脐橙叶片矿质营养元素含量的分区分布特征
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摘要
为揭示矿质营养元素在脐橙叶中分区分布特征,以枳砧和枳橙砧纽荷尔脐橙为对象,测定新叶和老叶的叶尖、叶缘、中部、叶基和翼叶等5个分区中10种元素(N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn和B)的含量,并分析各分区离子组成的差异。主成分分析显示,第一主成分(PC1)和第二主成分(PC2)分别解释了总变量的43.4%和21.1%,明确区分了新叶和老叶,大致区分了叶不同分区,发现新叶翼叶与其他分区具有明显差异,而老叶本叶各分区的离散程度明显大于新叶本叶各分区。两种砧木脐橙新叶中钾含量分布表现为翼叶>叶基>中部>叶缘≈叶尖,镁含量表现为叶尖≈叶缘>中部>叶基>翼叶;两种砧木脐橙老叶中锰含量表现为叶尖≈叶缘>中部>叶基>翼叶,硼含量表现为叶尖>叶缘>中部>叶基>翼叶。N、P、B在新叶本叶各分区以及P、Ca在老叶本叶各分区间含量都没有显著差异。枳砧脐橙新叶翼叶Mn、Cu和Zn的含量与叶片其他分区没有显著差异,而枳橙砧脐橙新叶翼叶Mn、Cu和Zn的含量都分别显著低于叶片其他分区。结果表明,不同元素叶片分区分布特征存在明显差异,翼叶的元素含量和离子组成与叶片其他分区差异明显。
To explore the leaf partitioning of essential mineral elements in Newhall navel orange plants grafted on trifoliate orange and citrange,ten elements(N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn and B)in leaf tip,leaf margin,leaf middle,leaf base,and winged petiole of the new leaves and old leaves were determined by ICP-MS and Kjeldahl apparatus,and analyzed using multivariate analysis and principal component analysis(PCA). The PCA results showed that the first two principal components could explain 43.4% and 21.1% of the total variables,respectively. The first component separated new leaves from old leaves,the second component generally discriminated the different leaf parts,especially the winged petiole of new leaves from other leaf parts. For the new leaves,in both rootstock,showed a steep gradient in the K concentrations(winged petiole > leaf base > leaf middle > leaf margin ≈ leaf tip)and Mg concentrations(leaf tip ≈ leaf margin > leaf middle > leaf base > winged petiole);and the old leaves showed a steep gradient in the Mn concentrations(leaf tip ≈ leaf margin > leaf middle > leaf base > winged petiole)and B concentrations(leaf tip > leaf margin > leaf middle > leaf base > winged petiole). There was no significant difference in the contents of N,P and B among the different leaf parts of the new leaf blade and the contents of P and Ca among the different leaf parts of the old leaf blade. The contents of Mn,Cu and Zn in the new leaf petiole wing of Newhall navel orange plants grafted on trifoliate orange were not significantly different from those of the other new leaf parts,while the contents of Mn,Cu and Zn in the new leaf petiole wing of Newhall navel orange plants grafted on citrange were significantly lower than those of the other new leaf parts. These results suggest that there are obvious differences in the element distribution characteristics of leaf partitioning, and the element concentrations and ion composition in the leaf petiole wing are very different from other leaf parts.
To explore the leaf partitioning of essential mineral elements in Newhall navel orange plants grafted on trifoliate orange and citrange,ten elements(N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn and B)in leaf tip,leaf margin,leaf middle,leaf base,and winged petiole of the new leaves and old leaves were determined by ICP-MS and Kjeldahl apparatus,and analyzed using multivariate analysis and principal component analysis(PCA). The PCA results showed that the first two principal components could explain 43.4% and 21.1% of the total variables,respectively. The first component separated new leaves from old leaves,the second component generally discriminated the different leaf parts,especially the winged petiole of new leaves from other leaf parts. For the new leaves,in both rootstock,showed a steep gradient in the K concentrations(winged petiole > leaf base > leaf middle > leaf margin ≈ leaf tip)and Mg concentrations(leaf tip ≈ leaf margin > leaf middle > leaf base > winged petiole);and the old leaves showed a steep gradient in the Mn concentrations(leaf tip ≈ leaf margin > leaf middle > leaf base > winged petiole)and B concentrations(leaf tip > leaf margin > leaf middle > leaf base > winged petiole). There was no significant difference in the contents of N,P and B among the different leaf parts of the new leaf blade and the contents of P and Ca among the different leaf parts of the old leaf blade. The contents of Mn,Cu and Zn in the new leaf petiole wing of Newhall navel orange plants grafted on trifoliate orange were not significantly different from those of the other new leaf parts,while the contents of Mn,Cu and Zn in the new leaf petiole wing of Newhall navel orange plants grafted on citrange were significantly lower than those of the other new leaf parts. These results suggest that there are obvious differences in the element distribution characteristics of leaf partitioning, and the element concentrations and ion composition in the leaf petiole wing are very different from other leaf parts.
引文
Ballve R M L,Medina-Filho H P,Bordignon R.1997.Identification of reciprocal hybrids in citrus by the broadness of the leaf petiole wing.Genetics&Molecular Biology,20(4):697-702.
Callahan D L,Hare D J,Bishop D P,Doble P A,Roessner U.2016.Elemental imaging of leaves from the metal hyperaccumulating plant Noccaea caerulescens shows different spatial distribution of Ni,Zn and Cd.RSC Advances,6:2337.
Chen Qin,Chen Li-min,Zheng Qun-ying,Xiao Bing-xue,Zhang Chang-bing,Zhang Hong-xuan,Liu Gang,Yang Man-ye.2014.SPAD value of different parts in 5 forage grass leaves.Pratacultural Science,31(7):1318-1322.(in Chinese)陈琴,陈莉敏,郑群英,肖冰雪,张昌兵,张洪轩,刘刚,杨满业.2014.5种牧草叶片上不同部位的SPAD值比较.草业科学,31(7):1318-1322.
Deljanin I,Antanasijevi?D,Bjelajac A,Uro?evi?M A,Nikoli?M,Peri?-Gruji?A,Risti?M.2016.Chemometrics in biomonitoring:distribution and correlation of trace elements in tree leaves.Science of the Total Environment,(545-546):361-371.
Fink S.1991.Comparative microscopical studies on the patterns of calcium oxalate distribution in the needles of various conifer species.Botanica Acta,104:306-315.
Franceschi V R,Nakata P A.2005.Calcium oxalate in plants:formation and function.Annual Review in Plant Biology,56:41-71.
He Li-hong,He Li-jing,Gu Qun,Liang Hong.2006.Studies on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of different sites of same leaf in ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba L.).Northern Horticulture,(6):27-29.(in Chinese)贺立红,贺立静,顾群,梁红.2006.银杏同一叶片不同部位叶绿素荧光特性的研究.北方园艺,(6):27-29.
Kumar S,Awasthi O P,Dubey A K,Pandey R,Sharma V K,Mishra A K,Sharma R M.2018.Root morphology and the effect of rootstocks on leaf nutrient acquisition of Kinnow mandarin(Citrus nobilis Loureiro×Citrus reticulata Blanco).The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology,93(1):100-106.
Li Jian,Xie Zhong-chen,Xie Wen-long,Wu Xing-ming,Shi Qing.2011.Relationship between leaf vein splitting and mineral nutrition of citrus.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,38(3):425-433.(in Chinese)李健,谢钟琛,谢文龙,吴兴明,施清.2011.柑橘叶脉开裂症与矿质营养的关系.园艺学报,38(3):425-433.
Liu G D,Jiang C C,Wang Y H.2011.Distribution of boron and its forms in young“Newhall”navel orange(Citrus sinensis Osb.)plants grafted on two rootstocks in response to deficient and excessive boron.Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,57:93-104.
Liu Gui-dong,Jiang Cun-cang,Wang Yun-hua,Peng Shu-ang,Lu Jian-wei.2010.A review on effects of mineral nutrients on citrus.Chinese Journal of Soil Science,41(6):1547-1552.(in Chinese)刘桂东,姜存仓,王运华,彭抒昂,鲁剑巍.2010.柑橘对不同矿质营养元素效应的研究进展.土壤通报,41(6):1547-1552.
Liu Gui-dong,Jiang Cun-cang,Wang Yun-hua,Peng Shu-ang,Zhong Ba-lian,Zeng Qing-luan,Yuan Shui-xiu.2011.Changes in mineral element contents of‘Newhall’navel orange(Citrus sinensis Osb.)grafted on two different rootstocks under boron deficiency.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,17(1):180-185.(in Chinese)刘桂东,姜存仓,王运华,彭抒昂,钟八莲,曾庆銮,袁水秀.2011.缺硼条件下两种不同砧木‘纽荷尔’脐橙矿质元素含量变化的比较.植物营养与肥料学报,17(1):180-185.
Marschner P.2012.Mineral nutrition of higher plants.3rd ed.Beijing:Science Press:53-57.
McCain D C,Markley J L.1989.More manganese accumulates in maple sun leaves than in shade leaves.Plant Physiology,90:1417-1421.
Oertli J J,Roth J A.1969.Boron supply of sugar beet,cotton and soybean.Agronomy Journal,61:191-195.
Pan Ling,Fan Rui-ping,Zhou Qin,Jiang Hai-dong.2010.Study on physiological and biochemical characteristics at different leaf positions in Festuca arundinaeea during the over-wintering period.Pratacultural Science,27(7):5-9.(in Chinese)潘泠,樊瑞萍,周琴,江海东.2010.高羊茅越冬期叶片不同部位生理生化特性研究.草业科学,27(7):5-9.
Sharma R M,Dubey A K,Awasthi O P,Kaur C.2016.Growth,yield,fruit quality and leaf nutrient status of grapefruit(Citrus paradisi Macf.):Variation from rootstocks.Scientia Horticulturae,210:41-48.
Vogel-Miku?K,Simcic J,Pelicon P,Budnar M,Kump P,Necemer M,Mesjasz-Przybylowicz J,Przybylowicz W J,Regvar M.2008.Comparison of essential and non-essential element distribution in leaves of the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Thlaspi praecox as revealed by micro-PIXE.Plant,Cell and Environment,31:1484-1496.
Wang Tao,Liu Shi-yong,Wang Long,Wang Hong-yu,Zhang Li.2014.Anatomical characteristics of laminae and petioles of 11 species of Salvia and their taxonomic significance.China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,39(14):2629-2634.(in Chinese)王涛,刘世勇,王龙,王红玉,张利.2014.11种鼠尾草属叶片和叶柄解剖特征及其分类学意义.中国中药杂志,39(14):2629-2634.
Wang Xi-na,Wang Zhao-hui,Chen Bao-ming,Li Sheng-xiu.2005.Nitrate accumulation in petiole and blade of different spinach cultivars and its relation to plant growth.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,11(5):675-681.(in Chinese)王西娜,王朝辉,陈宝明,李生秀.2005.不同品种菠菜叶柄和叶片的硝态氮含量及其与植株生长的关系.植物营养与肥料学报,11(5):675-681.
Wolf O,Munns R,Tonnet M L,Jeschke W D.1990.Concentrations and transport of solutes in xylem and phloem along the leaf axis of NaCl-treated Hordeum vulgare.Journal of Experimental Botany,41:1133-1141.
Wu Yong-long,Li Ming-qiang,Li Hai-fei,Li Jing,Xu Guo-feng,Nie Ji-yun,Wang Hai-bo.2015.Dynamic changes of nutrient in leaves and petioles of Hongdiqiu grape during fruit growing period.China Fruits,(3):20-23.(in Chinese)毋永龙,李明强,李海飞,李静,许国锋,聂继云,王海波.2015.红地球葡萄果实生长期叶片和叶柄的养分动态变化.中国果树,(3):20-23.
Yao Yu-jie,Jiang Cun-cang.2017.Photosynthetic characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of citrus rootstocks under iron deficiency stress.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,23(5):1345-1351.(in Chinese)姚宇洁,姜存仓.2017.缺铁胁迫柑橘砧木幼苗的光合特性和叶绿体超微结构.植物营养与肥料学报,23(5):1345-1351.
Zhang Yi-zhong,Zhou Fu-ping,Zhang Xiao-juan,Fan Xi-qi,Zhao Wen-bo,Liu Qing-shan,Du Wei-jun.2017.Comparison of SPAD value of different parts in ten Sorghum cultivars leaves.Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,45(5):703-706.(in Chinese)张一中,周福平,张晓娟,范昕琦,赵文博,柳青山,杜维俊.2017.10个高梁品系叶片不同部位SPAD值的比较分析.山西农业科学,45(5):703-706.
Zhao Guang-wei,Yan Xiu-feng,Sun Guang-yu,Liu De-yu.2007.Variation of manganese,zinc,and copper contents in different leaf position of flue-cured tobacco in Heilongjiang.Chinese Tobacco Science,28(4):11-13.(in Chinese)赵光伟,阎秀峰,孙广玉,刘德玉.2007.黑龙江烤烟不同部位叶片锰锌铜含量的变化.中国烟草科学,28(4):11-13.
Callahan D L,Hare D J,Bishop D P,Doble P A,Roessner U.2016.Elemental imaging of leaves from the metal hyperaccumulating plant Noccaea caerulescens shows different spatial distribution of Ni,Zn and Cd.RSC Advances,6:2337.
Chen Qin,Chen Li-min,Zheng Qun-ying,Xiao Bing-xue,Zhang Chang-bing,Zhang Hong-xuan,Liu Gang,Yang Man-ye.2014.SPAD value of different parts in 5 forage grass leaves.Pratacultural Science,31(7):1318-1322.(in Chinese)陈琴,陈莉敏,郑群英,肖冰雪,张昌兵,张洪轩,刘刚,杨满业.2014.5种牧草叶片上不同部位的SPAD值比较.草业科学,31(7):1318-1322.
Deljanin I,Antanasijevi?D,Bjelajac A,Uro?evi?M A,Nikoli?M,Peri?-Gruji?A,Risti?M.2016.Chemometrics in biomonitoring:distribution and correlation of trace elements in tree leaves.Science of the Total Environment,(545-546):361-371.
Fink S.1991.Comparative microscopical studies on the patterns of calcium oxalate distribution in the needles of various conifer species.Botanica Acta,104:306-315.
Franceschi V R,Nakata P A.2005.Calcium oxalate in plants:formation and function.Annual Review in Plant Biology,56:41-71.
He Li-hong,He Li-jing,Gu Qun,Liang Hong.2006.Studies on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of different sites of same leaf in ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba L.).Northern Horticulture,(6):27-29.(in Chinese)贺立红,贺立静,顾群,梁红.2006.银杏同一叶片不同部位叶绿素荧光特性的研究.北方园艺,(6):27-29.
Kumar S,Awasthi O P,Dubey A K,Pandey R,Sharma V K,Mishra A K,Sharma R M.2018.Root morphology and the effect of rootstocks on leaf nutrient acquisition of Kinnow mandarin(Citrus nobilis Loureiro×Citrus reticulata Blanco).The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology,93(1):100-106.
Li Jian,Xie Zhong-chen,Xie Wen-long,Wu Xing-ming,Shi Qing.2011.Relationship between leaf vein splitting and mineral nutrition of citrus.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,38(3):425-433.(in Chinese)李健,谢钟琛,谢文龙,吴兴明,施清.2011.柑橘叶脉开裂症与矿质营养的关系.园艺学报,38(3):425-433.
Liu G D,Jiang C C,Wang Y H.2011.Distribution of boron and its forms in young“Newhall”navel orange(Citrus sinensis Osb.)plants grafted on two rootstocks in response to deficient and excessive boron.Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,57:93-104.
Liu Gui-dong,Jiang Cun-cang,Wang Yun-hua,Peng Shu-ang,Lu Jian-wei.2010.A review on effects of mineral nutrients on citrus.Chinese Journal of Soil Science,41(6):1547-1552.(in Chinese)刘桂东,姜存仓,王运华,彭抒昂,鲁剑巍.2010.柑橘对不同矿质营养元素效应的研究进展.土壤通报,41(6):1547-1552.
Liu Gui-dong,Jiang Cun-cang,Wang Yun-hua,Peng Shu-ang,Zhong Ba-lian,Zeng Qing-luan,Yuan Shui-xiu.2011.Changes in mineral element contents of‘Newhall’navel orange(Citrus sinensis Osb.)grafted on two different rootstocks under boron deficiency.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,17(1):180-185.(in Chinese)刘桂东,姜存仓,王运华,彭抒昂,钟八莲,曾庆銮,袁水秀.2011.缺硼条件下两种不同砧木‘纽荷尔’脐橙矿质元素含量变化的比较.植物营养与肥料学报,17(1):180-185.
Marschner P.2012.Mineral nutrition of higher plants.3rd ed.Beijing:Science Press:53-57.
McCain D C,Markley J L.1989.More manganese accumulates in maple sun leaves than in shade leaves.Plant Physiology,90:1417-1421.
Oertli J J,Roth J A.1969.Boron supply of sugar beet,cotton and soybean.Agronomy Journal,61:191-195.
Pan Ling,Fan Rui-ping,Zhou Qin,Jiang Hai-dong.2010.Study on physiological and biochemical characteristics at different leaf positions in Festuca arundinaeea during the over-wintering period.Pratacultural Science,27(7):5-9.(in Chinese)潘泠,樊瑞萍,周琴,江海东.2010.高羊茅越冬期叶片不同部位生理生化特性研究.草业科学,27(7):5-9.
Sharma R M,Dubey A K,Awasthi O P,Kaur C.2016.Growth,yield,fruit quality and leaf nutrient status of grapefruit(Citrus paradisi Macf.):Variation from rootstocks.Scientia Horticulturae,210:41-48.
Vogel-Miku?K,Simcic J,Pelicon P,Budnar M,Kump P,Necemer M,Mesjasz-Przybylowicz J,Przybylowicz W J,Regvar M.2008.Comparison of essential and non-essential element distribution in leaves of the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Thlaspi praecox as revealed by micro-PIXE.Plant,Cell and Environment,31:1484-1496.
Wang Tao,Liu Shi-yong,Wang Long,Wang Hong-yu,Zhang Li.2014.Anatomical characteristics of laminae and petioles of 11 species of Salvia and their taxonomic significance.China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,39(14):2629-2634.(in Chinese)王涛,刘世勇,王龙,王红玉,张利.2014.11种鼠尾草属叶片和叶柄解剖特征及其分类学意义.中国中药杂志,39(14):2629-2634.
Wang Xi-na,Wang Zhao-hui,Chen Bao-ming,Li Sheng-xiu.2005.Nitrate accumulation in petiole and blade of different spinach cultivars and its relation to plant growth.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,11(5):675-681.(in Chinese)王西娜,王朝辉,陈宝明,李生秀.2005.不同品种菠菜叶柄和叶片的硝态氮含量及其与植株生长的关系.植物营养与肥料学报,11(5):675-681.
Wolf O,Munns R,Tonnet M L,Jeschke W D.1990.Concentrations and transport of solutes in xylem and phloem along the leaf axis of NaCl-treated Hordeum vulgare.Journal of Experimental Botany,41:1133-1141.
Wu Yong-long,Li Ming-qiang,Li Hai-fei,Li Jing,Xu Guo-feng,Nie Ji-yun,Wang Hai-bo.2015.Dynamic changes of nutrient in leaves and petioles of Hongdiqiu grape during fruit growing period.China Fruits,(3):20-23.(in Chinese)毋永龙,李明强,李海飞,李静,许国锋,聂继云,王海波.2015.红地球葡萄果实生长期叶片和叶柄的养分动态变化.中国果树,(3):20-23.
Yao Yu-jie,Jiang Cun-cang.2017.Photosynthetic characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of citrus rootstocks under iron deficiency stress.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,23(5):1345-1351.(in Chinese)姚宇洁,姜存仓.2017.缺铁胁迫柑橘砧木幼苗的光合特性和叶绿体超微结构.植物营养与肥料学报,23(5):1345-1351.
Zhang Yi-zhong,Zhou Fu-ping,Zhang Xiao-juan,Fan Xi-qi,Zhao Wen-bo,Liu Qing-shan,Du Wei-jun.2017.Comparison of SPAD value of different parts in ten Sorghum cultivars leaves.Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,45(5):703-706.(in Chinese)张一中,周福平,张晓娟,范昕琦,赵文博,柳青山,杜维俊.2017.10个高梁品系叶片不同部位SPAD值的比较分析.山西农业科学,45(5):703-706.
Zhao Guang-wei,Yan Xiu-feng,Sun Guang-yu,Liu De-yu.2007.Variation of manganese,zinc,and copper contents in different leaf position of flue-cured tobacco in Heilongjiang.Chinese Tobacco Science,28(4):11-13.(in Chinese)赵光伟,阎秀峰,孙广玉,刘德玉.2007.黑龙江烤烟不同部位叶片锰锌铜含量的变化.中国烟草科学,28(4):11-13.