key factor limiting the use of graphene in lubricants. To obtain the graphene lubricant additive(MGLOA) with excellent lubrication performance and stable dispersibility,long chain alkanes were grafted on the surfaces of graphene and the oleophilic modified graphene microchip(MGM)was obtained. Otherwise, the formula of lubricant additives(LOA) had been improved to strengthen the interactionbetween MGM and LOA, which was conducive to further promote the stable dispersion of MGM and showedsynergistic lubrication with MGM. The results indicated that the use of MGM and/or LOA can fantastic increase theextreme-pressure lubrication performance of commercial lubricating oils and the optimal amount of MGM and LOAin other lubricants was 0.004 %(mass) and 5%(mass), respectively. The pressure lubrication performances oflubricating oils with 5%(mass) MGLOA-800(MGM has a content of 0.08 %(mass) in LOA) were improved morethan 11 times process. And in application, the process shows good cooling, noise reduction and vibration reduction.
Since graphene was discovered, the application of graphene in the field of lubricants had been paid much attention originating from its excellent self-lubrication, mechanical and thermal properties. However, graphene had poor dispersion and easily reunited in oil, which is the key factor limiting the use of graphene in lubricants. To obtain the graphene lubricant additive(MGLOA) with excellent lubrication performance and stable dispersibility,long chain alkanes were grafted on the surfaces of graphene and the oleophilic modified graphene microchip(MGM)was obtained. Otherwise, the formula of lubricant additives(LOA) had been improved to strengthen the interactionbetween MGM and LOA, which was conducive to further promote the stable dispersion of MGM and showedsynergistic lubrication with MGM. The results indicated that the use of MGM and/or LOA can fantastic increase theextreme-pressure lubrication performance of commercial lubricating oils and the optimal amount of MGM and LOAin other lubricants was 0.004 %(mass) and 5%(mass), respectively. The pressure lubrication performances oflubricating oils with 5%(mass) MGLOA-800(MGM has a content of 0.08 %(mass) in LOA) were improved morethan 11 times process. And in application, the process shows good cooling, noise reduction and vibration reduction.
引文
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[2] Mu B, Li X, Yang B P, et al. Tribological behaviors of polyurethane composites containing self-lubricating microcapsules and reinforced by short carbon fibers[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer, 2017, 134(43):45331-45340.
[3] Xiao H P, Liu S H. 2D nanomaterials as lubricant additive:a review[J]. Materials&Design, 2017, 135:319-332.
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[7] Li Y R, Zhao J, Tang C, et al. Highly exfoliated reduced graphite oxide powders as efficient lubricant oil additives[J]. Advanced Mater Interfaces, 2016, 3(22):1600700-1600707.
[8] Liu X, Wang L Y, Wan Z G, et al. Electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of ionic liquid modified shear exfoliation graphene/CO-PA nanocomposites at extremely low graphene loading[J]. Polymer Composites, 2016, 38(S1):24016-24023.
[9]张姗姗,赵建国,张进,等.褶皱石墨烯球对润滑油摩擦性能的影响[J].化工学报, 2018, 69(10):4479-4485.Zhang S S, Zhao J G, Zhang J, et al. Effect of crumpled graphene balls on friction performance of base oil[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018,69(10):4479-4485.
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[16] Gupta B, Kumar N, Panda K, et al. Molecular-pillar-supported functionalized reduced graphene-oxide for energy efficient lubrication[J]. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2016, 3(13):1600161-1600169.
[17] Feng W, Long P, Feng Y Y, et al. Two-dimensional fluorinated graphene:synthesis, structures, properties and applications[J].Advanced Science, 2016, 3(7):1500413-1500434.
[18]陈宇飞,武耘仲,郭红缘,等.功能化石墨烯改性双马来酰亚胺复合材料的微观表征及性能[J].化工学报, 2018, 69(10):4456-4463.Chen Y F, Wu Y Z, Guo H Y, et al. Characteristic and properties of bismaleimide modified by functionalized[J]. CIESC Journal,2018, 69(10):4456-4463.
[19] Du S N, Sun J L, Wu P. Preparation, characterization and lubrication performances of grapheme oxide-TiO2nanofluid in rolling strips[J].Carbon, 2018, 140:338-351.
[20] Liu J Q, Tang J G, Gooding J J. Strategies for chemical modification of graphene and applications of chemically modified graphene[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012, 22:12435-12452.
[21] Martin D P, Tariq A, Richards B D O, et al. White light induced covalent modification of graphene using a phenazine dye[J].Chemical Communications, 2017, 53:10715-10718.
[22]周国民,张汉.对Timken试验机杠杆组的力学分析[J].摩擦学学报, 1982,(4):240-245.Zhou G M, Zhang H. Mechanical analysis of the lever group of Timken test machine[J]. Tribology, 1982,(4):240-245.
[23]夏延秋,刘维民,薛群基.四球机与梯母肯试验机承载能力的对比研究[C]//石治平.第一届国际机械工程学术会议论文集,北京:机械工业出版社, 2000:558.Xia Y Q, Liu W M, Xue Q J. A comparative study of the bearing capacity of the four-ball machine and the Timken machine[C]//Shi Z P. Proceedings of the first international conference on mechanical engineering. Beijing:Mechanical Industry Press,2000:558.
[24] Wei G, Scott W. The influence of surface roughness on the results of the Timkenlubricant extreme pressure test[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 1995, 35:357-361.
[25]饶娟,张盼,何帅,等.天然石墨利用现状及石墨制品综述[J].中国科学:技术科学, 2017, 47(1):13-31.Rao J, Zhang P, He S, et al. A review on the utilization of natural graphite and graphite-based materials[J]. Scientia Sinica Technologica, 2017, 47(1):13-31.
[26] Kim H R, Lee S H, Lee K H. Scalable production of large singlelayered graphenes by microwave exfoliation'in deionized water'[J]. Carbon, 2018, 134:431-438.
[27] Yang J S, Yang C L, Wang M S, et al. Crystallization of alkane melts induced by carbon nanotubes and graphene nanosheets:a molecular dynamics simulation study[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2011, 13:15476-15482.
[28] Duan Y Q, Sun Y, Wang L, et al. Enhanced methanol oxidation and CO tolerance using oxygen-passivated molybdenum phosphide/carbon supported Pt catalysts[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 4(20):7674-7682.
[29] Tang Q, Zhou Z, Chen Z F. Graphene-related nanomaterials:tuning properties by functionalization[J]. Nanoscale, 2013, 5:4541-4583.
[30] Nongbe M C, Ekou T, Ekou L, et al. Biodiesel production from palm oil using sulfonated graphene catalyst[J]. Renewable Energy,2017, 106:135-141.
[31] Zzeyani S, Mikou M, Naja J, et al. Spectroscopic analysis of synthetic lubricating oil[J]. Tribology International, 2017, 114:27-32.
[32] Bourque A J, Rutledge G C. Heterogeneous nucleation of an nalkane on graphene-like materials[J]. European Polymer Journal,2018, 104:64-71.
[33] Rissanou A N, Harmandaris V. Dynamics of various polymergraphene interfacial systems through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations[J]. Soft Matter, 2014, 10:2876-2888.
[34] Yu B, Wang K, Hu Y W, et al. Tribological properties of synthetic base oil containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane grafted graphene oxide[J]. RSC Advances, 2018, 8:23606-23614.
[35]曹丽娜.石墨烯润滑性能及其在润滑油中的应用[J].化工管理, 2018,(2):148-150.Cao L N. Graphene lubrication property and its application in lubricating oil[J]. Chemical Enterprise Management, 2018,(2):148-150.
[36] Lv T, Huang S Q, Liu E T, et al. Tribological and machining characteristics of an electrostatic minimum quantity lubrication(EMQL)technology using graphene nano-lubricants as cutting fluids[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2018, 34:225-237.
[37] Gupta B, Kumar N, Titovich K A, et al. Lubrication properties of chemically aged reduced graphene-oxide additives[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2017, 7:6-13.
[38] Zheng D, Wu Y P, Li Z Y, et al., Tribological properties of WS2/graphene nanocomposites as lubricating oil additives[J]. RSC Advances, 2017, 7:14060-14068.
[2] Mu B, Li X, Yang B P, et al. Tribological behaviors of polyurethane composites containing self-lubricating microcapsules and reinforced by short carbon fibers[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer, 2017, 134(43):45331-45340.
[3] Xiao H P, Liu S H. 2D nanomaterials as lubricant additive:a review[J]. Materials&Design, 2017, 135:319-332.
[4] Zhao J, Mao J Y, Li Y R, et al. Friction-induced nano-structural evolution of grapheme as a lubrication additive[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2018, 434(15):21-27.
[5] Plutnar J, Pumera M, Sofer Z. The chemistry of CVD grapheme[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2018, 6:6082-6101.
[6] Gao X, Chen L, Ji L, et al. Humidity-sensitive macroscopic lubrication behavior of an as-sprayed graphene oxide coating[J].Carbon, 2018, 140:124-130.
[7] Li Y R, Zhao J, Tang C, et al. Highly exfoliated reduced graphite oxide powders as efficient lubricant oil additives[J]. Advanced Mater Interfaces, 2016, 3(22):1600700-1600707.
[8] Liu X, Wang L Y, Wan Z G, et al. Electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of ionic liquid modified shear exfoliation graphene/CO-PA nanocomposites at extremely low graphene loading[J]. Polymer Composites, 2016, 38(S1):24016-24023.
[9]张姗姗,赵建国,张进,等.褶皱石墨烯球对润滑油摩擦性能的影响[J].化工学报, 2018, 69(10):4479-4485.Zhang S S, Zhao J G, Zhang J, et al. Effect of crumpled graphene balls on friction performance of base oil[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018,69(10):4479-4485.
[10] Waleed M A, Rouby E. Crumpled graphene:preparation and applications[J]. RSC Advances, 2015, 5(3):66767-66796.
[11] Tiwari A, Shukla S K. Surface Modification of Graphene[M].Advanced Carbon Materials and Technology. Hoboken:John Wiley&Sons, Inc., 2013:35-86.
[12] Senatore A, D'Agostino V, Petrone V, et al. Graphene oxide nanosheets as effective friction modifier for oil lubricant:materials, methods, and tribological results[J]. ISRN Tribology,2013. doi:10.5402/2013/425809.
[13] Reinert L, Varenberg M, Mückich F, et al. Dry friction and wear of self-lubricating carbon-nanotube-containing surfaces[J]. Wear,2018, 406/407(15):33-42.
[14] Bou?a D, Pumera M, Sedmidubsk?D, et al. Fine tuning of graphene properties by modification with aryl halogens[J].Nanoscale, 2016, 8:1493-1502.
[15] Ismail N A, Bagheri S. Highly oil-dispersed functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanosheets as lube oil friction modifier[J].Materials Science and Engineering B, 2017, 222:34-42.
[16] Gupta B, Kumar N, Panda K, et al. Molecular-pillar-supported functionalized reduced graphene-oxide for energy efficient lubrication[J]. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2016, 3(13):1600161-1600169.
[17] Feng W, Long P, Feng Y Y, et al. Two-dimensional fluorinated graphene:synthesis, structures, properties and applications[J].Advanced Science, 2016, 3(7):1500413-1500434.
[18]陈宇飞,武耘仲,郭红缘,等.功能化石墨烯改性双马来酰亚胺复合材料的微观表征及性能[J].化工学报, 2018, 69(10):4456-4463.Chen Y F, Wu Y Z, Guo H Y, et al. Characteristic and properties of bismaleimide modified by functionalized[J]. CIESC Journal,2018, 69(10):4456-4463.
[19] Du S N, Sun J L, Wu P. Preparation, characterization and lubrication performances of grapheme oxide-TiO2nanofluid in rolling strips[J].Carbon, 2018, 140:338-351.
[20] Liu J Q, Tang J G, Gooding J J. Strategies for chemical modification of graphene and applications of chemically modified graphene[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012, 22:12435-12452.
[21] Martin D P, Tariq A, Richards B D O, et al. White light induced covalent modification of graphene using a phenazine dye[J].Chemical Communications, 2017, 53:10715-10718.
[22]周国民,张汉.对Timken试验机杠杆组的力学分析[J].摩擦学学报, 1982,(4):240-245.Zhou G M, Zhang H. Mechanical analysis of the lever group of Timken test machine[J]. Tribology, 1982,(4):240-245.
[23]夏延秋,刘维民,薛群基.四球机与梯母肯试验机承载能力的对比研究[C]//石治平.第一届国际机械工程学术会议论文集,北京:机械工业出版社, 2000:558.Xia Y Q, Liu W M, Xue Q J. A comparative study of the bearing capacity of the four-ball machine and the Timken machine[C]//Shi Z P. Proceedings of the first international conference on mechanical engineering. Beijing:Mechanical Industry Press,2000:558.
[24] Wei G, Scott W. The influence of surface roughness on the results of the Timkenlubricant extreme pressure test[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 1995, 35:357-361.
[25]饶娟,张盼,何帅,等.天然石墨利用现状及石墨制品综述[J].中国科学:技术科学, 2017, 47(1):13-31.Rao J, Zhang P, He S, et al. A review on the utilization of natural graphite and graphite-based materials[J]. Scientia Sinica Technologica, 2017, 47(1):13-31.
[26] Kim H R, Lee S H, Lee K H. Scalable production of large singlelayered graphenes by microwave exfoliation'in deionized water'[J]. Carbon, 2018, 134:431-438.
[27] Yang J S, Yang C L, Wang M S, et al. Crystallization of alkane melts induced by carbon nanotubes and graphene nanosheets:a molecular dynamics simulation study[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2011, 13:15476-15482.
[28] Duan Y Q, Sun Y, Wang L, et al. Enhanced methanol oxidation and CO tolerance using oxygen-passivated molybdenum phosphide/carbon supported Pt catalysts[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 4(20):7674-7682.
[29] Tang Q, Zhou Z, Chen Z F. Graphene-related nanomaterials:tuning properties by functionalization[J]. Nanoscale, 2013, 5:4541-4583.
[30] Nongbe M C, Ekou T, Ekou L, et al. Biodiesel production from palm oil using sulfonated graphene catalyst[J]. Renewable Energy,2017, 106:135-141.
[31] Zzeyani S, Mikou M, Naja J, et al. Spectroscopic analysis of synthetic lubricating oil[J]. Tribology International, 2017, 114:27-32.
[32] Bourque A J, Rutledge G C. Heterogeneous nucleation of an nalkane on graphene-like materials[J]. European Polymer Journal,2018, 104:64-71.
[33] Rissanou A N, Harmandaris V. Dynamics of various polymergraphene interfacial systems through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations[J]. Soft Matter, 2014, 10:2876-2888.
[34] Yu B, Wang K, Hu Y W, et al. Tribological properties of synthetic base oil containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane grafted graphene oxide[J]. RSC Advances, 2018, 8:23606-23614.
[35]曹丽娜.石墨烯润滑性能及其在润滑油中的应用[J].化工管理, 2018,(2):148-150.Cao L N. Graphene lubrication property and its application in lubricating oil[J]. Chemical Enterprise Management, 2018,(2):148-150.
[36] Lv T, Huang S Q, Liu E T, et al. Tribological and machining characteristics of an electrostatic minimum quantity lubrication(EMQL)technology using graphene nano-lubricants as cutting fluids[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2018, 34:225-237.
[37] Gupta B, Kumar N, Titovich K A, et al. Lubrication properties of chemically aged reduced graphene-oxide additives[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2017, 7:6-13.
[38] Zheng D, Wu Y P, Li Z Y, et al., Tribological properties of WS2/graphene nanocomposites as lubricating oil additives[J]. RSC Advances, 2017, 7:14060-14068.