零售商代发货双渠道供应链的物流服务水平激励
|
摘要
针对双渠道零售商代发货供应链中存在的渠道冲突和代发货物流服务水平低下的问题,运用动态博弈理论,对传统批发价契约下的代发货双渠道供应链决策进行了分析,发现批发价契约运行的条件是物流服务需求弹性小于某阈值,此时零售商仅能提供行业最低物流服务水平。进一步将物流投资补贴引入供应链,研究发现:相比批发价契约,投资补贴契约的可行区间更大,代发货物流服务水平将更高,代发货物流服务费、两个渠道的市场价格等也将提高,最终提高制造商和零售商的利润。因此,投资补贴契约下的物流服务水平将得到更好的激励,供应链协调的效果更好。
Aiming at the channel conflict and low drop-shipping logistics service lever problems in retail drop-shipping double channel supply chain, the drop-shipping dual channel supply chain decision under traditional wholesale price contract was analyzed with dynamic game theory, and the fact that the running condition of wholesale price contract was logistics service demand elasticity less than a certain threshold was found, at which the retailer only provided the lowest logistics service level in industry. Further, the logistics investment subsidies were introduced into the supply chain, and the result showed that the investment subsidies contract's feasible interval was bigger compared with the wholesale price contract. The drop-shipping logistics service lever would be higher, and the drop-shipping logistics charge, the market prices of two channels would also be increase, eventually the profits of manufacturers and retailers would be improved. Therefore, the logistics service level would get a better incentive and the effect of supply chain coordination was better under the investment subsidies contract.
Aiming at the channel conflict and low drop-shipping logistics service lever problems in retail drop-shipping double channel supply chain, the drop-shipping dual channel supply chain decision under traditional wholesale price contract was analyzed with dynamic game theory, and the fact that the running condition of wholesale price contract was logistics service demand elasticity less than a certain threshold was found, at which the retailer only provided the lowest logistics service level in industry. Further, the logistics investment subsidies were introduced into the supply chain, and the result showed that the investment subsidies contract's feasible interval was bigger compared with the wholesale price contract. The drop-shipping logistics service lever would be higher, and the drop-shipping logistics charge, the market prices of two channels would also be increase, eventually the profits of manufacturers and retailers would be improved. Therefore, the logistics service level would get a better incentive and the effect of supply chain coordination was better under the investment subsidies contract.
引文
[1] WU Qing,DAN Bin.Third party logistics coordinating contracts with logistics service dependent market demand[J].Journal of Management Sciences in China,2008,10(5):64-75(in Chinese).[吴庆,但斌.物流服务水平影响市场需求变化的TPL协调合同[J].管理科学学报,2008,10(5):64-75.]
[2] LIU Jian,SHU Siliang.Service supply chain coordination based on influence of effort level[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2014,20(12):3125-3133(in Chinese).[柳键,舒斯亮.考虑努力水平影响的服务供应链协调[J].计算机集成制造系统,2014,20(12):3125-3133.]
[3] YOU Jianxin,LAO Shuiqin.Supply chain coordination involving logistics service quality of TPLSP[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science,2012,40(9):1422-1427(in Chinese).[尤建新,劳水琴.涉及第三方物流服务质量的供应链协调[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(9):1422-1427.]
[4] LIU Nan,WU Qiao,LU Qihui,et al.Research on coordination strategy of two-level supply chain with the logistic service provider involved[J].Soft Science,2011,25(10):125-129(in Chinese).[刘南,吴桥,鲁其辉,等.物流服务商参与时两级供应链的协调策略研究[J].软科学,2011,25(10):125-129.]
[5] FENG Ying,GU Jiamei.Coordination in a fresh agri-products supply chain considering TPL service provider’s leading priority[J].Systems Engineering,2016,34(11):112-118(in Chinese).[冯颖,顾佳美.考虑TPL主导优先权的生鲜农产品供应链协调[J].系统工程,2016,34(11):112-118.]
[6] FENG Ying,YU Yunlong,ZHANG Yanzhi,et al.Coordination of agri-products supply chain with TPL’s participation under random yield and random demand[J].Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management,2017,31(4):156-163(in Chinese).[冯颖,余云龙,张炎治,等.随机产出与随机需求下TPL介入的农产品供应链协调[J].管理工程学报,2017,31(4):156-163.]
[7] YU Yunlong,XIAO Tiaojun.Pricing and cold-chain service level decisions in a fresh agri-products supply chain with logistics outsourcing[J].Computers & Industrial Engineering,2017,111(9):56-66.
[8] XU Guangshu,SONG Zilong.Coordinating contract between fresh agricultural products e-business enterprise and logistics service provider—an analysis based on fresh agricultural products home delivery mode[J].Commercial Research,2017(2):151-159(in Chinese).[徐广姝,宋子龙.生鲜电商与物流服务商的契约协调——基于生鲜宅配模式的分析[J].商业研究,2017(2):151-159.]
[9] QIN Xinghong,SU Qiang,HONG Zhisheng,et al.Contract coordination mechanism between on online store and TPL under logistics service quality constraint[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science,2014,42(9):1444-1451(in Chinese).[秦星红,苏强,洪志生,等.服务质量约束下网络商店与物流服务商协调模型[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2014,42(9):1444-1451.]
[10] LI Jianfeng,HUANG Zuqing,CHEN Shiping,et al.Coordination mechanism of logistics service supply chain based on option[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2013,19(6):1377-1384(in Chinese).[李剑锋,黄祖庆,陈世平,等.基于期权的物流服务供应链协调机制[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(6):1377-1384.]
[11] YU Yue.Research on the coordination contract of dual-channel supply chain with logistics service dependent market demand[J].Southeast Academic Research,2015(3):133-139(in Chinese).[虞跃.物流服务水平影响需求下双渠道供应链协调契约研究[J].东南学术,2015(3):133-139.]
[12] CHIANG W K,FENG Y.Retailer or e-tailer?Strategic pricing and economic-lot-size decisions in a competitive supply chain with drop-shipping[J].Journal of the Operational Research Society,2010,61(11):1645-1653.
[13] GAN Xianghua,SETHI S P,ZHOU Jing.Commitment-penalty contracts in drop-shipping supply chains with asymmetric demand information[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2010,204(3):449-462.
[14] ZHAO Jinshi,DUAN Yongrui,WANG Shijin,et al.Coordinated drop shipping commitment contract in dual-distribution channel supply chain[J].Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations,2012,10(4):19-30.
[15] ZHAO Jinshi,DUAN Yongrui,WANG Shijin,et al.Performance comparative study in dual-distribution channel drop shipping supply chain based on different dominant positions[J].Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management,2013,27(1):171-177(in Chinese).[赵金实,段永瑞,王世进,等.不同主导权位置情况下零售商双渠道策略的绩效对比研究[J].管理工程学报,2013,27(1):171-177.]
[16] LI Ming.Coordinate the drop-shipping supply chain with price-dependent stochastic demand[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2011(in Chinese).[李明.考虑价格对需求影响的Drop-shipping供应链协调问题研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2011.]
[17] ZHANG Guangming,ZHAO Shinan.Study on dual-channel supply chain coordination of drop shipping by the e-tailer[J].Industrial Engineering Journal,2014,17(6):77-82(in Chinese).[张光明,赵士南.基于零售商代发货模式的双渠道供应链协调[J].工业工程,2014,17(6):77-82.]
[18] ZHANG Guangming,ZHAO Shinan.Research on dual-channel supply chain coordination of drop shipping by the retailer[J].Industrial Engineering and Management,2015,20(1):108-114(in Chinese).[张光明,赵士南.零售商代发货供应链的逆向收益共享契约模型[J].工业工程与管理,2015,20(1):108-114.]
[19] XIE Gang,YUE Wuyi,WANG Shouyang,et al.Quality investment and price decision in a risk-averse supply chain[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2011,214(2):403-410.
[20] YANG Feng,SHAN Feifei,JIN Minyue.Capacity investment under cost sharing contracts[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2017,191:278-285.
[2] LIU Jian,SHU Siliang.Service supply chain coordination based on influence of effort level[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2014,20(12):3125-3133(in Chinese).[柳键,舒斯亮.考虑努力水平影响的服务供应链协调[J].计算机集成制造系统,2014,20(12):3125-3133.]
[3] YOU Jianxin,LAO Shuiqin.Supply chain coordination involving logistics service quality of TPLSP[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science,2012,40(9):1422-1427(in Chinese).[尤建新,劳水琴.涉及第三方物流服务质量的供应链协调[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(9):1422-1427.]
[4] LIU Nan,WU Qiao,LU Qihui,et al.Research on coordination strategy of two-level supply chain with the logistic service provider involved[J].Soft Science,2011,25(10):125-129(in Chinese).[刘南,吴桥,鲁其辉,等.物流服务商参与时两级供应链的协调策略研究[J].软科学,2011,25(10):125-129.]
[5] FENG Ying,GU Jiamei.Coordination in a fresh agri-products supply chain considering TPL service provider’s leading priority[J].Systems Engineering,2016,34(11):112-118(in Chinese).[冯颖,顾佳美.考虑TPL主导优先权的生鲜农产品供应链协调[J].系统工程,2016,34(11):112-118.]
[6] FENG Ying,YU Yunlong,ZHANG Yanzhi,et al.Coordination of agri-products supply chain with TPL’s participation under random yield and random demand[J].Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management,2017,31(4):156-163(in Chinese).[冯颖,余云龙,张炎治,等.随机产出与随机需求下TPL介入的农产品供应链协调[J].管理工程学报,2017,31(4):156-163.]
[7] YU Yunlong,XIAO Tiaojun.Pricing and cold-chain service level decisions in a fresh agri-products supply chain with logistics outsourcing[J].Computers & Industrial Engineering,2017,111(9):56-66.
[8] XU Guangshu,SONG Zilong.Coordinating contract between fresh agricultural products e-business enterprise and logistics service provider—an analysis based on fresh agricultural products home delivery mode[J].Commercial Research,2017(2):151-159(in Chinese).[徐广姝,宋子龙.生鲜电商与物流服务商的契约协调——基于生鲜宅配模式的分析[J].商业研究,2017(2):151-159.]
[9] QIN Xinghong,SU Qiang,HONG Zhisheng,et al.Contract coordination mechanism between on online store and TPL under logistics service quality constraint[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science,2014,42(9):1444-1451(in Chinese).[秦星红,苏强,洪志生,等.服务质量约束下网络商店与物流服务商协调模型[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2014,42(9):1444-1451.]
[10] LI Jianfeng,HUANG Zuqing,CHEN Shiping,et al.Coordination mechanism of logistics service supply chain based on option[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2013,19(6):1377-1384(in Chinese).[李剑锋,黄祖庆,陈世平,等.基于期权的物流服务供应链协调机制[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(6):1377-1384.]
[11] YU Yue.Research on the coordination contract of dual-channel supply chain with logistics service dependent market demand[J].Southeast Academic Research,2015(3):133-139(in Chinese).[虞跃.物流服务水平影响需求下双渠道供应链协调契约研究[J].东南学术,2015(3):133-139.]
[12] CHIANG W K,FENG Y.Retailer or e-tailer?Strategic pricing and economic-lot-size decisions in a competitive supply chain with drop-shipping[J].Journal of the Operational Research Society,2010,61(11):1645-1653.
[13] GAN Xianghua,SETHI S P,ZHOU Jing.Commitment-penalty contracts in drop-shipping supply chains with asymmetric demand information[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2010,204(3):449-462.
[14] ZHAO Jinshi,DUAN Yongrui,WANG Shijin,et al.Coordinated drop shipping commitment contract in dual-distribution channel supply chain[J].Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations,2012,10(4):19-30.
[15] ZHAO Jinshi,DUAN Yongrui,WANG Shijin,et al.Performance comparative study in dual-distribution channel drop shipping supply chain based on different dominant positions[J].Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management,2013,27(1):171-177(in Chinese).[赵金实,段永瑞,王世进,等.不同主导权位置情况下零售商双渠道策略的绩效对比研究[J].管理工程学报,2013,27(1):171-177.]
[16] LI Ming.Coordinate the drop-shipping supply chain with price-dependent stochastic demand[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2011(in Chinese).[李明.考虑价格对需求影响的Drop-shipping供应链协调问题研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2011.]
[17] ZHANG Guangming,ZHAO Shinan.Study on dual-channel supply chain coordination of drop shipping by the e-tailer[J].Industrial Engineering Journal,2014,17(6):77-82(in Chinese).[张光明,赵士南.基于零售商代发货模式的双渠道供应链协调[J].工业工程,2014,17(6):77-82.]
[18] ZHANG Guangming,ZHAO Shinan.Research on dual-channel supply chain coordination of drop shipping by the retailer[J].Industrial Engineering and Management,2015,20(1):108-114(in Chinese).[张光明,赵士南.零售商代发货供应链的逆向收益共享契约模型[J].工业工程与管理,2015,20(1):108-114.]
[19] XIE Gang,YUE Wuyi,WANG Shouyang,et al.Quality investment and price decision in a risk-averse supply chain[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2011,214(2):403-410.
[20] YANG Feng,SHAN Feifei,JIN Minyue.Capacity investment under cost sharing contracts[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2017,191:278-285.