移动增强现实在纸质地图中的应用
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摘要
纸质地图曾是人类进行空间认知的重要工具。随着信息时代的科技发展,电子地图、网络地图等地图产品迅速崛起,而纸质地图存在较多固有缺陷,如一经出版便无法再更改、实时性差、信息量有限、呈现方式静态、缺乏动态效果和交互性等,因此受到较大冲击。移动增强现实技术给纸质地图的多样化表达提供了新的方向,有着广阔的应用前景。本文在对移动增强现实关键技术进行分析的基础上,通过实验开发了一个基于纸质地图的移动增强现实系统,将视频、三维地形模型等数字媒体与纸质地图相结合,实现了纸质地图的增强表达。
Paper maps have been an important tool for human spatial cognition. In the wake of developments in science and technology,a variety of map products comes along. However,there are some inherent defects in the traditional paper map. For instance,it can't be changed once published; contains limited information; and its real-time performance is also poor. In addition,static rendering mode,lack of interaction and dynamic effect also slow down the development of traditional paper map. The mobile augmented reality makes it possible to present the traditional paper map vividly,and it has wide application prospects. In this paper,a mobile augmented reality system that can combine video,3D terrain model with paper map is developed for the augmented expression of paper map based on the analysis of the key technologies of mobile augmented reality.
Paper maps have been an important tool for human spatial cognition. In the wake of developments in science and technology,a variety of map products comes along. However,there are some inherent defects in the traditional paper map. For instance,it can't be changed once published; contains limited information; and its real-time performance is also poor. In addition,static rendering mode,lack of interaction and dynamic effect also slow down the development of traditional paper map. The mobile augmented reality makes it possible to present the traditional paper map vividly,and it has wide application prospects. In this paper,a mobile augmented reality system that can combine video,3D terrain model with paper map is developed for the augmented expression of paper map based on the analysis of the key technologies of mobile augmented reality.
引文
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[14]Paelke V,Sester M.Augmented paper maps:Exploring the design space of a mixed reality system[J].Isprs Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2010,65(3):256-265.
[15]张岸,庄剑顺,齐清文,等.基于增强现实技术的纸质地图增强表达与交互[J].热带地理,2012,32(5):476-480.
[16]方小娟,邬群勇.基于移动增强现实的纸质地图表达及其应用[J].微型机与应用,2014,33(7):41-43.
[17]王占刚,朱希安.移动地图增强现实系统设计与实现[J].北京信息科技大学学报:自然科学版,2016,31(5):36-40.
[18]徐旺,李爱光.纸地图增强现实对准技术研究[J].测绘科学技术学报,2016,33(2):185-190.
[2]李文霞,司占军,顾翀.浅谈增强现实技术[J].电脑知识与技术,2013,9(28):6 411-6 414.
[3]Julie Carmigniani,Borko Furht,Marco Anisetti,et al.Augmented reality technologies,systems and applications[J].Multimedia Tools&Applications,2011,51(1):341-377.
[4]Paul Milgram,Fumio Kishino.A Taxonomy of Mixed Reality Visula Display[J].IEICE Transactions on Infomation Systems,1994,77(12):1 321-1 329.
[5]RT.AZUMA.A survey of Augmented Reality[J].Presence Teleoperators&Virtual Environments,1997,6(4):355-385.
[6]Klopfer,E,Squire,K.Environmental detectives:the development of an augmented reality platform for environmental simulations.Educational Technology Researchand Development[J].2008,56(2),203-228.
[7]Chiu JL,De Jaegher CJ.Chao J.The effects of augmented virtual science laboratories on middle school students'understanding of gas properties[J].Computers&Education,2015,85(C):59-73.
[8]Bobrich J,Otto S.Augmented maps[J].International Archives of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences,2002,34(4):502-505.
[9]Teresa O,Dias E,Danado J,et al.Augmenting reality with geo-referenced information for environmental management[C]//ACM International Symposium on Advances in Geographic Information Systems,ACM,2002:175-180.
[10]Hedley N R,Billinghurst M,Postner L,et al.Explorations in the use of augmented reality for geographic visualization[J].Presence:Teleoperators and Virtual Environments,2002,11(2):119-133.
[11]Reitmayr G,Eade E,Drummond T.Localisation and Interaction for Augmented Maps[C]//IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality,2005,Proceedings,IEEE Xplore,2005:120-129.
[12]Morrison A,Oulasvirta A,Peltonen P,et al.Like Bees Around the Hive:A Comparative Study of a Mobile Augmented Reality Map[C]//International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems,CHI 2009,Boston,Ma,USA,2009:1 889-1 898.
[13]Uchiyama H,Saito H,Servières M,et al.AR City Representation System Based on Map Recognition Using Topological Information[J].Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2009,46(5 622):128-135.
[14]Paelke V,Sester M.Augmented paper maps:Exploring the design space of a mixed reality system[J].Isprs Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2010,65(3):256-265.
[15]张岸,庄剑顺,齐清文,等.基于增强现实技术的纸质地图增强表达与交互[J].热带地理,2012,32(5):476-480.
[16]方小娟,邬群勇.基于移动增强现实的纸质地图表达及其应用[J].微型机与应用,2014,33(7):41-43.
[17]王占刚,朱希安.移动地图增强现实系统设计与实现[J].北京信息科技大学学报:自然科学版,2016,31(5):36-40.
[18]徐旺,李爱光.纸地图增强现实对准技术研究[J].测绘科学技术学报,2016,33(2):185-190.