东南亚地区城市扩张及驱动力分析
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摘要
针对东南亚地区城市化发展现状及城市扩张关联驱动要素的问题,该文通过提取研究地区城市主体建成区和不透水面,分析其城市扩张特征,然后从城市不透水面、城市人口和国内生产总值(GDP)3个方面,探讨2010—2015年6年中东南亚地区城市扩张状况,并对其城市扩张驱动力进行分析。研究结果表明:城市扩展强度与城市不透水面变化强度、城市人口增长率和人均GDP年增长率均具有显著相关性,相关系数分别为0.902、0.747和0.700,表明城市不透水面的增加、城市人口增长和经济水平提升均不同程度地影响东南亚地区城市扩张及其强度。通过对模型精度进行验证和分析得出多因子定量回归模型精度相对较高,说明结合多个城市扩张驱动因子共同衡量城市扩张变化效果更好。
With consideration of the current status of urbanization and the associated driving forces of urban expansion in Southeast Asia,this paper analyzed the characteristics of urban expansion by extracting the main built-up area and impervious surface of study area,then analyzed the correlation of urban expansion driving forces from three aspects include the impervious surface,urban population and gross domestic product(GDP),and then discussed the conditions of the urban expansion and analyzed its driving forces in the Southeast Asia from 2010 to 2015.The results showed that the urban expansion intensity(UEI)had a strong correlation with the impervious surface expansion intensity(ISEI),the growth rate of urban population and the growth rate of the per capita gross domestic product,the correlation coefficient are 0.902,0.747 and 0.700,respectively,the results indicated that the increase of impervious surface,the growth of population and the improvement of economic development level could facilitate the urban expansion in varying degrees.Through validation and further analysis showed that the multiple factors quantitative regression model was of high precision,illustrates that the combination of multiple urban expansion driving factors to measure urban expansion was more effective.
With consideration of the current status of urbanization and the associated driving forces of urban expansion in Southeast Asia,this paper analyzed the characteristics of urban expansion by extracting the main built-up area and impervious surface of study area,then analyzed the correlation of urban expansion driving forces from three aspects include the impervious surface,urban population and gross domestic product(GDP),and then discussed the conditions of the urban expansion and analyzed its driving forces in the Southeast Asia from 2010 to 2015.The results showed that the urban expansion intensity(UEI)had a strong correlation with the impervious surface expansion intensity(ISEI),the growth rate of urban population and the growth rate of the per capita gross domestic product,the correlation coefficient are 0.902,0.747 and 0.700,respectively,the results indicated that the increase of impervious surface,the growth of population and the improvement of economic development level could facilitate the urban expansion in varying degrees.Through validation and further analysis showed that the multiple factors quantitative regression model was of high precision,illustrates that the combination of multiple urban expansion driving factors to measure urban expansion was more effective.
引文
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[23]United Nations,Department of Economic and Social Affairs,Population Division.The world’s cities in 2016[M].[S.l.:s.n.],2016.
[2]蔡芫镔.城市化进程中闽江河口湿地生态系统动态演变特性及驱动机制研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2014.(CAI Yuanbin.Dynamic succession characteristics and driving mechanism of Minjiang estuarine wetland ecosystem in urbanization[D].Shanghai:Fudan University,2014.)
[3]吴宏安,蒋建军,周杰,等.西安城市扩张及其驱动力分析[J].地理学报,2005,60(1):143-150.(WU Hong’an,JIANG Jianjun,ZHOU Jie,et al.Dynamics of urban expansion in Xi’an city using Landsat TM/ETM+data[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2005,60(1):143-150.)
[4]黎显平,冯仲科,游先祥,等.县域城市扩张遥感动态监测及驱动力分析[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(5):798-806.(LI Xianping,FENG Zhongke,YOU Xianxiang,et al.Remote sensing dynamic monitoring and driving force analysis of county-cities expansion[J].Journal of Zhejiang A &F University,2016,33(5):798-806.)
[5]周静,李保杰,曹彦佳,等.1979—2008年徐州市城市空间扩展及驱动因素分析[J].地理信息世界,2011,9(3):46-50.(ZHOU Jing,LI Baojie,CAO Yanjia,et al.Analysis on urban spatial expansion process and driving forces in Xuzhou city in 1979—2008[J].Geomatics World,2011,9(3):46-50.)
[6]肖琳,田光进.天津城市扩展空间模式与驱动机制研究[J].资源科学,2014,36(7):1327-1335.(XIAO Lin,TIAN Guangjin.Study on spatial modes and driving mechanisms of Tianjin’s urban expansion[J].Resources Science,2014,36(7):1327-1335.)
[7]马建如,裴亮.基于高分一号卫星的城市扩张变化监测研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2017,40(6):61-64.(MA Jianru,PEI Liang.Study of urban expansion change monitoring based on GF-1[J].Geomatics &Spatial Information Technology,2017,40(6):61-64.)
[8]刘涛,曹广忠.城市用地扩张及驱动力研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2010,29(8):927-934.(LIU Tao,CAO Guangzhong.Progress in urban land expansion and its driving forces[J].Progress in Geography,2010,29(8):927-934.)
[9]雷军,吴世新,张雪艳,等.新疆天山北坡经济带城乡建设用地动态变化的时空特征[J].干旱区地理,2005,28(4):554-559.(LEI Jun,WU Shixin,ZHANG Xueyan,et al.Temporal-spatial characteristics of the urbanrural construction land use change in the north-piedmont economic zone of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang[J].Arid Land Geography,2005,28(4):554-559.)
[10]石诗源.江苏省城乡建设用地动态变化分析[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(7):2023-2025.(SHI Shiyuan.Analysis on dynamic change of the rural urban construction land use in Jiangsu[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2007,35(7):2023-2035.)
[11]刘倩倩.东南亚国家城市化发展与城市贫困问题[R].中国国际扶贫研究中心研究报告,2013:1-13.(LIU Qianqian.Research on the urbanization development and urban poverty in Southeast Asian countries[R].Research Report of International Poverty Reduction Center in China,2013:1-13.)
[12]张庭伟,吴浩军.关于东南亚城市发展研究的几个问题[J].规划师,2008,24(3):79-85.(ZHANG Tingwei,WU Haojun.Several issues on Southeast Asian cities evolution research[J].Planners,2008,24(3):79-85.)
[13]王芳,郇青鹤,柯佑鹏,等.东南亚—中国香蕉产业经济格局变化及思考[J].中国热带农业,2017(1):12-18.(WANG Fang,HUAN Qinghe,KE Youpeng,et al.Economic patterns changes and reflections of Southeast Asia and China’s banana industry[J].China Tropical Agriculture,2017(1):12-18.)
[14]United Nations,Department of Economic and Social Affairs,Population Division. World urbanization prospects:the 2014 revision,highlights[M].Ann Arbor,MI:[s.n.],2014.
[15]United Nations,Human Settlements Programme.State of the world’s cities 2012/2013:prosperity of cities[M].Ann Arbor,MI:ProQuest,2013.
[16]Association of Southeast Asian Nations.ASEANstats[EB/OL].(2017-07-11)[2017-10-31].https:∥data.aseanstats.org.
[17]徐涵秋,杜丽萍,孙晓丹.基于遥感指数的城市建城区界定与自动提取[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(5):707-712.(XU Hanqiu,DU Liping,SUN Xiaodan.Index-based definition and auto-extraction of the urban built-up region from remote sensing imagery[J].Journal of Fuzhou University(Natural Science Editon),2011,39(5):707-712.)
[18]王浩,卢善龙,吴炳方,等.不透水面遥感提取及应用研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2013,28(3):327-336.(WANG Hao,LU Shanlong,WU Bingfang,et al.Advances in remote sensing of impervious surfaces extraction and its applications[J].Advances in Earth Science,2013,28(3):327-336.)
[19]李昕瑜.近30年江苏省不透水面时空变化与城市扩展研究[D].南京:南京大学,2010.(LI Xinyu.On the urban growth of Jiangsu Province from 1985-2014based on impervious surface information from remote sensing imagery[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Unversity,2010.)
[20]BOORI M S,CHOUDHARY K,KUPRIYANOV A,et al.Satellite data for Singapore,Manila and Kuala Lumpur city growth analysis[J].Data in Brief,2016,7(C):1576-1583.
[21]刘盛和,吴传钧,沈洪泉.基于GIS的北京城市土地利用扩展模式[J].地理学报,2000,55(4):407-416.(LIU Shenghe,WU Chuanjun,SHEN Hongquan.A GIS based model of urban land use growth in Beijing[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2000,55(4):407-416.)
[22]高金龙,陈江龙,苏曦.中国城市扩张态势与驱动机理研究学派综述[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(5):743-754.(GAO Jinlong,CHEN Jianglong,SU Xi.Urban expansion and its driving mechanism in China:from three main shools’ perspectives[J].Progress in Geography,2013,32(5):743-754.)
[23]United Nations,Department of Economic and Social Affairs,Population Division.The world’s cities in 2016[M].[S.l.:s.n.],2016.