不同污泥浓度下缺氧FNA对硝化菌活性的影响
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摘要
为了考察不同污泥浓度(MLSS)下缺氧游离亚硝酸(FNA)对氨氧化菌(AOB)和亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)活性的抑制影响,采用序批式反应器(SBR),基于4种MLSS(8 398、11 254、15 998和19 637 mg·L~(-1))的全程硝化污泥条件下,通过批次试验深入研究4种MLSS下的全程硝化活性污泥经过缺氧FNA(初始浓度为1. 3 mg·L~(-1))处理48 h后,AOB和NOB活性的变化情况.结果表明,缺氧FNA处理活性污泥48 h后,p H值升高0. 9左右,NO2--N浓度并未明显下降;过曝气下,NH4+-N浓度逐渐降解至0 mg·L~(-1),NH4+-N去除速率逐渐升高至4. 4～6. 8 mg·(L·h)-1,并随着抑制MLSS的升高,其所用时越短;抑制MLSS为8 398、11 254、15 998和19 637 mg·L~(-1)时,分别过曝气0～396、0～396、0～372和0～168 h内,亚硝酸盐累积率(NAR)均大于92%,当分别曝气至468、468、444和264 h时,NO2--N浓度和NAR分别降为0 mg·L~(-1)和0%,NO3--N浓度均升高至最高,其值分别为42. 6、49. 9、42. 9和47. 9 mg·L~(-1).
This study investigated the inhibitory effect of free nitrous acid( FNA) on the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria( AOB)and nitrite oxidizing bacteria( NOB) under anoxic conditions with different mixed liquid suspended solids( MLSS). Sequencing batch reactors were used to study the changes in the activity of AOB and NOB in nitrifying activated sludge based on four different MLSS( 8 398,11 254,15 998,and 19 637 mg·L~(-1)),after treatment,under anoxic conditions with FNA( at an initial concentration of 1. 3 mg·L~(-1)) for 48 h. The results showed that the p H increased by approximately 0. 9,but the concentration of NO2--N did not decrease significantly. With over-aeration,the concentration of NH4+-N gradually degraded to 0 mg·L~(-1),and the removal rate of NH4+-N gradually increased to a maximum of 4. 4-6. 8 mg·( L·h)-1 which time used was shorter with the increase of the inhibition MLSS. The nitrite accumulation rate was more than 92% when the sludge concentration was 8 398,11 254,15 998,and 19 637 mg·L~(-1) and with over-aeration for 0-396 h,0-396 h,0-372 h,and 0-168 h,respectively. When aerated for 468 h,468 h,444 h,and 264 h,the NO2--N concentration and NAR decreased to 0,and NO3--N concentrations increased to their highest with the values of 42. 6,49. 9,42. 9,and 47. 9 mg·L~(-1) respectively.
This study investigated the inhibitory effect of free nitrous acid( FNA) on the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria( AOB)and nitrite oxidizing bacteria( NOB) under anoxic conditions with different mixed liquid suspended solids( MLSS). Sequencing batch reactors were used to study the changes in the activity of AOB and NOB in nitrifying activated sludge based on four different MLSS( 8 398,11 254,15 998,and 19 637 mg·L~(-1)),after treatment,under anoxic conditions with FNA( at an initial concentration of 1. 3 mg·L~(-1)) for 48 h. The results showed that the p H increased by approximately 0. 9,but the concentration of NO2--N did not decrease significantly. With over-aeration,the concentration of NH4+-N gradually degraded to 0 mg·L~(-1),and the removal rate of NH4+-N gradually increased to a maximum of 4. 4-6. 8 mg·( L·h)-1 which time used was shorter with the increase of the inhibition MLSS. The nitrite accumulation rate was more than 92% when the sludge concentration was 8 398,11 254,15 998,and 19 637 mg·L~(-1) and with over-aeration for 0-396 h,0-396 h,0-372 h,and 0-168 h,respectively. When aerated for 468 h,468 h,444 h,and 264 h,the NO2--N concentration and NAR decreased to 0,and NO3--N concentrations increased to their highest with the values of 42. 6,49. 9,42. 9,and 47. 9 mg·L~(-1) respectively.
引文
[1]郑平,徐向阳,胡宝兰.新型生物脱氮理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2004. 4145-4149.
[2]委燕,王淑莹,马斌,等.缺氧FNA对氨氧化菌和亚硝酸盐氧化菌的选择性抑菌效应[J].化工学报,2014,65(10):4145-4149.Wei Y,Wang S Y,Ma B,et al. Selective inhibition effect of free nitrous acid on ammonium oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria under anoxic condition[J]. CIESC Journal,2014,65(10):4145-4149.
[3] Siegrist H,Salzgeber D,Eugster J,et al. Anammox brings WWTP closer to energy autarky due to increased biogas production and reduced aeration energy for N-removal[J]. Water Science&Technology,2008,57(3):383-388.
[4] Ma B,Wang S Y,Cao S B,et al. Biological nitrogen removal from sewage via anammox:recent advances[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,200:981-990.
[5] Yang Y D,Zhang L,Shao H D,et al. Enhanced nutrients removal from municipal wastewater through biological phosphorus removal followed by partial nitritation/anammox[J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science&Engineering,2017,11(2):8.
[6] Yang Y D,Zhang L,Cheng J,et al. Microbial community evolution in partial nitritation/anammox process:from sidestream to mainstream[J]. Bioresource Technology,2018,251:327-333.
[7]孙洪伟,于雪,李维维,等.游离氨抑制Nitrobacter活性动力学试验[J].化工学报,2018,69(10):4386-4393.Sun H W,Yu X,Li W W,et al. Inhibitory kinetics of free ammonia on Nitrobacter[J]. CIESC Journal,2018,69(10):4386-4393.
[8]孙洪伟,吕心涛,魏雪芬,等.游离氨(FA)耦合曝气时间对硝化菌活性的抑制影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1075-1081.Sun H W,LüX T,Wei X F,et al. Synergetic inhibitory effect of free ammonia and aeration phase length control on the activity of nitrifying bacteria[J]. Environmental Science,2016,37(3):1075-1081.
[9]王凡,陆明羽,殷记强,等.反硝化-短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺处理晚期垃圾渗滤液的脱氮除碳性能[J].环境科学,2018,39(8):3782-3788.Wang F,Lu M Y,Yin J Q,et al. Treatment of old landfill leachate via a denitrification-partial nitritation-ANAMMOX process[J]. Environmental Science,2018,39(8):3782-3788.
[10] Zeng W,Zhang Y,Li L,et al. Control and optimization of nitrifying communities for nitritation from domestic wastewater at room temperatures[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2009,45(3):226-232.
[11] Zhang T,Wang B,Li X Y,et al. Achieving partial nitrification in a continuous post-denitrification reactor treating low C/N sewage[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2018,335:330-337.
[12] Tokutomi T. Operation of a nitrite-type airlift reactor at low DO concentration[J]. Water Science&Technology,2004,49(5-6):81-88.
[13] Ma Y,Peng Y Z,Wang S Y,et al. Achieving nitrogen removal via nitrite in a pilot-scale continuous pre-denitrification plant[J].Water Research,2009,43(3):563-572.
[14] Guo J H,Peng Y Z,Wang S Y,et al. Effective and robust partial nitrification to nitrite by real-time aeration duration control in an SBR treating domestic wastewater[J]. Process Biochemistry,2009,44(9):979-985.
[15] Blackburne R,Yuan Z G,Keller J. Demonstration of nitrogen removal via nitrite in a sequencing batch reactor treating domestic wastewater[J]. Water Research,2008,42(8-9):2166-2176.
[16]吕心涛.游离氨(FA)和游离亚硝酸(FNA)对亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)活性的影响试验研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2017. 47-48.Lv X T. Research on the effect of free ammonia(FA)and free nitrous acid(FNA)on the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria(NOB)acticity[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2017. 47-48.
[17] Vadivelu V M,Yuan Z G,Fux C,et al. The inhibitory effects of free nitrous acid on the energy generation and growth processes of an enriched Nitrobacter culture[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2006,40(14):4442-4448.
[18] Wang Q L, Ye L,Jiang G M, et al. Side-stream sludge treatment using free nitrous acid selectively eliminates nitrite oxidizing bacteria and achieves the nitrite pathway[J]. Water Research,2014,55:245-255.
[19] Ma B,Yang L,Wang Q L,et al. Inactivation and adaptation of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria when exposed to free nitrous acid[J]. Bioresource Technology,2017,245:1266-1270.
[20]国家环境保护局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第三版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,1997.
[21] Qian W T,Peng Y Z,Li X Y,et al. The inhibitory effects of free ammonia on ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria under anaerobic condition[J]. Bioresource Technology,2017,243:1247-1250.
[22]孙洪伟,于雪,李维维,等.游离亚硝酸抑制硝化杆菌属(Nitrobacter)活性动力学研究[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(11):4246-4254.Sun H W,Yu X,Li W W,et al. Inhibitory kinetics of free nitrous acid on Nitrobacter[J]. China Environmental Science,2018,38(11):4246-4254.
[23] Wang Z B,Zhang S J,Zhang L,et al. Restoration of real sewage partial nitritation-anammox process from nitrate accumulation using free nitrous acid treatment[J]. Bioresource Technology,2018,251:341-349.
[24] Yoon S S,Coakley R,Lau G W,et al. Anaerobic killing of mucoid pseudomonas aeruginosa by acidified nitrite derivatives under cystic fibrosis airway conditions[J]. Journal of Clinical Investigation,2006,116(2):436-446.
[25] Heaselgrave W,Andrew P W,Kilvington S. Acidified nitrite enhances hydrogen peroxide disinfection of Acanthamoeba,bacteria and fungi[J]. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,2010,65(6):1207-1214.
[26] Halliwell B,Hu M L,Louie S,et al. Interaction of nitrogen dioxide with human plasma antioxidant depletion and oxidative damage[J]. FEBS Letters,1992,313(1):62-66.
[2]委燕,王淑莹,马斌,等.缺氧FNA对氨氧化菌和亚硝酸盐氧化菌的选择性抑菌效应[J].化工学报,2014,65(10):4145-4149.Wei Y,Wang S Y,Ma B,et al. Selective inhibition effect of free nitrous acid on ammonium oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria under anoxic condition[J]. CIESC Journal,2014,65(10):4145-4149.
[3] Siegrist H,Salzgeber D,Eugster J,et al. Anammox brings WWTP closer to energy autarky due to increased biogas production and reduced aeration energy for N-removal[J]. Water Science&Technology,2008,57(3):383-388.
[4] Ma B,Wang S Y,Cao S B,et al. Biological nitrogen removal from sewage via anammox:recent advances[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,200:981-990.
[5] Yang Y D,Zhang L,Shao H D,et al. Enhanced nutrients removal from municipal wastewater through biological phosphorus removal followed by partial nitritation/anammox[J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science&Engineering,2017,11(2):8.
[6] Yang Y D,Zhang L,Cheng J,et al. Microbial community evolution in partial nitritation/anammox process:from sidestream to mainstream[J]. Bioresource Technology,2018,251:327-333.
[7]孙洪伟,于雪,李维维,等.游离氨抑制Nitrobacter活性动力学试验[J].化工学报,2018,69(10):4386-4393.Sun H W,Yu X,Li W W,et al. Inhibitory kinetics of free ammonia on Nitrobacter[J]. CIESC Journal,2018,69(10):4386-4393.
[8]孙洪伟,吕心涛,魏雪芬,等.游离氨(FA)耦合曝气时间对硝化菌活性的抑制影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1075-1081.Sun H W,LüX T,Wei X F,et al. Synergetic inhibitory effect of free ammonia and aeration phase length control on the activity of nitrifying bacteria[J]. Environmental Science,2016,37(3):1075-1081.
[9]王凡,陆明羽,殷记强,等.反硝化-短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺处理晚期垃圾渗滤液的脱氮除碳性能[J].环境科学,2018,39(8):3782-3788.Wang F,Lu M Y,Yin J Q,et al. Treatment of old landfill leachate via a denitrification-partial nitritation-ANAMMOX process[J]. Environmental Science,2018,39(8):3782-3788.
[10] Zeng W,Zhang Y,Li L,et al. Control and optimization of nitrifying communities for nitritation from domestic wastewater at room temperatures[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2009,45(3):226-232.
[11] Zhang T,Wang B,Li X Y,et al. Achieving partial nitrification in a continuous post-denitrification reactor treating low C/N sewage[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2018,335:330-337.
[12] Tokutomi T. Operation of a nitrite-type airlift reactor at low DO concentration[J]. Water Science&Technology,2004,49(5-6):81-88.
[13] Ma Y,Peng Y Z,Wang S Y,et al. Achieving nitrogen removal via nitrite in a pilot-scale continuous pre-denitrification plant[J].Water Research,2009,43(3):563-572.
[14] Guo J H,Peng Y Z,Wang S Y,et al. Effective and robust partial nitrification to nitrite by real-time aeration duration control in an SBR treating domestic wastewater[J]. Process Biochemistry,2009,44(9):979-985.
[15] Blackburne R,Yuan Z G,Keller J. Demonstration of nitrogen removal via nitrite in a sequencing batch reactor treating domestic wastewater[J]. Water Research,2008,42(8-9):2166-2176.
[16]吕心涛.游离氨(FA)和游离亚硝酸(FNA)对亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)活性的影响试验研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2017. 47-48.Lv X T. Research on the effect of free ammonia(FA)and free nitrous acid(FNA)on the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria(NOB)acticity[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2017. 47-48.
[17] Vadivelu V M,Yuan Z G,Fux C,et al. The inhibitory effects of free nitrous acid on the energy generation and growth processes of an enriched Nitrobacter culture[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2006,40(14):4442-4448.
[18] Wang Q L, Ye L,Jiang G M, et al. Side-stream sludge treatment using free nitrous acid selectively eliminates nitrite oxidizing bacteria and achieves the nitrite pathway[J]. Water Research,2014,55:245-255.
[19] Ma B,Yang L,Wang Q L,et al. Inactivation and adaptation of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria when exposed to free nitrous acid[J]. Bioresource Technology,2017,245:1266-1270.
[20]国家环境保护局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第三版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,1997.
[21] Qian W T,Peng Y Z,Li X Y,et al. The inhibitory effects of free ammonia on ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria under anaerobic condition[J]. Bioresource Technology,2017,243:1247-1250.
[22]孙洪伟,于雪,李维维,等.游离亚硝酸抑制硝化杆菌属(Nitrobacter)活性动力学研究[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(11):4246-4254.Sun H W,Yu X,Li W W,et al. Inhibitory kinetics of free nitrous acid on Nitrobacter[J]. China Environmental Science,2018,38(11):4246-4254.
[23] Wang Z B,Zhang S J,Zhang L,et al. Restoration of real sewage partial nitritation-anammox process from nitrate accumulation using free nitrous acid treatment[J]. Bioresource Technology,2018,251:341-349.
[24] Yoon S S,Coakley R,Lau G W,et al. Anaerobic killing of mucoid pseudomonas aeruginosa by acidified nitrite derivatives under cystic fibrosis airway conditions[J]. Journal of Clinical Investigation,2006,116(2):436-446.
[25] Heaselgrave W,Andrew P W,Kilvington S. Acidified nitrite enhances hydrogen peroxide disinfection of Acanthamoeba,bacteria and fungi[J]. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,2010,65(6):1207-1214.
[26] Halliwell B,Hu M L,Louie S,et al. Interaction of nitrogen dioxide with human plasma antioxidant depletion and oxidative damage[J]. FEBS Letters,1992,313(1):62-66.