贵州省安顺市餐饮业蝇类季节多样性研究
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摘要
目的调查安顺市餐饮业中常见蝇类,为改善餐饮环境和预防蝇类传播疾病提供依据。方法以安顺市人流量较大的酒店、饭店作为调查对象,以粘蝇板、糖水混合物收集标本后针插保存,各种类鉴定、计数后,运用α-多样性测度方法,对等级多样性指数、相似性系数(Sorenson)、均匀度指数(Pielou)、优势度指数(Berger-Parker)和物种丰富度指数进行计算。结果 2017年3月～2018年2月共捕获蝇类2科4亚科5属7种,共1 781只,其中蝇科占91.47%,共1 629只,丽蝇科占8.53%,共152只。结论蝇科全年丰富度指数最高(4),丽蝇科丰富度指数次之(3)。物种丰富度指数在夏季最高(7),秋季次之(5)。全年优势度指数厩腐蝇(0.3 717)最高,黄腹家蝇最低(0.0 836)。
Objective To investigate the common flies in the catering industry in Anshun,and to provide a basis for improving the catering environment and preventing fly-borne diseases.Methods The hotels and restaurants with a large flow of people in Anshun were used as survey objects.Needle-inserting specimens with a mixture of sugar water and flyboard were collected.After identification and counting,the α-diversity measurement method was used to calculate hierarchical diversity index,similarity coefficient(Sorenson),evenness index(Pielou),dominance index(Berger-parker) and species richness index.Results From March 2017 to February 2018,a total of 1 781 flies of 2 families and 4 subfamilies and 5 genera and 7 species were captured,among which the muscidae accounted for 91.47%,1 629 flies in total,and the calliphoridae accounted for 8.53%,152 flies in total.Conclusion The annual abundance index of the muscidae is the highest(4),and the richness index of the calliphoridae is second(3).The species richness index is the highest in summer(7),followed by autumn(5).The annual dominance index is the highest in the Muscina stabulans(0.3 717) and the lowest in the yellow-bellied Musca ventrosa(0.0 836).
Objective To investigate the common flies in the catering industry in Anshun,and to provide a basis for improving the catering environment and preventing fly-borne diseases.Methods The hotels and restaurants with a large flow of people in Anshun were used as survey objects.Needle-inserting specimens with a mixture of sugar water and flyboard were collected.After identification and counting,the α-diversity measurement method was used to calculate hierarchical diversity index,similarity coefficient(Sorenson),evenness index(Pielou),dominance index(Berger-parker) and species richness index.Results From March 2017 to February 2018,a total of 1 781 flies of 2 families and 4 subfamilies and 5 genera and 7 species were captured,among which the muscidae accounted for 91.47%,1 629 flies in total,and the calliphoridae accounted for 8.53%,152 flies in total.Conclusion The annual abundance index of the muscidae is the highest(4),and the richness index of the calliphoridae is second(3).The species richness index is the highest in summer(7),followed by autumn(5).The annual dominance index is the highest in the Muscina stabulans(0.3 717) and the lowest in the yellow-bellied Musca ventrosa(0.0 836).
引文
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[11]程小飞,李华荣,田青英,等.早竹林内蝇类多样性动态及其影响因子分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2015,61(1):223-236.
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[16]张永庆,梁广文,许益镌,等.广东南岭国家级自然保护区实蝇多样性研究[J].环境昆虫学报,2014,36(1):39-43.
[17]李德强,李正明,徐国宾,等.滇西南南汀河流域实蝇多样性研究[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2016,31(2):199-209.
[18]王涛,任艳玲,杨茂发,等.贵州兴义实蝇类昆虫多样性特征[J].昆虫学报,2015,58(5):569-578.
[19]叶宗茂.城市灭蝇[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
[20]赵勇,师鉴.河北省住区蝇类主要孳生场所调查结果分析[J].医学动物防制,2010,26(2):121-122.
[21]陶卉英,柳小青,马红梅,等.南昌市重点行业蝇类危害风险评估[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(5):491-494.
[22]冯炎,李光仕,石萍,等.四川雅安常见住区蝇类密度监测[J].生态学杂志,1991,10(6):62-66.
[23]薛万琦.中国蝇类[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1998.
[24]范滋德.中国常见蝇类检索表[M]. 2版.北京:科学出版社,1992.
[2]刘吉起,王广州,袁中良,等.河南省登封市中岳庙旅游景区瓣蝇类物种多样性[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2012,23(1):48-50.
[3]任宏伟,王明福.四川省峨眉山地区有瓣蝇类物种多样性初探[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2011,22(4):322-324.
[4]鲍毅新.金华城区蝇类多样性的研究[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2001,28(5):563-566.
[5]马红梅,陈海婴,柳小青,等.南昌城区蝇类组成、季节消长及多样性研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2009,20(5):401-403.
[6]周祎,庞为,邢俊. 2013年大连市不同生态环境蝇类密度及种群结构分析[J].中国校医,2014,28(11):839-841.
[7]陈佳木,李亚伦,高思维,等.马尾口岸蝇类生物多样性和携带病原微生物情况的研究[J].检验检疫学刊,2009,19(6):21-27.
[8]宋家乾,苏义德,赵勇.顺德口岸容奇港蝇类本底调查报告[J].口岸卫生控制,2012,17(5):49-51.
[9]孙晨,王明福.山西省芦芽山自然保护区有瓣蝇类物种多样性[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2011,22(1):19-21.
[10]李明月,王明福.山西省五台山地区有瓣蝇类区系分析及物种多样性[J].沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,32(3):332-336.
[11]程小飞,李华荣,田青英,等.早竹林内蝇类多样性动态及其影响因子分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2015,61(1):223-236.
[12]陈鹏,叶辉.云南西部实蝇的多样性[J].生态学报,2009,29(6):2953-2961.
[13]陈鹏,刘莉,袁瑞玲,等.滇西南实蝇的种类及其多样性分析[J].西部林业科学,2013,42(4):8-13.
[14]李伟东,刘福秀,周卫川,等.海南岛实蝇群落的多样性分析[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(12):2260-2266.
[15]刘莉.云南省西南地区实蝇类群的物种多样性[J].贵州农业科学,2012,40(12):82-84.
[16]张永庆,梁广文,许益镌,等.广东南岭国家级自然保护区实蝇多样性研究[J].环境昆虫学报,2014,36(1):39-43.
[17]李德强,李正明,徐国宾,等.滇西南南汀河流域实蝇多样性研究[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2016,31(2):199-209.
[18]王涛,任艳玲,杨茂发,等.贵州兴义实蝇类昆虫多样性特征[J].昆虫学报,2015,58(5):569-578.
[19]叶宗茂.城市灭蝇[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
[20]赵勇,师鉴.河北省住区蝇类主要孳生场所调查结果分析[J].医学动物防制,2010,26(2):121-122.
[21]陶卉英,柳小青,马红梅,等.南昌市重点行业蝇类危害风险评估[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(5):491-494.
[22]冯炎,李光仕,石萍,等.四川雅安常见住区蝇类密度监测[J].生态学杂志,1991,10(6):62-66.
[23]薛万琦.中国蝇类[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1998.
[24]范滋德.中国常见蝇类检索表[M]. 2版.北京:科学出版社,1992.