西花蓟马对二斑叶螨为害后番茄的行为反应及挥发物成分分析
|
摘要
【目的】为明确二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae为害番茄后诱导的防御反应对西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis行为的影响。【方法】采用四臂嗅觉仪测定了西花蓟马对二斑叶螨不同密度和时间为害后番茄植株的选择行为,并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定了不同处理下番茄挥发物的成分,比较了它们的异同。【结果】西花蓟马对二斑叶螨不同为害株的选择率与为害时间和为害密度密切相关,并且西花蓟马对二斑叶螨为害程度居中的番茄喜好性强。10种不同处理番茄挥发性物质种类、含量及其比例在各处理间存在较大差异,二斑叶螨为害后诱导番茄新产生了香橙烯,并且在为害程度较高的番茄上检测到邻-异丙基苯、2-甲基-1-丁醇和(E)-2-己烯醛3种化合物。结合嗅觉仪的结果,推测间伞花烃和邻-异丙基苯对西花蓟马具有一定的驱避作用,对伞花烃和1-辛烯-3-醇对西花蓟马具有一定的引诱作用。【结论】西花蓟马对二斑叶螨为害程度居中的番茄植株有一定的偏好,二斑叶螨为害能诱导番茄挥发物种类和含量的变化,并且与螨害的密度和时间有关。
[Objectives] To investigate the effects of tomato plants infested with Tetranychus urticae on the behavioral responses of Frankliniella occidentalis. [Methods] The behavioral responses of F. occidentalis to tomato plants infested with different densities of T. urticae for different periods of time were tested in a four-armed olfactometer. Volatiles emitted by tomato plants with different densities of T. urticae were identified by GC-MS and compared. [Results] The preference of F. occidentalis for tomato plants infested with T. urticae was closely related to the period of infestation and density. F. occidentalis was more likely to select tomato plants with a moderate amount of damage. Volatile compounds differed among tomato plants with different densities and durations of infestation by T. urticae; Aromadendrene. O-Cymene, 2-Methyl-1-Butanol and(E)-2-Hexenal were only emitted by plants with a relatively high degree of damage. M-Cymene and O-Cymene could be repellent to F. occidentalis, whereas P-Cymene and 1-Octen-3-ol are attractive to this species. [Conclusion] F. occidentalis were most attracted to tomato plants that had sustained moderate damage from T. urticae. Different densities and durations of infestation by T. urticae affected the volatile compounds emitted by tomato plants.
[Objectives] To investigate the effects of tomato plants infested with Tetranychus urticae on the behavioral responses of Frankliniella occidentalis. [Methods] The behavioral responses of F. occidentalis to tomato plants infested with different densities of T. urticae for different periods of time were tested in a four-armed olfactometer. Volatiles emitted by tomato plants with different densities of T. urticae were identified by GC-MS and compared. [Results] The preference of F. occidentalis for tomato plants infested with T. urticae was closely related to the period of infestation and density. F. occidentalis was more likely to select tomato plants with a moderate amount of damage. Volatile compounds differed among tomato plants with different densities and durations of infestation by T. urticae; Aromadendrene. O-Cymene, 2-Methyl-1-Butanol and(E)-2-Hexenal were only emitted by plants with a relatively high degree of damage. M-Cymene and O-Cymene could be repellent to F. occidentalis, whereas P-Cymene and 1-Octen-3-ol are attractive to this species. [Conclusion] F. occidentalis were most attracted to tomato plants that had sustained moderate damage from T. urticae. Different densities and durations of infestation by T. urticae affected the volatile compounds emitted by tomato plants.
引文
Bleeker PM,Diergaarde PJ,Ament K,JoséG,Monique W,Stefan S,de Both MT,Haring MA,Schuurink RC,2009.The role of\specific tomato volatiles in tomato-whitefly interaction.Plant\sPhysiology,151(2):925?935.
Dicke M,Van Beek TA,Posthumus MA,Ben Dom N,Van\sBokhoven H,De Groot A,1990.Isolation and identification of\svolatile kairmone that affects acarine predator-prey interactions:Involvement of host plant in its production.Journal of Chemical\sEcology,16(2):381?396.
Dicke M,Van Loon JJA,Soler R,2009.Chemical complexity of\svolatiles from plants induced by multiple attack.Nature\sChemical Biology,5(5):317?324.
Du JW,2001.Plant-insect chemical communication and its behavior\scontrol.Acta Phytophsiologica Sinica,27(3):193?200.[杜家纬,2001.植物-昆虫间的化学通讯及其行为控制.植物生理学报,27(3):193?200.]
Girling RD,Hassall M,2008.Behavioural response of the\sseven-spotladybird Coccinella septempunctata to plant\sheadspace chemicals collected from four crop brassicas and\sArabidopsis thaliana,infested with Myzus pesicae.Agricultural\sand Forest Entomology,10(4):29?306.
He DH,Zhao XP,Jin QH,Zhang BB,Liu C,2001.Dispersion of\stwo spotted spider mites,Tetranychus urticae Koch,and its\sselection of host plants on farmland in Ning Xia.Chinese Journal\sof Applied and Environmental Biology,7(5):447?451.[贺达汉,赵晓萍,靳巧红,张蓓蓓,刘超,2001.宁夏地区二斑叶螨的寄主植物选择及其季节转移.应用与环境生物学报,7(5):447?451.]
Hall DG,2014.Interference by western flower thrips in rearing\sAsian citrus psyllid:Damage to host plants and facultative\spredation.Crop Protection,60:66?69.
Hong XY,Xue XF,Wang JJ,Dou W,Zhang YX,Chen HJ,Zhang\sJY,Qiu GS,Hu JH,Wang SL,Yu LC,Shen HM,Sun RH,Guo\sJJ,Wu WN,Guo MF,Zhang JP,Chen BX,Song ZW,Gui LY,2013.Integrated control techniques for spider mites on important\scrops.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,50(2):321?328.[洪晓月,薛晓峰,王进军,豆威,张艳璇,陈汉杰,张金勇,仇贵生,胡军华,王少丽,余丽辰,沈慧敏,孙瑞红,郭建军,吴伟南,郭明昉,张建萍,陈炳旭,宋子伟,桂连友,2013.作物重要叶螨综合防控技术研究与示范推广.应用昆虫学报,50(2):321?328.]
Janssen A,Willemse E,Van Der Hammen T,2003.Poor Host plant\squality causes omnivore to consume predator eggs.Journal of\sAnimal Ecology,72(3):478?483.
Kessler A,Baldwin IT,2004.Herbivore-induced plant vaccination.Part I.The orchestration of plant defenses in nature and their\sfitness consequences in the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuate.The Plant Journal,38(4):639?649.
Leroy PD,Schillings T,Farmakidis J,Heuskin S,Lognay G,Verheggen FJ,Brostaux Y,Haubeuge E,Francis F,2012.Testing\ssemiochemicals from aphid,plant and conspecific:attraction of\sHarmonia axyridis.Insect Science,19(3):372?382.
Li C,Williams MM,Loh YT,Lee GI,Howe GA,2002.Resistance\sof cultivated tomato to cell content-feeding herbivore is\sregulated by the octadecanoid-signaling pathway.Plant\sPhysiology,130(1):494?503.
Li YY,Zhou XR,Pang BP,Han HB,Yan F,2013.Behavioral\sresponses of Hippodamia variegate(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)to volatiles from plants infested by Aphis gossypii(Hemiptera:Aphidae)and analysis of volatile components.Acta\sEntomologica Sinica,56(2):153?160.[李艳艳,周晓榕,庞保平,韩海斌,闫锋,2013.多异瓢虫对瓜蚜为害后植物挥发物的行为反应及挥发物成分分析.昆虫学报,56(2):153?160.]
Lou YG,Cheng JA,2000.Herbivore-induced plant volatiles:primary characteristics,ecological functions and itsrelease\smechanism.Acta Ecological Sinica,20(6):1097?1106.[娄永根,程家安,2000.虫害诱导的植物挥发物:基本特性、生态学功能和释放机制.生态学报,20(6):1097?1106.]
Lv YB,Zhang ZJ,Wu QJ,Du YZ,Zhang HR,Yu Y,Wang WD,Wang MH,Wang MQ,Tong XL,Lv LH,Tan XQ,Fu WD,2011.Research progress of the monitoring,forecast and sustainable\smanagement of invasive alien pest Franlkliniella occidentalis in\sChina.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,48(3):488?496.[吕要斌,张治军,吴青君,杜予州,张宏瑞,于毅,王恩东,王鸣华,王满囷,童晓立,吕利华,谭新球,付卫东,2011.外来入侵害虫西花蓟马防控技术研究与示范.应用昆虫学报,48(3):488?496.]
Maanen RV,Broufas G,Oveja MF,Sabelis MW,Janssen A,2012.Intragulid predation among plant pests:western flower thrips\slarvae feed on whitefly crawlers.Bio Control,57(4):533?539.
Martini X,Kincy N,Vaughn K,Dever J,Nansen C,2013.Positive\sass association between thrips and spider mites in seedling cotton.Agricultural and Forest Entomology,15(2):197?203.
Meng HS,Wang KY,Jiang XY,Yi MQ,2001.Occurrence\scharacteristics of Tetranychus urticae and its control methods.Entomlogical Knowledge,38(1):52?54.[孟和生,王开运,姜兴印,仪美芹,2001.二斑叶螨发生危害特点及防治对策.昆虫知识,38(1):52?54.]
Murugan M,Dhandapani N,2007.Induced systemic resistance\sactivates defense responses to interspecific insect infestations on\stomato.Journal of Vegetable Science,12(3):43?62.
Pallini A,Janssen A,Sabelis MW,1997.Odour-mediated responses\sof phytophagous mites to conspecific and heterospecific\scompetitors.Oecologia,110(2):179?185.
Pallini A,Janssen A,Sabelis MW,1998.Predators induce\sinterspecific herbivore competition for food in refuge space.Ecology Letters,1(3):171?177.
Pei CY,Zheng CY,2011.Selectivity of Franlkliniella occidentalis(Pergande)on different host vegetables.Chinese Journal of\sEco-Agriculture,19(2):383?387.[裴昌莹,郑长英,2011.西花蓟马对不同蔬菜寄主的选择性研究.中国生态农业学报,19(2):383?387.]
Qin QJ,Gao XW,2005.Plant defense responses induced by insect\sherbivory.Acta Entomologica Sinica,48(1):125?134.[秦秋菊,高希武,2005.昆虫取食诱导的植物防御反应.昆虫学报,48(1):125?134.]
Roda A,Nyrop J,Dicke M,English-Loeb G,2000.Trichomes and\sspider-mite webbing protect predatory mite eggs from intraguild\spredation.Oecologia,125(3):438?435.
Takabayashi J,Dicke M,Posthumus MA,1994a.Volatile\sherbivore-induced terpenoids in plant mite interactions:variation\scaused by biotic and abiotic factors.Journal of Chemical\sEcology,20(6):1329?1354.
Takabayashi J,Dicke M,Takahashi S,Posthumus MA,Beek TAV,1994b.Leaf age affects composition of herbivore-induced\ssynomones and attraction of predatory mites.Journal of\sChemical Ecology,20(2):373?386.
Thaler JS,Farag MA,Pare PW,Dicke M,2002.Jasmonatc-deficient\splants have reduceddirect and indirect defence against herbivores.Ecology Letters,5(6):764?774.
Tian T,Zhi JR,Mou F,2014.The interactions between volatiles and\sselectivity of Franlkliniella occidentalis to kidney bean damaged\sby Tetranychus urticae.Plant Protection,40(1):77?83.[田甜,郅军锐,牟峰,2014.西花蓟马对二斑叶螨为害菜豆的选择性与挥发物的关系.植物保护,40(1):77?83.]
Yan FM,2011.Chemical Ecology.Beijing:Science Press.93?98.[闫凤鸣,2011.化学生态学.北京:科学出版社.93?98.]
Yuan CM,Zhi JR,Cao Y,Ma H,2011.Selectivity of Franlkliniella\soccidentalis to vegetable hosts.Acta Ecological Sinica,31(6):1720?1726.[袁成明,郅军锐,曹宇,马恒,2011.西花蓟马对蔬菜寄主的选择性.生态学报,31(6):1720?1726.]
Yue Z,2012.The research of interpecies competition between\sFranlkliniella occidentalis and Tetranychus urticae.Master\sThesis.Guiyang:Guizhou University.[岳臻,2012.西花蓟马与二斑叶螨种间关系研究.硕士学位论文.贵阳:贵州大学.]
Dicke M,Van Beek TA,Posthumus MA,Ben Dom N,Van\sBokhoven H,De Groot A,1990.Isolation and identification of\svolatile kairmone that affects acarine predator-prey interactions:Involvement of host plant in its production.Journal of Chemical\sEcology,16(2):381?396.
Dicke M,Van Loon JJA,Soler R,2009.Chemical complexity of\svolatiles from plants induced by multiple attack.Nature\sChemical Biology,5(5):317?324.
Du JW,2001.Plant-insect chemical communication and its behavior\scontrol.Acta Phytophsiologica Sinica,27(3):193?200.[杜家纬,2001.植物-昆虫间的化学通讯及其行为控制.植物生理学报,27(3):193?200.]
Girling RD,Hassall M,2008.Behavioural response of the\sseven-spotladybird Coccinella septempunctata to plant\sheadspace chemicals collected from four crop brassicas and\sArabidopsis thaliana,infested with Myzus pesicae.Agricultural\sand Forest Entomology,10(4):29?306.
He DH,Zhao XP,Jin QH,Zhang BB,Liu C,2001.Dispersion of\stwo spotted spider mites,Tetranychus urticae Koch,and its\sselection of host plants on farmland in Ning Xia.Chinese Journal\sof Applied and Environmental Biology,7(5):447?451.[贺达汉,赵晓萍,靳巧红,张蓓蓓,刘超,2001.宁夏地区二斑叶螨的寄主植物选择及其季节转移.应用与环境生物学报,7(5):447?451.]
Hall DG,2014.Interference by western flower thrips in rearing\sAsian citrus psyllid:Damage to host plants and facultative\spredation.Crop Protection,60:66?69.
Hong XY,Xue XF,Wang JJ,Dou W,Zhang YX,Chen HJ,Zhang\sJY,Qiu GS,Hu JH,Wang SL,Yu LC,Shen HM,Sun RH,Guo\sJJ,Wu WN,Guo MF,Zhang JP,Chen BX,Song ZW,Gui LY,2013.Integrated control techniques for spider mites on important\scrops.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,50(2):321?328.[洪晓月,薛晓峰,王进军,豆威,张艳璇,陈汉杰,张金勇,仇贵生,胡军华,王少丽,余丽辰,沈慧敏,孙瑞红,郭建军,吴伟南,郭明昉,张建萍,陈炳旭,宋子伟,桂连友,2013.作物重要叶螨综合防控技术研究与示范推广.应用昆虫学报,50(2):321?328.]
Janssen A,Willemse E,Van Der Hammen T,2003.Poor Host plant\squality causes omnivore to consume predator eggs.Journal of\sAnimal Ecology,72(3):478?483.
Kessler A,Baldwin IT,2004.Herbivore-induced plant vaccination.Part I.The orchestration of plant defenses in nature and their\sfitness consequences in the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuate.The Plant Journal,38(4):639?649.
Leroy PD,Schillings T,Farmakidis J,Heuskin S,Lognay G,Verheggen FJ,Brostaux Y,Haubeuge E,Francis F,2012.Testing\ssemiochemicals from aphid,plant and conspecific:attraction of\sHarmonia axyridis.Insect Science,19(3):372?382.
Li C,Williams MM,Loh YT,Lee GI,Howe GA,2002.Resistance\sof cultivated tomato to cell content-feeding herbivore is\sregulated by the octadecanoid-signaling pathway.Plant\sPhysiology,130(1):494?503.
Li YY,Zhou XR,Pang BP,Han HB,Yan F,2013.Behavioral\sresponses of Hippodamia variegate(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)to volatiles from plants infested by Aphis gossypii(Hemiptera:Aphidae)and analysis of volatile components.Acta\sEntomologica Sinica,56(2):153?160.[李艳艳,周晓榕,庞保平,韩海斌,闫锋,2013.多异瓢虫对瓜蚜为害后植物挥发物的行为反应及挥发物成分分析.昆虫学报,56(2):153?160.]
Lou YG,Cheng JA,2000.Herbivore-induced plant volatiles:primary characteristics,ecological functions and itsrelease\smechanism.Acta Ecological Sinica,20(6):1097?1106.[娄永根,程家安,2000.虫害诱导的植物挥发物:基本特性、生态学功能和释放机制.生态学报,20(6):1097?1106.]
Lv YB,Zhang ZJ,Wu QJ,Du YZ,Zhang HR,Yu Y,Wang WD,Wang MH,Wang MQ,Tong XL,Lv LH,Tan XQ,Fu WD,2011.Research progress of the monitoring,forecast and sustainable\smanagement of invasive alien pest Franlkliniella occidentalis in\sChina.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,48(3):488?496.[吕要斌,张治军,吴青君,杜予州,张宏瑞,于毅,王恩东,王鸣华,王满囷,童晓立,吕利华,谭新球,付卫东,2011.外来入侵害虫西花蓟马防控技术研究与示范.应用昆虫学报,48(3):488?496.]
Maanen RV,Broufas G,Oveja MF,Sabelis MW,Janssen A,2012.Intragulid predation among plant pests:western flower thrips\slarvae feed on whitefly crawlers.Bio Control,57(4):533?539.
Martini X,Kincy N,Vaughn K,Dever J,Nansen C,2013.Positive\sass association between thrips and spider mites in seedling cotton.Agricultural and Forest Entomology,15(2):197?203.
Meng HS,Wang KY,Jiang XY,Yi MQ,2001.Occurrence\scharacteristics of Tetranychus urticae and its control methods.Entomlogical Knowledge,38(1):52?54.[孟和生,王开运,姜兴印,仪美芹,2001.二斑叶螨发生危害特点及防治对策.昆虫知识,38(1):52?54.]
Murugan M,Dhandapani N,2007.Induced systemic resistance\sactivates defense responses to interspecific insect infestations on\stomato.Journal of Vegetable Science,12(3):43?62.
Pallini A,Janssen A,Sabelis MW,1997.Odour-mediated responses\sof phytophagous mites to conspecific and heterospecific\scompetitors.Oecologia,110(2):179?185.
Pallini A,Janssen A,Sabelis MW,1998.Predators induce\sinterspecific herbivore competition for food in refuge space.Ecology Letters,1(3):171?177.
Pei CY,Zheng CY,2011.Selectivity of Franlkliniella occidentalis(Pergande)on different host vegetables.Chinese Journal of\sEco-Agriculture,19(2):383?387.[裴昌莹,郑长英,2011.西花蓟马对不同蔬菜寄主的选择性研究.中国生态农业学报,19(2):383?387.]
Qin QJ,Gao XW,2005.Plant defense responses induced by insect\sherbivory.Acta Entomologica Sinica,48(1):125?134.[秦秋菊,高希武,2005.昆虫取食诱导的植物防御反应.昆虫学报,48(1):125?134.]
Roda A,Nyrop J,Dicke M,English-Loeb G,2000.Trichomes and\sspider-mite webbing protect predatory mite eggs from intraguild\spredation.Oecologia,125(3):438?435.
Takabayashi J,Dicke M,Posthumus MA,1994a.Volatile\sherbivore-induced terpenoids in plant mite interactions:variation\scaused by biotic and abiotic factors.Journal of Chemical\sEcology,20(6):1329?1354.
Takabayashi J,Dicke M,Takahashi S,Posthumus MA,Beek TAV,1994b.Leaf age affects composition of herbivore-induced\ssynomones and attraction of predatory mites.Journal of\sChemical Ecology,20(2):373?386.
Thaler JS,Farag MA,Pare PW,Dicke M,2002.Jasmonatc-deficient\splants have reduceddirect and indirect defence against herbivores.Ecology Letters,5(6):764?774.
Tian T,Zhi JR,Mou F,2014.The interactions between volatiles and\sselectivity of Franlkliniella occidentalis to kidney bean damaged\sby Tetranychus urticae.Plant Protection,40(1):77?83.[田甜,郅军锐,牟峰,2014.西花蓟马对二斑叶螨为害菜豆的选择性与挥发物的关系.植物保护,40(1):77?83.]
Yan FM,2011.Chemical Ecology.Beijing:Science Press.93?98.[闫凤鸣,2011.化学生态学.北京:科学出版社.93?98.]
Yuan CM,Zhi JR,Cao Y,Ma H,2011.Selectivity of Franlkliniella\soccidentalis to vegetable hosts.Acta Ecological Sinica,31(6):1720?1726.[袁成明,郅军锐,曹宇,马恒,2011.西花蓟马对蔬菜寄主的选择性.生态学报,31(6):1720?1726.]
Yue Z,2012.The research of interpecies competition between\sFranlkliniella occidentalis and Tetranychus urticae.Master\sThesis.Guiyang:Guizhou University.[岳臻,2012.西花蓟马与二斑叶螨种间关系研究.硕士学位论文.贵阳:贵州大学.]