静止无功补偿器新型自适应动态规划电压控制
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摘要
以静止无功补偿器电压控制非线性系统为研究对象,提出了一种采用新型自适应动态规划Gr HDP实现静止无功补偿器电压控制的方法。选取当前及历史时刻电压误差作为系统状态反馈向量,根据外部增强信号及内部强化信号,Gr HDP利用误差反向传播算法对3个神经网络权值进行反馈调节并获取最优权值,实现了静止无功补偿器的电压优化控制。在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台对执行依赖启发式动态规划ADHDP、PI控制和Gr HDP进行了仿真对比。结果表明,采用Gr HDP的静止无功补偿器能快速补偿系统无功功率,具有更好的电压控制效果,控制系统响应速度快、自适应能力强。
To remedy the defect of traditional PI controller in static Var compensator nonlinear voltage control system, a method based on novel adaptive dynamic programming, goal representation heuristic dynamic programming(Gr HDP), is proposed to optimize control of SVC voltage control system adaptively. According to the external enhancement signal and the internal strengthening signal, the Gr HDP algorithm uses error backward propagation to adjust the weights of the three neural networks and obtain the optimal weights in order to realize the optimal control of the system by selecting the current and historical voltage errors as the system state feedback vector. The Action Dependent Heuristic Dynamic Programming(ADHDP) and the Gr HDP algorithm are used to design the voltage regulator of the SVC voltage control system respectively, and simulation comparison is carried out in Matlab/Simulink platform. The results show that the SVC voltage control system based on Gr HDP algorithm can compensate reactive power quickly, and has better voltage stability and control effect. The control system has faster response speed and stronger adaptive ability.
To remedy the defect of traditional PI controller in static Var compensator nonlinear voltage control system, a method based on novel adaptive dynamic programming, goal representation heuristic dynamic programming(Gr HDP), is proposed to optimize control of SVC voltage control system adaptively. According to the external enhancement signal and the internal strengthening signal, the Gr HDP algorithm uses error backward propagation to adjust the weights of the three neural networks and obtain the optimal weights in order to realize the optimal control of the system by selecting the current and historical voltage errors as the system state feedback vector. The Action Dependent Heuristic Dynamic Programming(ADHDP) and the Gr HDP algorithm are used to design the voltage regulator of the SVC voltage control system respectively, and simulation comparison is carried out in Matlab/Simulink platform. The results show that the SVC voltage control system based on Gr HDP algorithm can compensate reactive power quickly, and has better voltage stability and control effect. The control system has faster response speed and stronger adaptive ability.
引文
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[23]王艳,王东,焦彦军,等.中压配电网无功补偿装置对PLC信道特性的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):62-68.WANG Yan,WANG Dong,JIAO Yanjun,et al.Analysis of PLC channel characteristics of reactive power compensation equipment in medium-voltage distribution network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):62-68.
[24]周晓华,王琦,王荔芳,等.静止无功补偿器的神经元变结构PID控制策略[J].电测与仪表,2015,52(10):61-65.ZHOU Xiaohua,WANG Qi,WANG Lifang,et al.Neuron variable structural PID control strategy for SVC[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2015,52(10):61-65.
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[26]李娟,黄喜旺,关程宇,等.SVC和IPC联合改善异步机风电场的电压稳定性[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2016,28(8):79-84.LI Juan,HUANG Xiwang,GUAN Chengyu,et al.Improvement of voltage stability of asynchronous wind farms based on SVC and IPC[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2016,28(8):79-84.
[27]张东辉,金小明,周保荣,等.PSS/E的自定义建模及其仿真研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(5):82-87.ZHANG Donghui,JIN Xiaoming,ZHOU Baorong,et al.User-defined modeling in PSS/E and its applicability in simulations[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(5):82-87.
[28]方啸.Gr HDP算法的研究及其在虚拟交互中的应用[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2014.
[29]郑文迪,蔡金锭,刘丽军.基于ADP的复合燃料电池发电系统控制策略[J].电工电能新技术,2013,32(3):51-56.ZHENG Wendi,CAI Jinding,LIU Lijun.Control strategy on hybrid fuel cell generation system based on ADP[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2013,32(3):51-56.
[30]唐酿,肖湘宁,陈众.基于Sugeno模糊推理的静止无功补偿器多模态切换方法[J].电网技术,2011,35(8):140-143.TANG Niang,XIAO Xiangning,CHEN Zhong.A method of multi-mode switching for SVC based on Sugeno fuzzy inference[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(8):140-143.
[31]周晓华,王荔芳,覃金飞,等.基于改进单神经元PID的SVC电压调节器[J].电测与仪表,2011,48(9):73-77.ZHOU Xiaohua,WANG Lifang,QIN Jinfei,et al.Voltage regulator based on improved single neuron adaptive PID for SVC[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2011,48(9):73-77.
[2]马伏军,罗安,曾灿林,等.基于快速等效电纳计算的静止无功补偿器复合控制方法[J].电网技术,2012,36(1):140-145.MA Fujun,LUO An,ZENG Canlin,et al.Research on closed-loop control method for static var compensation based on fryze-buchholz-depenbrock algorithm[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(1):140-145.
[3]李自明,姚秀萍,王海云,等.计及风电场静态电压稳定性的VMP系统无功电压控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(21):77-83.LI Ziming,YAO Xiuping,WANG Haiyun,et al.Study on reactive power and voltage control strategy of VMP system considering static voltage stability of wind farm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(21):77-83.
[4]周红婷,宋玮.计及动态无功控制影响的大规模风电汇集地区电压稳定性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(7):13-18.ZHOU Hongting,SONG Wei.Analysis on voltage stability in large-scale wind farms integration area considering impact of dynamic reactive power control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(7):13-18.
[5]付伟,刘天琪,李兴源,等.静止无功补偿器运行特性分析和控制方法综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(22):147-154.FU Wei,LIU Tianqi,LI Xingyuan,et al.Analysis of operating characteristic and survey of control methods used in static var compensator[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(22):147-154.
[6]曾光,苏彦民,柯敏倩,等.用于无功静补系统的模糊PID控制方法[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(6):40-43.ZENG Guang,SU Yanmin,KE Minqian,et al.A hybrid fuzzy and PID control method for static var compensation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2006,21(6):40-43.
[7]盘宏斌,罗安,涂春鸣,等.蚁群优化PI控制器在静止无功补偿器电压控制中的应用[J].电网技术,2008,32(18):41-46.PAN Hongbin,LUO An,TU Chunming,et al.Application of ant colony optimized PI controller in voltage control of static reactive power compensator[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(18):41-46.
[8]徐先勇,罗安,方璐,等.静止无功补偿器的新型最优非线性比例积分电压控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(1):80-86.XU Xianyong,LUO An,FANG Lu,et al.New optimal nonlinear PI voltage controller for SVC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(1):80-86.
[9]杨晓峰,罗安,彭楚武,等.基于神经网络学习算法和粒子群算法的改进PID控制在高压静止无功补偿器中的应用[J].电网技术,2011,35(6):65-70.YANG Xiaofeng,LUO An,PENG Chuwu,et al.Application of an improved PID control based on neural network learning algorithm and particle swarm optimization in high voltage static VAR compensators[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(6):65-70.
[10]马兆兴,万秋兰,李洪美,等.基于神经网络的SVC电压稳定性控制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(18):67-71.MA Zhaoxing,WAN Qiulan,LI Hongmei,et al.A voltage stability control method of SVC based on neural network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(18):67-71.
[11]刘艳红,楚冰,汤洪海.基于结构保留模型的静止无功补偿器鲁棒非线性控制[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(4):49-53.LIU Yanhong,CHU Bing,TANG Honghai.Robust nonlinear control of static var compensator based on structure preserving model[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(4):49-53.
[12]孙健,刘锋,SI Jennie,等.一种改进的近似动态规划方法及其在SVC的应用[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(5):95-102.SUN Jian,LIU Feng,SI Jennie,et al.An improved approximate dynamic programming and its application in SVC control[J].Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(5):95-102.
[13]周晓华,罗文广,刘胜永,等.静止无功补偿器自适应动态规划电压控制方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(3):895-900.ZHOU Xiaohua,LUO Wenguang,LIU Shengyong,et al.Voltage control method of static var compensator based on adaptive dynamic programming[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(3):895-900.
[14]张化光,张欣,罗艳红,等.自适应动态规划综述[J].自动化学报,2013,39(4):303-311.ZHANG Huaguang,ZHANG Xin,LUO Yanhong,et al.An overview of research on adaptive dynamic programming[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,2013,39(4):303-311.
[15]HE H,NI Z,FU J.A three-network architecture for on-line learning and optimization based on adaptive dynamic programming[J].Neurocomputing,2012,78(1):3-13.
[16]SUI X,TANG Y,HE H,et al.Energy-storage-based low-frequency oscillation damping control using particle swarm optimization and heuristic dynamic programming[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2539-2548.
[17]TANG Y,HE H,WEN J,et al.Power system stability control for a wind farm based on adaptive dynamic programming[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(1):166-177.
[18]TANG Y,YANG J,YAN J,et al.Intelligent load frequency controller using Gr HDP for island smart grid with electric vehicles and renewable resources[J].Neurocomputing,2015,170:406-416.
[19]杜治,苏宇,彭昌勇,等.基于多层次启发式动态规划算法的电力系统动态等值[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(17):1-9.DU Zhi,SU Yu,PENG Changyong,et al.Dynamic equivalent of power system based on global representation heuristic dynamic programming algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(17):1-9.
[20]TANG Y,HE H,NI Z,et al.Adaptive modulation for DFIG and STATCOM with high-voltage direct current transmission[J].IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems,2016,27(8):1762-1772.
[21]沈郁,陈伟彪,姚伟,等.采用新型自适应动态规划算法的柔性直流输电附加阻尼控制[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3768-3774.SHEN Yu,CHEN Weibiao,YAO Wei,et al.Supplementary damping control of VSC-HVDC transmission system using a novel heuristic dynamic programming[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3768-3774.
[22]ZHONG X,NI Z,HE H.A theoretical foundation of goal representation heuristic dynamic programming[J].IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems,2016,27(12):2513-2525.
[23]王艳,王东,焦彦军,等.中压配电网无功补偿装置对PLC信道特性的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):62-68.WANG Yan,WANG Dong,JIAO Yanjun,et al.Analysis of PLC channel characteristics of reactive power compensation equipment in medium-voltage distribution network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):62-68.
[24]周晓华,王琦,王荔芳,等.静止无功补偿器的神经元变结构PID控制策略[J].电测与仪表,2015,52(10):61-65.ZHOU Xiaohua,WANG Qi,WANG Lifang,et al.Neuron variable structural PID control strategy for SVC[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2015,52(10):61-65.
[25]邹延生,董萍.一种基于协同控制的SVC新型非线性控制器[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):10-17.ZOU Yansheng,DONG Ping.Design of an innovative SVC nonlinear controller based on synergetic control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):10-17.
[26]李娟,黄喜旺,关程宇,等.SVC和IPC联合改善异步机风电场的电压稳定性[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2016,28(8):79-84.LI Juan,HUANG Xiwang,GUAN Chengyu,et al.Improvement of voltage stability of asynchronous wind farms based on SVC and IPC[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2016,28(8):79-84.
[27]张东辉,金小明,周保荣,等.PSS/E的自定义建模及其仿真研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(5):82-87.ZHANG Donghui,JIN Xiaoming,ZHOU Baorong,et al.User-defined modeling in PSS/E and its applicability in simulations[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(5):82-87.
[28]方啸.Gr HDP算法的研究及其在虚拟交互中的应用[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2014.
[29]郑文迪,蔡金锭,刘丽军.基于ADP的复合燃料电池发电系统控制策略[J].电工电能新技术,2013,32(3):51-56.ZHENG Wendi,CAI Jinding,LIU Lijun.Control strategy on hybrid fuel cell generation system based on ADP[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2013,32(3):51-56.
[30]唐酿,肖湘宁,陈众.基于Sugeno模糊推理的静止无功补偿器多模态切换方法[J].电网技术,2011,35(8):140-143.TANG Niang,XIAO Xiangning,CHEN Zhong.A method of multi-mode switching for SVC based on Sugeno fuzzy inference[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(8):140-143.
[31]周晓华,王荔芳,覃金飞,等.基于改进单神经元PID的SVC电压调节器[J].电测与仪表,2011,48(9):73-77.ZHOU Xiaohua,WANG Lifang,QIN Jinfei,et al.Voltage regulator based on improved single neuron adaptive PID for SVC[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2011,48(9):73-77.