基于脑电信号溯源分析的观看3D电视导致大脑疲劳研究
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摘要
随着3D电视显示技术的普及,观看3D电视产生的大脑疲劳问题越来越受到关注。初步探讨长时间观看3D电视导致大脑疲劳的机理。采集20名受试者(男女比例1∶1)分别连续观看1 h 3D或2D影片前后各5 min的脑电信号,并使用主观疲劳问卷量表评估被试观看前后的疲劳状况。利用希尔伯特变换的方法,分析脑电各通道信号之间的同步性,探讨脑电信号的空间特性,并对观看2D/3D电视前后脑电信号进行溯源分析。主观疲劳问卷量表评估发现,长时间观看3D电视大脑会出现显著疲劳症状(P<0.01)。脑电信号溯源分析发现,长时间观看2D/3D电视后大部分脑区各频段电流源密度有所减小,但统计结果无显著性差异(P>0.05)。然而,观看3D电视后,枕叶在β2频段电流源密度显著增强(P<0.01),且观看3D电视后枕叶显著增强部分与主观疲劳因子显著相关(P<0.01)。观看3D电视后与观看2D电视后相比,缘上回(BA40),枕叶(BA18,BA19)和中央后回(BA3)等与空间视觉信息处理相关区域在β1频段电流密度分布显著增强(P<0.05),处于相对较活跃状态。因此,研究结果可以推测,长时间观看2D/3D电视后大脑会出现疲劳症状,相比观看2D电视,观看3D电视会加大枕叶和缘上回等局部脑区的处理负担,这可能是长时间观看3D电视更容易产生脑疲劳的原因。
With the popularization of 3DTV display technological,the mental fatigue caused by watching 3DTV is getting more and more attention. This paper aimed to explore the mental fatigue preliminary mechanism caused by prolonged watching of 3DTV. Five-minute EEG signals and subjective fatigue questionnaire forms from twenty subjects( sex ratio 1: 1) were collected separately before and after one-hour watching of 2D /3DTV.Hilbert transform was utilized to analyze the EEG signals' synchronism and spatial characteristics in different channels. Furthermore,the signal tracing analysis was used to localize the source of EEG activity. Based on the results of subjective fatigue questionnaire,significant mental fatigue was found one hour after watching 3DTV( P < 0. 01). Results indicated that the current density at the source was mostly reduced after watching 2D/3DTV with no significant differences( P > 0. 05). However,the current density of β2frequency band was significantly increased at occipital lobe after watching 3DTV( P < 0. 01),which was also greatly correlated to the subjective fatigue factor( P < 0. 01). Meanwhile,the current density of β1frequency band was significantly increased( P < 0. 05) after watching 3DTV at supramarginal gyrus( BA40),occipital lobe( BA18,BA19)and posterior central gyrus( BA3),which were related to the visual spatial information processing,compared with that of watching 2DTV. As a result,the brain would be in a state of fatigue after prolonged watching of2 D /3DTV. Compared with watching 2DTV,watching 3DTV would increase the burden of some local regions,such as occipital lobe and supramarginal gyrus,which might explain why it is easier to cause mental fatigue when watching 3DTV.
With the popularization of 3DTV display technological,the mental fatigue caused by watching 3DTV is getting more and more attention. This paper aimed to explore the mental fatigue preliminary mechanism caused by prolonged watching of 3DTV. Five-minute EEG signals and subjective fatigue questionnaire forms from twenty subjects( sex ratio 1: 1) were collected separately before and after one-hour watching of 2D /3DTV.Hilbert transform was utilized to analyze the EEG signals' synchronism and spatial characteristics in different channels. Furthermore,the signal tracing analysis was used to localize the source of EEG activity. Based on the results of subjective fatigue questionnaire,significant mental fatigue was found one hour after watching 3DTV( P < 0. 01). Results indicated that the current density at the source was mostly reduced after watching 2D/3DTV with no significant differences( P > 0. 05). However,the current density of β2frequency band was significantly increased at occipital lobe after watching 3DTV( P < 0. 01),which was also greatly correlated to the subjective fatigue factor( P < 0. 01). Meanwhile,the current density of β1frequency band was significantly increased( P < 0. 05) after watching 3DTV at supramarginal gyrus( BA40),occipital lobe( BA18,BA19)and posterior central gyrus( BA3),which were related to the visual spatial information processing,compared with that of watching 2DTV. As a result,the brain would be in a state of fatigue after prolonged watching of2 D /3DTV. Compared with watching 2DTV,watching 3DTV would increase the burden of some local regions,such as occipital lobe and supramarginal gyrus,which might explain why it is easier to cause mental fatigue when watching 3DTV.
引文
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[26]李欣鑫,李建英.优秀射箭运动员不同负荷状态下中枢神经递质及脑电复杂度变化的研究[J].体育科学,2015,2015(3):39-43.
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[2]王嘉辉,程义,李焜阳,等.3D显示方式与视差对视觉疲劳的影响研究[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2013,52(5):1-5.
[3]Park S,Won MJ,Lee EC,et al.Evaluation of 3D cognitive fatigue using heart-brain synchronization[J].International Journal of Psychophysiology,2015,97(2):120-130.
[4]Gutierrez J,Pérez P,Jaureguizar F,et al.Subjective assessment of the impact of transmission errors in 3DTV compared to HDTV[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2011,64(2):1-4.
[5]Hirvonen K,Puttonen S,Gould K,et al.Improving the saccade peak velocity measurement for detecting fatigue[J].Journal of Neuroscience Methods,2010,187(2):199-206.
[6]Lal SKL,Craig A.A critical review of the psychophysiology of driver fatigue[J].Biological Psychology,2001,55(3):173-194.
[7]张崇,郑崇勋,于晓琳.基于多心理生理参数和核学习算法的脑疲劳估计[J].科学通报,2008,53(12):1403-1413.
[8]王昊文.基于脑电的三维立体电视健康安全评价基础研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2013.
[9]Chen Chunxiao,Li Kun,Wu Qiuyi,et al.EEG-based detection and evaluation of fatigue caused by watching 3DTV[J].Display,2013,34(2):81-88.
[10]Schoffelen JM,Gross J.Source connectivity analysis with MEG and EEG[J].Human Brain Mapping,2009,30(6):1857-1865.
[11]Cao C,Slobounov S.Alteration of cortical functional connectivity as a result of traumatic brain injury revealed by graph theory,ICA,and s LORETA analyses of EEG signals[J].IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems&Rehabilitation Engineering,2010,18(1):11-19.
[12]Rodríguez A,Rey B,Clemente M,et al.Assessing brain activations associated with emotional regulation during virtual reality mood induction procedures[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2015,42(3):1699-1709.
[13]Lorenzo-López L,Amenedo E,Pascual-Marqui RD,et al.Neural correlates of age-related visual search decline:a combined ERP and s LORETA study[J].Neuroimage,2008,41(2):511-524.
[14]Hai MN,Matsumoto J,Tran AH,et al.s LORETA current source density analysis of evoked potentials for spatial updating in a virtual navigation task[J].Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience,2014,8(4):66-66.
[15]Kuze J,Ukai K.Subjective evaluation of visual fatigue caused by motion images[J].Displays,2008,29(2):159-166.
[16]Emotoa M,Nojiri Y,Okanoa F.Changes in fusionalvergence limit and its hysteresiafter viewing stereoscopic TV[J].Displays,2004,25(2-3):67-76.
[17]Wu J,Zhang J,Ding X,et al.The effects of music on brain functional networks:A network analysis[J].Neuroscience,2013,250(8):49-59.
[18]赵丽娜,王保强,尧德中.基于信号处理的脑电相位同步性分析方法研究[J].生物医学工程学杂志,2008,25(2):250-254.
[19]黄跃.脑功能连接的神经系统疾病机制研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2014.
[20]Pascual-Marqui RD.Standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography(s LORETA):Technical details[J].Methods&Findings in Experimental&Clinical Pharmacology,2002,24(Suppl D):5-12.
[21]Chen Chunxiao,Wang Jing,Li Kun,et al.Assessment visual fatigue of watching 3DTV using EEG power spectualparameters[J].Display,2014,35(5):266-272.
[22]刘苗苗,艾玲梅.驾驶疲劳脑电信号的多尺度熵分析[J].计算机技术与发展,2011,21(8):209-212.
[23]黄远桂.临床脑电图学[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1984:25-70
[24]Postma A,Winkel J,Tuiten A,et al.Sex differences and menstrual cycle effects in human spatial memory[J].Psychoneuroendocrinology,1999,24(2):175-192.
[25]张荣,张素兰.大脑半球功能的协调活动与创造性思维的养成[J].绵阳师范学院学报,2011,30(5):125-127.
[26]李欣鑫,李建英.优秀射箭运动员不同负荷状态下中枢神经递质及脑电复杂度变化的研究[J].体育科学,2015,2015(3):39-43.
[27]石立臣.基于脑电信号的警觉度估计研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2012.
[28]Burke MR,Bramley P,Gonzalez CC,et al.The contribution of the right supra-marginal gyrus to sequence learning in eye movements[J].Neuropsychologia,2013,51(14):3048-3056.
[29]Winawer J,Kay KN,Foster BL,et al.Asynchronous broadband signals are the principal source of the BOLD response in human visual cortex[J].Current Biology Cb,2013,23(13):1145-1153.