挤压喂入式香蕉秸秆脱水粉碎机的设计
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摘要
香蕉秸秆具有含水量高、秸秆粗大的特点,在海南很多农业生产中被当作废弃物处理,出现了浪费资源和污染环境的情况,而采用人工处理往往劳动强度大且粉碎不彻底。为此,基于海南香蕉种植模式,结合香蕉秸秆物理机械特性,提出了一种香蕉秸秆脱水粉碎处理方案,进而研制了挤压喂入式香蕉秸秆脱水粉碎机,通过理论研究及经验分析确定了挤压喂入式香蕉秸秆脱水粉碎机的关键部件结构及运动参数;采用理论建模,建立了喂入装置输送速度与秸秆粉碎装置切削速度之间的曲线模型。该机通过喂入辊挤压破坏香蕉茎秆纤维组织同时将香蕉茎秆匀速送入粉碎装置,秸秆粉碎刀径向垂直切割香蕉秸秆,从而达到粉碎后香蕉秸秆呈等长段状的效果。该机器的成功研制能有效降低热区蕉农的劳动强度,避免了秸秆资源浪费,有效促进香蕉秸秆的全面综合利用,促进了海南热区农业经济的发展。
Banana straw has the characteristics of high water content and coarse stalks. It has been treated as waste in many agricultural production in Hainan Province. Therefore,the waste of resources and the pollution of the environment appear,labor intensity is often high and crushing is not complete with manual treatment. Considering the problems above,based on Hainan banana plantation mode,combined with the physical and mechanical properties of banana stems,a banana stems dewatering and pulverizing treatment program,and then developed extruded feed banana straw dewatering and grinding machine,through theoretical research and empirical analysis to determine the structure of the key components of extruded banana straw dewatering and crushing machine and the movement parameters were established. The theoretical modeling was used to establish the curve model between the feeding speed of the feeding device and the cutting speed of the straw pulverizing device. The machine squeezed through the feeding roller destroy the banana stalk fiber tissue and the banana stalks into the crushing device uniform at the same time,straw crushing knife radial vertical cutting banana straw,so as to achieve crushed banana stalks showed equal length segment effect. The successful development of the machine can reduce the labor intensity of banana farmers effectively in hot zone,avoid the waste of straw resources,promote the comprehensive utilization of banana straw,and ultimately promote the development of agricultural economy in Hainan hot zone.
Banana straw has the characteristics of high water content and coarse stalks. It has been treated as waste in many agricultural production in Hainan Province. Therefore,the waste of resources and the pollution of the environment appear,labor intensity is often high and crushing is not complete with manual treatment. Considering the problems above,based on Hainan banana plantation mode,combined with the physical and mechanical properties of banana stems,a banana stems dewatering and pulverizing treatment program,and then developed extruded feed banana straw dewatering and grinding machine,through theoretical research and empirical analysis to determine the structure of the key components of extruded banana straw dewatering and crushing machine and the movement parameters were established. The theoretical modeling was used to establish the curve model between the feeding speed of the feeding device and the cutting speed of the straw pulverizing device. The machine squeezed through the feeding roller destroy the banana stalk fiber tissue and the banana stalks into the crushing device uniform at the same time,straw crushing knife radial vertical cutting banana straw,so as to achieve crushed banana stalks showed equal length segment effect. The successful development of the machine can reduce the labor intensity of banana farmers effectively in hot zone,avoid the waste of straw resources,promote the comprehensive utilization of banana straw,and ultimately promote the development of agricultural economy in Hainan hot zone.
引文
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[12]张喜瑞,甘声豹,郑侃,等.滚割喂入式卧轴甩刀香蕉假茎粉碎还田机设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015(4):33-41.
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[14]邱进,吴明亮.动定刀同轴水稻秸秆切碎还田装置结构设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(10):11-19.
[15]邱进.稻秸秆切碎装置设计与试验研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2015:70.
[16]何毅.农作物秸秆还田机械化技术应用及发展趋势分析[J].农业开发与装备,2013(7):56-57.
[17]董桥梁.轧片机压辊直径的探讨[J].粮油食品科技,1992(4):33.
[18]公菲,张喜瑞,李粤,等.液压式香蕉茎秆粉碎的设计[J].农机化研究,2018,40(3):60-64.
[19]张喜瑞,何进,李洪文,等.小麦免耕播种机驱动链式防堵装置设计[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(10):44-48.
[2]李金燐,张喜瑞,李粤,等.假茎回收式香蕉茎叶粉碎机的设计[J].农机化研究,2016,38(4):66-70.
[3]甘声豹.立式香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机关键部件优化设计与试验[D].海口:海南大学,2015:1-55.
[4]沈兆敏,李银国.我国香蕉生产现状及其持续发展对策[J].中国农业大学学报,1994,4(6):26-28.
[5]刘国欢,邝继云,李超,等.香蕉秸秆资源化利用的研究进展[J].可再生能源,2012,30(5):64-69.
[6]谢光辉,王晓玉,任兰天.中国作物秸秆资源评估研究现状[J].生物工程学报,2010,26(7):855-863.
[7]朱晓闯,张喜瑞,李粤,等.我国香蕉秸秆回收利用现状研究[J].价值工程,2011(34):273-274.
[8]邓怡国,孙伟生,王金丽,等.热带农业废弃物资源利用现状与分析—香蕉茎叶综合利用[J].广东农业科学,2011(1):19-22.
[9]雷武奎.香蕉产业升级配套技术及对策研究[J].广西农业科学,2008,39(3):397-400.
[10]朱德荣,常云朋.香蕉秸秆还田技术研究与装备设计[J].中国农机化,2012(1):140-143.
[11]甘声豹,李粤,张喜瑞,等.喂入式立轴甩刀香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(13):10-19.
[12]张喜瑞,甘声豹,郑侃,等.滚割喂入式卧轴甩刀香蕉假茎粉碎还田机设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015(4):33-41.
[13]张喜瑞,王自强.一种香蕉秸秆脱水粉碎机:中国,201610607306. 2.[P]. 2016-12-14.
[14]邱进,吴明亮.动定刀同轴水稻秸秆切碎还田装置结构设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(10):11-19.
[15]邱进.稻秸秆切碎装置设计与试验研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2015:70.
[16]何毅.农作物秸秆还田机械化技术应用及发展趋势分析[J].农业开发与装备,2013(7):56-57.
[17]董桥梁.轧片机压辊直径的探讨[J].粮油食品科技,1992(4):33.
[18]公菲,张喜瑞,李粤,等.液压式香蕉茎秆粉碎的设计[J].农机化研究,2018,40(3):60-64.
[19]张喜瑞,何进,李洪文,等.小麦免耕播种机驱动链式防堵装置设计[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(10):44-48.