旋转扫描地基SAR大视场快速成像算法
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摘要
旋转扫描地基合成孔径雷达(ArcSAR)具备高分辨率、大视场、重访周期短等优势,因此近年来受到越来越多的关注并逐渐被应用于地面形变监测。该系统特殊的运动轨迹(弧线)增加了成像算法难度。虽然时域算法能够获取ArcSAR高精度的成像结果,但时域算法计算效率较低。因此本文提出一种新的针对ArcSAR的频域成像算法。首先给出了ArcSAR的几何模型以及信号模型。然后论述了算法原理,并对二维频域匹配滤波器进行了推导。之后对算法的适用条件进行讨论。最后利用仿真实验对算法的适用条件进行验证,并对时域成像算法和本文提出的快速成像算法的成像效率和成像质量进行比较。
ArcSAR has the advantages of high resolution, large field of view, and short revisit period. Therefore, it receives more and more attention in the scientific literature in recent years and is gradually applied to ground monitoring. The complex motion trail(arc) of the ArcSAR increases the difficulty of the imaging algorithm. Although the time domain algorithm can obtain high-precision imaging results of the system, this type of algorithm is computationally inefficient. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel fast imaging algorithm for ArcSAR. Firstiy, the geometric model and signal model of ArcSAR are given. Then the principle of the algorithm is discussed and the two-dimensional frequency domain matched filter is deduced. Besides, the applicable condition of the algorithm is also discussed. Finally, the application condition of the proposed algorithm are verified by simulation experiments, and the imaging efficiency and imaging quality of the time domain imaging algorithm and the fast imaging algorithm proposed in this paper are compared.
ArcSAR has the advantages of high resolution, large field of view, and short revisit period. Therefore, it receives more and more attention in the scientific literature in recent years and is gradually applied to ground monitoring. The complex motion trail(arc) of the ArcSAR increases the difficulty of the imaging algorithm. Although the time domain algorithm can obtain high-precision imaging results of the system, this type of algorithm is computationally inefficient. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel fast imaging algorithm for ArcSAR. Firstiy, the geometric model and signal model of ArcSAR are given. Then the principle of the algorithm is discussed and the two-dimensional frequency domain matched filter is deduced. Besides, the applicable condition of the algorithm is also discussed. Finally, the application condition of the proposed algorithm are verified by simulation experiments, and the imaging efficiency and imaging quality of the time domain imaging algorithm and the fast imaging algorithm proposed in this paper are compared.
引文
[1] 秦玉亮,王建涛,王宏强,等.弹载合成孔径雷达技术研究综述[J].信号处理,2009,25(4):630- 635.Qin Yuliang,Wang Jiantao,Wang Hongqiang,et al.Overview on Missile-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar[J].Signal Processing,2009,25(4):630- 635.(in Chinese)
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[10] Andrea Carolina Flores Rodriguez,Gustavo Fraidenraich,Tarcísio A.P.Soares,et al.Optimal and Suboptimal Velocity Estimators for ArcSAR With Distributed Target[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2018,15(2):252-256.
[11] Garmatyuk D S,Narayanan R M.Ultra-wideband continuous-wave random noise arc-SAR[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2002,40(12):2543-2552.
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[13] Luo Yunhua,Song Hongjun,Wang Robert,et al.Arc FMCW SAR and Applications in Ground Monitoring[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2014,52(9):5989-5998.
[14] Pieraccini M,Miccinesi L.ArcSAR for detecting target elevation[J].Electronics Letters,2016,52(18):1559-1561.
[15] Massimiliano Pieraccini,Lapo Miccinesi.ArcSAR:Theory,Simulations,and Experimental Verification[J].IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,2017,65(1):293-301.
[16] 赵月,林赟,王彦平,等.基于圆迹SAR的目标方位散射特征提取研究[J].信号处理,2017,33(4):613- 617.Zhao Yue,Lin Yun,Wang Yanping,et al.Target Feature Extraction on Azimuth Angles Based on Circular-SAR[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2017,33(4):613- 617.(in Chinese)
[17] Wang Yanping,Lin Yun,Tan Weixian,et al.Polar Format Algorithm for Circular SAR[C]//EUSAR,2010:1- 4.
[18] Hoonyol Lee,Jae-Hee Lee,Kwang-Eun Kim,et al.Development of a Truck-Mounted Arc-Scanning Synthetic Aperture Radar[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2014,52(5):2773-2779.
[19] 吴雄峰,王彦平,吴一戎,等.圆周合成孔径雷达投影共焦三维成像算法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2008,30(10):1874-1878,1933.Wu Xiongfeng,Wang Yanping,Wu Yirong,et al.Projected confocal 3-D imaging algorithm for circular SAR[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2008,30(10):1874-1878,1933.(in Chinese)
[2] 林圣,王震,丁泽刚,等.多频干涉SAR局部条纹频率估计方法[J].信号处理,2017,33(3):314-318.Lin Sheng,Wang Zhen,Ding Zegang,et al.Local Fringe Frequencies Estimation Method Based on Multi-Frequency InSAR[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2017,33(3):314-318.(in Chinese)
[3] 王力宝,许稼,皇甫堪,等.基于干涉图的星载MIMO-SAR动目标检测[J].信号处理,2010,26(1):23-27.Wang Libao,Xu Jia,Huangfu Kan,et al.Moving target detection for spaceborne MIMO-SAR based on interferogram[J].Signal Processing,2010,26(1):23-27.(in Chinese)
[4] 路满,宋红军,罗运华.基于调频连续波信号的圆弧式合成孔径雷达成像[J].雷达学报,2016,5(4):425- 433.Lu Man,Song Hongjun,Luo Yunhua.Imaging Algorithm for Arc Synthetic Aperture Radar Using Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave[J].Journal of Radars,2016,5(4):425- 433.(in Chinese)
[5] Wang Yanping,Qi Yaolong,Tan Weixian,et al.Experimental Study on Deformation Monitoring Based on GB-SAR[C]//IET Radar 2015,2015,1- 4.
[6] Yang Xiaolin,Wang Yanping,Qi Yaolong,et al.Experiment Study on Deformation Monitoring Using Ground-Based SAR[C]//Asian-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar(APSAR 2013),2013.
[7] Zhu Mao,Hu Cheng,Zeng Tao,et al.Experimental results and analysis for GBSAR deformation measurement[C]//IET International Radar Conference 2015,2015.
[8] Peng Xueming,Lu Xuguang,Tan Weixian,et al.Ku-Band step frequency Ground-Based SAR system and experiments[C]//IET International Radar Conference 2013,2013:1-5
[9] Luo Yunhua,Song Hongjun,Wang Robert,et al.Signal processing of Arc FMCW SAR[C]//Conference Proceedings of 2013 Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR),2013:412- 415.
[10] Andrea Carolina Flores Rodriguez,Gustavo Fraidenraich,Tarcísio A.P.Soares,et al.Optimal and Suboptimal Velocity Estimators for ArcSAR With Distributed Target[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2018,15(2):252-256.
[11] Garmatyuk D S,Narayanan R M.Ultra-wideband continuous-wave random noise arc-SAR[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2002,40(12):2543-2552.
[12] Hoonyol Lee,Seong-Jun Cho,Kwang-Eun Kim.A ground-based Arc-scanning synthetic aperture radar(ArcSAR) system and focusing algorithms[J].2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,2010:3490-3493.
[13] Luo Yunhua,Song Hongjun,Wang Robert,et al.Arc FMCW SAR and Applications in Ground Monitoring[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2014,52(9):5989-5998.
[14] Pieraccini M,Miccinesi L.ArcSAR for detecting target elevation[J].Electronics Letters,2016,52(18):1559-1561.
[15] Massimiliano Pieraccini,Lapo Miccinesi.ArcSAR:Theory,Simulations,and Experimental Verification[J].IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,2017,65(1):293-301.
[16] 赵月,林赟,王彦平,等.基于圆迹SAR的目标方位散射特征提取研究[J].信号处理,2017,33(4):613- 617.Zhao Yue,Lin Yun,Wang Yanping,et al.Target Feature Extraction on Azimuth Angles Based on Circular-SAR[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2017,33(4):613- 617.(in Chinese)
[17] Wang Yanping,Lin Yun,Tan Weixian,et al.Polar Format Algorithm for Circular SAR[C]//EUSAR,2010:1- 4.
[18] Hoonyol Lee,Jae-Hee Lee,Kwang-Eun Kim,et al.Development of a Truck-Mounted Arc-Scanning Synthetic Aperture Radar[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2014,52(5):2773-2779.
[19] 吴雄峰,王彦平,吴一戎,等.圆周合成孔径雷达投影共焦三维成像算法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2008,30(10):1874-1878,1933.Wu Xiongfeng,Wang Yanping,Wu Yirong,et al.Projected confocal 3-D imaging algorithm for circular SAR[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2008,30(10):1874-1878,1933.(in Chinese)