基于生态位理论的河北平原地下水开采潜力评价
|
摘要
传统的地下水开采潜力评价方法主要采用单个指标进行评价,难以全面科学地反映地下水开采潜力的影响要素。地下水的空间分布、动态变化受到经济社会发展、开采技术等多个因素影响,也与自身调节有关,这与生态位理论的观念吻合。文中提出地下水生态位的定义、计算公式;对河北平原9个主要城市进行地下水生态位计算、聚类分析,分析其地下水开采潜力;并与传统方法的评价结果进行对比。结果表明:除保定、秦皇岛和廊坊外,其他城市的两种方法的评价结果大致相似;差异分析说明地下水生态位的评价方法更全面、科学合理且符合实际。生态位理论将为地下水开采潜力评价分析提供一种新的、甚至是根本性的尝试。
The groundwater exploitation potentiality evaluation,a part of the groundwater resources evaluation,is aimed at providing references for the groundwater management,planning and development.Traditional evaluation methods,using single indicator for evaluation,fail to take into account all the factors affecting the groundwater exploitation potential.Thus it is of great importance to develop a more comprehensive evaluation method and theory.The idea,that the spatial distribution and dynamic change of groundwater are not only affected by the socio-economic development and exploitation technology,but also influenced by selfregulation,agrees with Niche Theory.In this paper,following a discussion on the definition of groundwater niche and its calculation formula and evaluation index system,the groundwater niche calculations,as well as analyses of groundwater niche clustering and exploitation potential were carried out in 9 cities in the Hebei Plain.The results were compared with those obtained using the traditional methods.As the results show,the evaluation method based on Niche Theory ranks the groundwater exploitation potential for the 9 cities,from high to low,as Tangshan,Xingtai,Handan,Baoding,Langfang,Hengshui,Shijiazhuang,Cangzhou and Qinhuangdao.Compared with the traditional methods,the two evaluation approaches yield similar ranking results with the exceptions of Baoding,Qinhuangdao and Langfang.The discrepancy demonstrates that the evaluation method based on Niche Theory,as described in this paper,is more comprehensive,scientific,rational and realistic.We believe Niche Theory will provide a new and may even be a paradigm shift in our approach for the evaluation of groundwater exploitation potentiality.
The groundwater exploitation potentiality evaluation,a part of the groundwater resources evaluation,is aimed at providing references for the groundwater management,planning and development.Traditional evaluation methods,using single indicator for evaluation,fail to take into account all the factors affecting the groundwater exploitation potential.Thus it is of great importance to develop a more comprehensive evaluation method and theory.The idea,that the spatial distribution and dynamic change of groundwater are not only affected by the socio-economic development and exploitation technology,but also influenced by selfregulation,agrees with Niche Theory.In this paper,following a discussion on the definition of groundwater niche and its calculation formula and evaluation index system,the groundwater niche calculations,as well as analyses of groundwater niche clustering and exploitation potential were carried out in 9 cities in the Hebei Plain.The results were compared with those obtained using the traditional methods.As the results show,the evaluation method based on Niche Theory ranks the groundwater exploitation potential for the 9 cities,from high to low,as Tangshan,Xingtai,Handan,Baoding,Langfang,Hengshui,Shijiazhuang,Cangzhou and Qinhuangdao.Compared with the traditional methods,the two evaluation approaches yield similar ranking results with the exceptions of Baoding,Qinhuangdao and Langfang.The discrepancy demonstrates that the evaluation method based on Niche Theory,as described in this paper,is more comprehensive,scientific,rational and realistic.We believe Niche Theory will provide a new and may even be a paradigm shift in our approach for the evaluation of groundwater exploitation potentiality.
引文
[1]李微芳,冯跃铃.北京市地下水开采现状及开采潜力分析[J].海河水利,1983(1):58-60.
[2]刘花台,郭占荣,董华,等.西北地区地下水可利用量及开采潜力分析[J].水文,2000(6):17-20.
[3]王贵玲,刘志明,刘花台,等.地下水潜力评价方法[J].水文地质工程地质,2003(1):63-66,72.
[4]叶超,李宇,田茂勇.基于GIS的地下水水源地补给潜力探讨[J].水文地质工程地质,2005(1):67-69.
[5]乔晓英,王文科,孔金玲.GIS支持下的河西走廊黑河中游盆地地下水资源评价与潜力分析[J].干旱区地理,2005(2):219-224.
[6]邓铭江.新疆地下水资源开发利用现状及潜力分析[J].干旱区地理,2009(5):647-654.
[7]OIKONOMIDIS D,KAZAKIS N,VOUDOURIS K.A GIS Remote Sensing-based methodology for groundwater potentiality assessment in Tirnavos area,Greece[J].Journal of Hydrology,2015,56(3):197-208.
[8]MAGESH N S,CHANDRASEKAR N,JOHN P S.Delineation of groundwater potential zones in Theni district,Tamil Nadu,using remote sensing,GIS and MIF techniques[J].Geoscience Frontiers,2012,3(2):189-196.
[9]王家兵,李平,张百鸣,等.天津平原地下水可开采量与确定依据[J].地学前缘,2010(6):221-226.
[10]GRINNELL J.The niche-relationship of the California Thrasher[J].Auk,1917,34:427-433.
[11]林晓.基于生态位理论的企业竞争战略分析[J].南京林业大学学报(人文社会科学版),2003,3(3):58-61.
[12]向延平,向昌国,陈友莲.生态位理论在张家界市主要旅游景区评价中的应用[J].应用生态学报,2010(5):1315-1320.
[13]欧阳志云,王如松.生态位适宜度模型及其在土地利用适宜性评价中的应用[J].生态学报,1996,16(2):113-120.
[14]杨效文,马继盛.生态位有关术语的定义及计算公式评述[J].生态学杂志,1992(2):46-51,37.
[15]朱春全.生态位态势理论与扩充假说[J].生态学报,1997,17(3):324-332.
[16]HUTCHINSON G E.Concluding remarks.Cold Spring Harbor Symposia[J].Quantitative Biology,1957,22(2):415-427.
[17]周仰效.地下水-陆生植被系统研究评述[J].地学前缘,2010,17(6):21-30.
[18]TROFIMOV V T,ANDREEVA T V.Ecological geological system and their types,position in the ecosystems structureand tasks of the investigation[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2010,17(2):425-438.
[19]HANCOCK P J,HUNT R J,BOULTON A J.Preface:hydrogeo-ecology,the interdisciplinary study of groundwater dependent ecosystems[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2009,17(1):1-3.
[20]万力,曹文炳,胡伏生,等.生态水文学与生态水文地质学[J].地质通报,2005,24(8):700-703.
[21]金晓媚,万力,张幼宽,等.银川平原植被生长与地下水关系研究[J].地学前缘,2007,14(3):197-203.
[22]YU K N,LIAO A R.Primary study on evaluation index system for groundwater exploitation potentiality based on the niche theories[J].Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering,2016,4(1):18-25.
[23]温荣平.河北省地下水超采及造成的危害和治理[J].水利科技与经济,2015(12):10-12.
[24]袁再健,许元则,谢栌乐.河北平原农田耗水与地下水动态及粮食生产相互关系分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2014(8):904-910.
[25]王欣宝,张树刚,谷明旭,等.关于河北平原区深层地下水资源属性的探讨[J].地学前缘,2012,19(6):243-247.
[26]刘煜,李玉龙,靳潇锐,等.“十一五”期间河北平原地下水动态及其影响因素浅析[J].地下水,2015(6):52-55.
[27]WHITTAKER R H,ROOT R B.On the reasons for distinguishing“Niche,Habitat,and Ecotope”[J].The American Naturalist,1975,109:479-482.
[28]张兆吉,费宇红,陈宗宇,等.华北平原地下水可持续利用调查评价[M].北京:地质出版社,2009:200-471.
[29]张兆吉,费宇红,陈宗宇,等.华北平原地下水可持续利用图集[M].北京:中国地图出版社,2009:10-15,92-113,144-185.
[30]雒国忠.河北地下水污染调查评价[R].石家庄:河北省环境地质勘查院,2009.
[31]陈望和.河北地下水[M].北京:地震出版社,1999:1-539.
[32]国家统计局国民经济综合统计司.中国区域经济统计年鉴(1997—2003)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2003:200-500.
[33]石建省,王昭,张兆吉,等.华北平原深层地下水超采程度计算与分析[J].地学前缘,2010,17(6):215-220.
[34]王宇.从水土环境要素研究河北保定—沧州地区湿地演变[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2012.
[35]左文喆.秦皇岛洋戴河平原海水入侵调查与研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2006.
[36]孟凡杰.秦皇岛市海岸带地下水资源的合理开采利用[J].海洋地质前沿,2004,12:22-25,38.
[2]刘花台,郭占荣,董华,等.西北地区地下水可利用量及开采潜力分析[J].水文,2000(6):17-20.
[3]王贵玲,刘志明,刘花台,等.地下水潜力评价方法[J].水文地质工程地质,2003(1):63-66,72.
[4]叶超,李宇,田茂勇.基于GIS的地下水水源地补给潜力探讨[J].水文地质工程地质,2005(1):67-69.
[5]乔晓英,王文科,孔金玲.GIS支持下的河西走廊黑河中游盆地地下水资源评价与潜力分析[J].干旱区地理,2005(2):219-224.
[6]邓铭江.新疆地下水资源开发利用现状及潜力分析[J].干旱区地理,2009(5):647-654.
[7]OIKONOMIDIS D,KAZAKIS N,VOUDOURIS K.A GIS Remote Sensing-based methodology for groundwater potentiality assessment in Tirnavos area,Greece[J].Journal of Hydrology,2015,56(3):197-208.
[8]MAGESH N S,CHANDRASEKAR N,JOHN P S.Delineation of groundwater potential zones in Theni district,Tamil Nadu,using remote sensing,GIS and MIF techniques[J].Geoscience Frontiers,2012,3(2):189-196.
[9]王家兵,李平,张百鸣,等.天津平原地下水可开采量与确定依据[J].地学前缘,2010(6):221-226.
[10]GRINNELL J.The niche-relationship of the California Thrasher[J].Auk,1917,34:427-433.
[11]林晓.基于生态位理论的企业竞争战略分析[J].南京林业大学学报(人文社会科学版),2003,3(3):58-61.
[12]向延平,向昌国,陈友莲.生态位理论在张家界市主要旅游景区评价中的应用[J].应用生态学报,2010(5):1315-1320.
[13]欧阳志云,王如松.生态位适宜度模型及其在土地利用适宜性评价中的应用[J].生态学报,1996,16(2):113-120.
[14]杨效文,马继盛.生态位有关术语的定义及计算公式评述[J].生态学杂志,1992(2):46-51,37.
[15]朱春全.生态位态势理论与扩充假说[J].生态学报,1997,17(3):324-332.
[16]HUTCHINSON G E.Concluding remarks.Cold Spring Harbor Symposia[J].Quantitative Biology,1957,22(2):415-427.
[17]周仰效.地下水-陆生植被系统研究评述[J].地学前缘,2010,17(6):21-30.
[18]TROFIMOV V T,ANDREEVA T V.Ecological geological system and their types,position in the ecosystems structureand tasks of the investigation[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2010,17(2):425-438.
[19]HANCOCK P J,HUNT R J,BOULTON A J.Preface:hydrogeo-ecology,the interdisciplinary study of groundwater dependent ecosystems[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2009,17(1):1-3.
[20]万力,曹文炳,胡伏生,等.生态水文学与生态水文地质学[J].地质通报,2005,24(8):700-703.
[21]金晓媚,万力,张幼宽,等.银川平原植被生长与地下水关系研究[J].地学前缘,2007,14(3):197-203.
[22]YU K N,LIAO A R.Primary study on evaluation index system for groundwater exploitation potentiality based on the niche theories[J].Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering,2016,4(1):18-25.
[23]温荣平.河北省地下水超采及造成的危害和治理[J].水利科技与经济,2015(12):10-12.
[24]袁再健,许元则,谢栌乐.河北平原农田耗水与地下水动态及粮食生产相互关系分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2014(8):904-910.
[25]王欣宝,张树刚,谷明旭,等.关于河北平原区深层地下水资源属性的探讨[J].地学前缘,2012,19(6):243-247.
[26]刘煜,李玉龙,靳潇锐,等.“十一五”期间河北平原地下水动态及其影响因素浅析[J].地下水,2015(6):52-55.
[27]WHITTAKER R H,ROOT R B.On the reasons for distinguishing“Niche,Habitat,and Ecotope”[J].The American Naturalist,1975,109:479-482.
[28]张兆吉,费宇红,陈宗宇,等.华北平原地下水可持续利用调查评价[M].北京:地质出版社,2009:200-471.
[29]张兆吉,费宇红,陈宗宇,等.华北平原地下水可持续利用图集[M].北京:中国地图出版社,2009:10-15,92-113,144-185.
[30]雒国忠.河北地下水污染调查评价[R].石家庄:河北省环境地质勘查院,2009.
[31]陈望和.河北地下水[M].北京:地震出版社,1999:1-539.
[32]国家统计局国民经济综合统计司.中国区域经济统计年鉴(1997—2003)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2003:200-500.
[33]石建省,王昭,张兆吉,等.华北平原深层地下水超采程度计算与分析[J].地学前缘,2010,17(6):215-220.
[34]王宇.从水土环境要素研究河北保定—沧州地区湿地演变[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2012.
[35]左文喆.秦皇岛洋戴河平原海水入侵调查与研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2006.
[36]孟凡杰.秦皇岛市海岸带地下水资源的合理开采利用[J].海洋地质前沿,2004,12:22-25,38.