基于前缘锯齿形叶片的多翼离心风机数值分析与实验研究
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摘要
为减少叶片附近的涡流,降低多翼离心风机流场的流动损失和气动噪声,设计了一种具有锯齿形前缘的空调器用离心风机叶片。与常见改型叶片不同,并未从整个叶片宽度方向进行改进,仅从叶轮前盘沿叶片前缘的1/3叶轮宽度处开设锯齿结构。基于几何相似原理和FLUENT软件,对计算得出的不同锯齿结构进行数值模拟,结果显示:锯齿结构主要对聚集在靠近前盘的涡流进行破坏,蜗舌、叶片后缘和叶间涡流较原型叶片也明显减少,且降低了基频噪声。结果表明:在不同转速下,前缘锯齿形叶片多翼离心风机的整机风量较原型机基本不变,噪声值降低0.9～1.2 dB(A),输入功率降低2.75～3.55 W。说明具有锯齿形前缘结构的叶片,不仅能优化风机的风道性能,还能起到节能降噪的作用。
A serrated leading-edge blade for a multi-blade fan of an air conditioner is designed. The main objective is to reduce the vortex near the blade, thus reducing the flow loss and aerodynamic noise of the flow field of the multi-blade fan. Whereas it is different from the common reformed blade, no improvement in the width of the whole blade but a front disk along the leading edge by one-third of the impeller width was made. The various serrated structures were simulated based on the geometric-similarity principle using the FLUENT software. The simulated results show that the serrated structures destroyed the accumulated vortex close to the front disk. In contrast to the prototype blade, all vortices in the volute tongue, trailing edge, and internal leaves were obviously decreased with the use of the serrated blade. Meanwhile, the fundamental frequency noise was decreased. The experimental data indicated that the air volume of the leading-edge serrated blade of the centrifugal fan varied a little under different speeds. The noise and input power were decreased by 0.9-1.2 dB(A) and 2.75-3.55 W, respectively. Thus, the serrated leading-edge blade can not only benefit the air-duct performance but also play a role in energy savings and noise reduction.
A serrated leading-edge blade for a multi-blade fan of an air conditioner is designed. The main objective is to reduce the vortex near the blade, thus reducing the flow loss and aerodynamic noise of the flow field of the multi-blade fan. Whereas it is different from the common reformed blade, no improvement in the width of the whole blade but a front disk along the leading edge by one-third of the impeller width was made. The various serrated structures were simulated based on the geometric-similarity principle using the FLUENT software. The simulated results show that the serrated structures destroyed the accumulated vortex close to the front disk. In contrast to the prototype blade, all vortices in the volute tongue, trailing edge, and internal leaves were obviously decreased with the use of the serrated blade. Meanwhile, the fundamental frequency noise was decreased. The experimental data indicated that the air volume of the leading-edge serrated blade of the centrifugal fan varied a little under different speeds. The noise and input power were decreased by 0.9-1.2 dB(A) and 2.75-3.55 W, respectively. Thus, the serrated leading-edge blade can not only benefit the air-duct performance but also play a role in energy savings and noise reduction.
引文
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[11] 周水清, 李辉, 王军. 多翼离心风机气动噪声的数值分析[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2014, 35(4): 669-672. (ZHOU Shuiqing, LI Hui, WANG Jun. Numeric analysis of aerodynamic noise in multi-blade centrifugal fan[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2014, 35(4): 669-672.)
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[13] 陈聪聪, 耿文倩, 李景银. 抽油烟机内多翼离心风机蜗壳结构的数值优化[J]. 风机技术, 2016,58(4): 45-51. (CHEN Congcong, GENG Wenqian, LI Jingyin. Numerical optimization of the volute of a multi-blade centrifugal fan in range hood[J]. Compressor Blower & Fan Technology, 2016,58(4): 45-51.)
[14] 房间空气调节器:GB/T 7725—2004[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2004. (Room air conditioner: GB/T 7725—2004[S]. Beijing: China Standard Press, 2004.)
[15] 王嘉冰, 区颖达. 柜式空调用多翼离心通风机内流场的数值分析[J]. 风机技术, 2004,46(4): 23-29,17. (WANG Jiabing, OU Yingda. Numerical analysis of internal flow field of multi-blade centrifugal fan for floor standing air-conditioner[J]. Compressor Blower & Fan Technology, 2004,46(4): 23-29,17.)
[16] 颜建容, 谷正气, 李伟平. 汽车空调前向多翼离心通风机气动声学特性分析与优化[J]. 汽车工程, 2010, 32(6): 540-546. (YAN Jianrong, GU Zhengqi, LI Weiping. Analysis and optimization on the aerodynamic acoustic characteristics of forward-curved-multi-blade centrifugal fan in vehicle air conditioner[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2010, 32(6): 540-546.)
[2] LIU Xiaomin, TANG Hu, WANG Xing, et al. Noise reduction mechanism of bionic coupling blade based on the trailing edge of goshawk wing[J]. Journal of Xi′an Jiaotong University, 2012, 46(1): 36-41.
[3] 刘小民, 赵嘉, 李典. 单圆弧等厚度叶片前后缘多元耦合仿生设计及降噪机理研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2015, 49(3): 1-10. (LIU Xiaomin, ZHAO Jia, LI Dian. Noise reduction mechanism of single-arc bionic blade with wave shape leading edge coupled with serrated trailing edge[J]. Journal of Xi′an Jiaotong University, 2015, 49(3): 1-10.)
[4] CHEN Shuming, WANG Dengfeng, SUN Shaoming. Bionic fan optimization based on taguchi method[J]. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2011, 5(3): 302-314.
[5] JONES L E, SANDBERG R D. Direct numerical simulations of noise generated by the flow over an airfoil with trailing edge serrations[C]//15th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference (30th AIAA Aeroacoustics Conference). Reston, VA: AIAA, 2009:3195-3210.
[6] MOREAU D J, BROOKS L A, DOOLAN C J. On the noise reduction mechanism of a flat plate serrated trailing edge at low-to-moderate Reynolds number[C]//18th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference (33rd AIAA Aeroacoustics Conference). Reston, VA: AIAA, 2012: 2186-2205.
[7] LIN S C, HUANG C L. An integrated experimental and numerical study of forward curved centrifugal fan[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2002, 26(5): 421-434.)
[8] 毛全有. 多翼离心风机叶片分段设计的研究[J]. 机械科学与技术, 2010, 29(10): 1401-1403,1407. (MAO Quanyou. Layered design of a multi-blade centrifugal fan impeller[J]. Mechancial Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 2010, 29(10): 1401-1403,1407.)
[9] 李淼, 赵军. 小型多翼离心风机叶片斜切分析及试验研究[J]. 风机技术, 2012,54(4): 9-12,17. (LI Miao, ZHAO Jun. Research on beveling impellers in a miniature forward-curved multi-blade centrifugal fan and performance tests[J]. Compressor Blower & Fan Technology, 2012,54(4): 9-12,17.)
[10] 许文明. 柜式空调多翼离心风机的内部流场分析及实验研究[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2012. (XU Wenming. Internal flow analysis and experimental study on floor standing air-conditioner[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2012.)
[11] 周水清, 李辉, 王军. 多翼离心风机气动噪声的数值分析[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2014, 35(4): 669-672. (ZHOU Shuiqing, LI Hui, WANG Jun. Numeric analysis of aerodynamic noise in multi-blade centrifugal fan[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2014, 35(4): 669-672.)
[12] 李烁, 刘小民, 秦志刚. 偏心叶轮对多翼离心风机气动性能和噪声影响的数值研究[J]. 风机技术, 2017, 59(1): 18-24, 37. (LI Shuo, LIU Xiaomin, QIN Zhigang. Numerical study of the effects of an eccentric impeller on the aerodynamic performance and noise of a multi-blade centrifugal fan[J]. Compressor Blower & Fan Technology, 2017, 59(1): 18-24,37.)
[13] 陈聪聪, 耿文倩, 李景银. 抽油烟机内多翼离心风机蜗壳结构的数值优化[J]. 风机技术, 2016,58(4): 45-51. (CHEN Congcong, GENG Wenqian, LI Jingyin. Numerical optimization of the volute of a multi-blade centrifugal fan in range hood[J]. Compressor Blower & Fan Technology, 2016,58(4): 45-51.)
[14] 房间空气调节器:GB/T 7725—2004[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2004. (Room air conditioner: GB/T 7725—2004[S]. Beijing: China Standard Press, 2004.)
[15] 王嘉冰, 区颖达. 柜式空调用多翼离心通风机内流场的数值分析[J]. 风机技术, 2004,46(4): 23-29,17. (WANG Jiabing, OU Yingda. Numerical analysis of internal flow field of multi-blade centrifugal fan for floor standing air-conditioner[J]. Compressor Blower & Fan Technology, 2004,46(4): 23-29,17.)
[16] 颜建容, 谷正气, 李伟平. 汽车空调前向多翼离心通风机气动声学特性分析与优化[J]. 汽车工程, 2010, 32(6): 540-546. (YAN Jianrong, GU Zhengqi, LI Weiping. Analysis and optimization on the aerodynamic acoustic characteristics of forward-curved-multi-blade centrifugal fan in vehicle air conditioner[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2010, 32(6): 540-546.)