采用响应面法-几何特征模拟电荷法的电场数值求解及精度验证
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摘要
为解决模拟电荷法(charge simulation method,CSM)前处理调整工作烦冗的不足,提升高压电器电场数值计算的精度和效率,提出采用响应面法(response surface methodology,RSM)和几何特征模拟电荷法(geometric feature charge simulation method,GFCSM)相结合的方法对高压电器进行电场数值计算。以典型电极、40.5 kV真空断路器灭弧室(vacuum interrupter,VI)和550 kV SF_6断路器灭弧室作为研究对象,应用RSM-GFCSM方法求出整个场域的电场分布,研究结果表明:对球/球典型电极进行电场数值求解时,采用RSM-GFCSM方法计算所得的电场强度最大值为4.32 V/cm,同CSM相比更接近理论值;采用CSM和RSM-GFCSM方法对真空和六氟化硫断路器灭弧室分别进行电场数值求解时,通过比对电场计算误差值可以看出,RSM-GFCSM计算精度高,计算工作量小,为多重介质、复杂电器结构开域电场数值仿真模拟提供了新方法。
To solve the complicated pretreatment adjustment work of charge simulation method(CSM), and to improve the numerical calculation accuracy and efficiency of high-voltage electrical apparatus electric field,we adopted the combined method of response surface methodology(RSM) and geometric feature charge simulation method(GFCSM) to conduct the electric field numerical calculation of high-voltage electrical apparatus. Taking a typical electrode, 40.5 kV vacuum interrupter(VI), and 550 kV of SF6 circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber as the research objects, we used the RSM-GFCSM to solve the electric field distribution of the whole field. According to the research results, as for the electric field numerical solution of ball/ball typical electrodes, the maximum electric field strength calculated using RSM-GFCSM was 4.32 V/cm, being closer to the theoretical value than the results calculated using CSM. When CSM and RSM-GFCSM method were used for solving the electric field of VI and 550 kV of SF_6 arc-extinguishing chamber, the comparison results of electric field calculation error values showed that RSM-GFCSM had high calculation accuracy and small computing workload. Therefore, RSM-GFCSM provides a new method for the open domain electric field numerical simulation of electrical apparatus with multiple media and complex structure.
To solve the complicated pretreatment adjustment work of charge simulation method(CSM), and to improve the numerical calculation accuracy and efficiency of high-voltage electrical apparatus electric field,we adopted the combined method of response surface methodology(RSM) and geometric feature charge simulation method(GFCSM) to conduct the electric field numerical calculation of high-voltage electrical apparatus. Taking a typical electrode, 40.5 kV vacuum interrupter(VI), and 550 kV of SF6 circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber as the research objects, we used the RSM-GFCSM to solve the electric field distribution of the whole field. According to the research results, as for the electric field numerical solution of ball/ball typical electrodes, the maximum electric field strength calculated using RSM-GFCSM was 4.32 V/cm, being closer to the theoretical value than the results calculated using CSM. When CSM and RSM-GFCSM method were used for solving the electric field of VI and 550 kV of SF_6 arc-extinguishing chamber, the comparison results of electric field calculation error values showed that RSM-GFCSM had high calculation accuracy and small computing workload. Therefore, RSM-GFCSM provides a new method for the open domain electric field numerical simulation of electrical apparatus with multiple media and complex structure.
引文
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[9]廖宝文,曾奕,杨皓宇.有限元法计算三相管型母线的短路电动力[J].电气技术,2013,14(2):12-13.LIAO Baowen,ZENG Yi,YANG Haoyu.Short-circuit force computation of three-phase pipe-type bus using the finite element method[J].Electrical Engineering Magazine,2013,14(2):12-13.
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[13]黄子璇,席黎明,樊梦旭,等.高压输电线下有建筑物时工频电场计算中模拟电荷设置方法的改进[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):788-793.HUANG Zixuan,XI Liming,FAN Mengxu,et al.Improvement of simulation charge setting in calculation of power frequency electric field of high voltage transmission line above buildings[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):788-793.
[14]徐禄文,罗鹏,邹岸新,等.基于模拟电荷法的变电站工频电场仿真分析[J].电工电能新技术,2015,34(7):27-31.XU Luwen,LUO Peng,ZOU Anxin,et al.Simulation and analysis of power frequency electric field in substation based on charge simulation method[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2015,34(7):27-31.
[15]王勇,陈仁全,杨廷志,等.高压变电站工频电场计算方法分析[J].重庆科技学院学报,2010,12(2):140-143.WANG Yong,CHEN Renquan,YANG Tingzhi,et al.Calculation methods of power fequency electric field for high voltage substation[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Techology,2010,12(2):140-143.
[16]GUO X Y,LI D,WU Z,et al.Application of response surface methodology in optimizaing the sulfation-roasting-leaching process of nickel laterite[J].International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials,2012,19(3):199-206.
[17]ZHONG K,WANG Q.Optimization of ultrasonic extraction of poly-saccharides from dried longan pulp using response surface methodology[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2010,80(1):19-25.
[18]BARINDERJIT S,HARISH K S,BHAVESH C S.Optimization of extraction of antioxidants from wheat bran(Triticum spp.)using response surface methodology[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2012,49(3):294-308.
[19]王雅玲,徐衍亮,刘西全.双定子永磁同步发电机(I)—结构原理及其响应面法设计[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(7):167-172.WNG Yaling,XU Yanliang,LIU Xiquan.Dual-stator permanent magnet synchronous generator(I)-schematic structure and design based on Response surface method[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2011,26(7):167-172.
[20]徐衍亮,王雅玲,刘西泉.双定子永磁同步发电机(II)—有限元分析及样机试验[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(3):68-72.XU Yanliang,WANG Yaling,LIU Xiquan.Dual-stator permanent magnet generator(II)-FEM analysis and prototype experiment[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2012,27(3):68-72.
[21]王晓远,贾旭.基于槽口优化的电动汽车用大功率无刷直流电机齿槽转矩削弱方法[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(7):40-45.WANG Xiaoyuan,JIA Xu.Optimization for the slot opening to reduce cogging torque in high-power BLDC in electric vehicles[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2013,28(7):40-45.
[22]石松宁,王大志.消弱永磁驱动器齿槽转矩的斜极优化方法[J].电工技术学,2015,30(22):27-32.SHI Songning,WANG Dazhi.Magnet skewing optimization mthod for reducing cogging torque in permanent magnet drive[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2015,30(22):27-32.
[23]郝立,林明耀,徐妲,等.轴向磁场磁通切换型永磁电机齿槽转矩抑制[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(2):21-26.HAO Li,LIN Mingyao,XU Da,et al.Cogging torque reduction in axial field flux-switching permanent magnet machines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2015,30(2):21-26.
[24]李争,张璐,王群京,等.基于响应面法的永磁转子偏转式三自由度电动机结构参数的优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(13):134-142.LI Zheng,ZHANG Lu,WANG Qunjing,et al.Optimal design of structure parameters of three-dof deflection type PM motor based on response surface methodology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2015,30(13):134-142.
[25]BARMUTA P,FERRANTI F,GIBIINO G P,et al.Compact behavioral models of nonlinear active devices using response wurface methodology[J].IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory&Techniques,2015,63(1):56-64.
[26]BARMUTA P,GIBIINO G P,FERRANTI F,et al.Nonlinear behavioral models of HEMTs using response surface methodology[C]∥International Conference on Numerical Electromagnetic Modeling and Optimization for RF,Microwave and Terahertz Applications.Pavia,Italy:IEEE,2014:1-4.
[27]SAHA S,CHOI G D,CHO Y H.Optimal rotor shape design of LSPM with efficiency and power factor improvement using response surface methodology[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):1-4.
[2]张亮,靳小兵,卜俊伟,等.雷电水平电场时域近似算法研究及精度验证[J].高电压技术,2016,42(2):657-665.ZHANG Liang,JIN Xiaobing,BU Junwei,et al.Research and accuracy validation of approximate time-domain method for lightning-horizontal electric field[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(2):657-665.
[3]赵志刚,李光范,李金忠,等.基于有限元法的大型电力变压器抗短路能力分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3214-3220.ZHAO Zhigang,LI Guangfan,LI Jinzhong,et al.Analyzing the short-cinuit withstanding ability of large power transformer based the FEM method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3214-3220.
[4]韩颖,刘晓明,王尔智,等.高压SF6断路器灭弧室内激波的混沌特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3207-3213.HAN Ying,LIU Xiaoming,WANG Erzhi,et al.Chaos characteristics of shock wave in arc quenching chamber for SF6 circuit breaker[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3207-3213.
[5]李俐莹,刘晓明,邹积岩.高压SF6断路器能量分离喷口区域的气流参数特性[J].高电压技术,2015,41(9):3123-3129.LI Liying,LIU Xiaoming,ZOU Jiyan.Gas flow characteristics of high voltage SF6 circuit breaker with energy separated nozzle[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(9):3123-3129.
[6]韩颖,刘晓明,安跃军,等.基于混沌理论的高压SF6断路器机构特性[J].高电压技术,2015,41(9):3136-3141.HAN Ying,LIU Xiaoming,AN Yuejun,et al.Investigation of hydraulic actuator for SF6 circuit breaker based on the chaotic theory[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(9):3136-3141.
[7]刘云鹏,朱雷,律方成,等.特高压电晕笼直流分裂导线正极性电晕起始特性分析[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(1):73-79.LIU Yunpeng,ZHU Lei,LüFangchen,et al.Analysis of the positive corona onset characteristic of the bundle conductors in the UHV corona cage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2013,28(1):73-79.
[8]刘连光,马成廉.基于有限元方法的直流输电接地极多层土壤地电位分布计算[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(18):1-5.LIU Lianguang,MA Chenglian.Calculation of multi-layer soil earth surface potential distribution of HVDC due to finite element method[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(18):1-5.
[9]廖宝文,曾奕,杨皓宇.有限元法计算三相管型母线的短路电动力[J].电气技术,2013,14(2):12-13.LIAO Baowen,ZENG Yi,YANG Haoyu.Short-circuit force computation of three-phase pipe-type bus using the finite element method[J].Electrical Engineering Magazine,2013,14(2):12-13.
[10]刘云鹏,朱雷,耿江海,等.沙尘粒径效应对分裂导线电晕特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2015,41(9):3048-3053.LIU Yunpeng,ZHU Lei,GENG Jianghai,et al.Influence of sand particle size effect on corona discharge characteristics of bundle conductors[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(9):3048-3053.
[11]SHAALAN E M,GHANIA S M,WARD S A.Analysis of electric field inside HV substations using charge simulation method in three dimensional[C]∥Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena(CEIDP).Virginia,USA:IEEE,2010:1-5.
[12]RANKOVI?A,SAVI?M S.Generalized charge simulation method for the calculation of the electric field in high voltage substations[J].Electrical Engineering,2010,92(2):69-77.
[13]黄子璇,席黎明,樊梦旭,等.高压输电线下有建筑物时工频电场计算中模拟电荷设置方法的改进[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):788-793.HUANG Zixuan,XI Liming,FAN Mengxu,et al.Improvement of simulation charge setting in calculation of power frequency electric field of high voltage transmission line above buildings[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):788-793.
[14]徐禄文,罗鹏,邹岸新,等.基于模拟电荷法的变电站工频电场仿真分析[J].电工电能新技术,2015,34(7):27-31.XU Luwen,LUO Peng,ZOU Anxin,et al.Simulation and analysis of power frequency electric field in substation based on charge simulation method[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2015,34(7):27-31.
[15]王勇,陈仁全,杨廷志,等.高压变电站工频电场计算方法分析[J].重庆科技学院学报,2010,12(2):140-143.WANG Yong,CHEN Renquan,YANG Tingzhi,et al.Calculation methods of power fequency electric field for high voltage substation[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Techology,2010,12(2):140-143.
[16]GUO X Y,LI D,WU Z,et al.Application of response surface methodology in optimizaing the sulfation-roasting-leaching process of nickel laterite[J].International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials,2012,19(3):199-206.
[17]ZHONG K,WANG Q.Optimization of ultrasonic extraction of poly-saccharides from dried longan pulp using response surface methodology[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2010,80(1):19-25.
[18]BARINDERJIT S,HARISH K S,BHAVESH C S.Optimization of extraction of antioxidants from wheat bran(Triticum spp.)using response surface methodology[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2012,49(3):294-308.
[19]王雅玲,徐衍亮,刘西全.双定子永磁同步发电机(I)—结构原理及其响应面法设计[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(7):167-172.WNG Yaling,XU Yanliang,LIU Xiquan.Dual-stator permanent magnet synchronous generator(I)-schematic structure and design based on Response surface method[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2011,26(7):167-172.
[20]徐衍亮,王雅玲,刘西泉.双定子永磁同步发电机(II)—有限元分析及样机试验[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(3):68-72.XU Yanliang,WANG Yaling,LIU Xiquan.Dual-stator permanent magnet generator(II)-FEM analysis and prototype experiment[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2012,27(3):68-72.
[21]王晓远,贾旭.基于槽口优化的电动汽车用大功率无刷直流电机齿槽转矩削弱方法[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(7):40-45.WANG Xiaoyuan,JIA Xu.Optimization for the slot opening to reduce cogging torque in high-power BLDC in electric vehicles[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2013,28(7):40-45.
[22]石松宁,王大志.消弱永磁驱动器齿槽转矩的斜极优化方法[J].电工技术学,2015,30(22):27-32.SHI Songning,WANG Dazhi.Magnet skewing optimization mthod for reducing cogging torque in permanent magnet drive[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2015,30(22):27-32.
[23]郝立,林明耀,徐妲,等.轴向磁场磁通切换型永磁电机齿槽转矩抑制[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(2):21-26.HAO Li,LIN Mingyao,XU Da,et al.Cogging torque reduction in axial field flux-switching permanent magnet machines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2015,30(2):21-26.
[24]李争,张璐,王群京,等.基于响应面法的永磁转子偏转式三自由度电动机结构参数的优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(13):134-142.LI Zheng,ZHANG Lu,WANG Qunjing,et al.Optimal design of structure parameters of three-dof deflection type PM motor based on response surface methodology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Sosiety,2015,30(13):134-142.
[25]BARMUTA P,FERRANTI F,GIBIINO G P,et al.Compact behavioral models of nonlinear active devices using response wurface methodology[J].IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory&Techniques,2015,63(1):56-64.
[26]BARMUTA P,GIBIINO G P,FERRANTI F,et al.Nonlinear behavioral models of HEMTs using response surface methodology[C]∥International Conference on Numerical Electromagnetic Modeling and Optimization for RF,Microwave and Terahertz Applications.Pavia,Italy:IEEE,2014:1-4.
[27]SAHA S,CHOI G D,CHO Y H.Optimal rotor shape design of LSPM with efficiency and power factor improvement using response surface methodology[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):1-4.