试论推进具有首都特点的乡村振兴战略
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摘要
推进具有首都特点的乡村振兴是新时代首都"三农"工作的根本要求。北京市作为国家首都和超大城市,具备首善之区的政治优势、超大城市带动优势、先发地区的经济优势和城乡人口的比例优势。当前,北京农村改革发展在城乡之间、乡村内部之间以及与其他地区发展之间存在较明显的差距。北京农村改革发展相对滞后的主要原因是"五重五轻",一是重战术用力、轻战略谋划,二是重物质投入、轻改革创新,三是重试点安排、轻制度建设,四是重政府主导、轻农民主体,五是重政策制定、轻立法保障。今后,应紧紧抓住首都城市战略定位、超大城市发展规模、疏解非首都功能、村庄形态分化、首善之区标准等特点,实现北京的乡村振兴。
Promoting the rural revitalization in Beijing areas is the fundamental requirement for the development of "agriculture, rural area and farmer" in the new era. As a capital and a super metropolis,Beijing's implementation of the rural revitalization strategy has the political advantage of the capital, the advance advantage of the super-metropolis, the economic advantage of the first-development regions,and the proportional advantage of the urban and rural population. At present, Beijing's rural reform and development has a clear gap between the urban area and rural area, among every rural area in Beijing,and rural areas in Beijing and other provinces. The main reasons for the lag in the rural reform and development in Beijing are summarized as "Five Attention and Five Negligence": firstly, paying more attention to reform method, and neglecting strategic planning; secondly, paying more attention to material investment, and neglecting reform and innovation; thirdly, paying more attention to experimental project,and neglecting system construction; fourthly, being dominated by the government to neglect the peasants' activation; fifthly, paying more attention to the policy formulation, and neglecting legislation guarantee.This paper proposes to closely grasp the characteristics of the capital strategic positioning, to focus on the development scale of super metropolis, to disintegrate the non-capital functions, to differentiate the village forms, and to use effectively the capital advantage, finally to plan the rural revitalization of the capital Beijing.
Promoting the rural revitalization in Beijing areas is the fundamental requirement for the development of "agriculture, rural area and farmer" in the new era. As a capital and a super metropolis,Beijing's implementation of the rural revitalization strategy has the political advantage of the capital, the advance advantage of the super-metropolis, the economic advantage of the first-development regions,and the proportional advantage of the urban and rural population. At present, Beijing's rural reform and development has a clear gap between the urban area and rural area, among every rural area in Beijing,and rural areas in Beijing and other provinces. The main reasons for the lag in the rural reform and development in Beijing are summarized as "Five Attention and Five Negligence": firstly, paying more attention to reform method, and neglecting strategic planning; secondly, paying more attention to material investment, and neglecting reform and innovation; thirdly, paying more attention to experimental project,and neglecting system construction; fourthly, being dominated by the government to neglect the peasants' activation; fifthly, paying more attention to the policy formulation, and neglecting legislation guarantee.This paper proposes to closely grasp the characteristics of the capital strategic positioning, to focus on the development scale of super metropolis, to disintegrate the non-capital functions, to differentiate the village forms, and to use effectively the capital advantage, finally to plan the rural revitalization of the capital Beijing.
引文
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[3]北京市统计局、国家统计局北京调查总队.北京市统计年鉴(2018)[Z/OL].(2018-11-05)[2018-12-16].http://tjj.beijing.gov.cn/nj/main/2018-tjnj/zk/indexch.htm.
[4]国家统计局.中华人民共和国国家统计年鉴[Z/OL].(2018-10-03)[2018-12-16].http://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=C01.
[5]上海市统计局、国家统计局上海调查总队.2017年上海市国民经济和社会发展统计公报[Z/OL].(2018-09-28)[2018-12-16].http://www.stats-sh.gov.cn/html/sjfb/201803/1001690.html.
[6]天津市统计局、国家统计局天津调查总队. 2017年天津市国民经济和社会发展统计公报[Z/OL].(2018-09-28)[2018-12-16].http://stats.tj.gov.cn/Item/28216.aspx.
[7]重庆市统计局、国家统计局重庆调查总队. 2017年重庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报[Z/OL].(2018-03-17)[2018-12-16].http://www.cqtj.gov.cn/tjsj/shuju/tjgb/201803/t20180316_447954.htm.
[8]北京市农研中心(市农经办)课题组.2017年北京市农村双层经营统计分析[R].北京:北京市农村经济研究中心,2018.
[9]吴为. 2017年北京低收入农户人均可支配收入超万元[N/OL].(2018-04-27)[2018-12-16].https://item.btime.co m/33hlov0lps39lupj1k9n7p2r7ov.
[10]浙江省统计局,国家统计局浙江调查总队.浙江省统计年鉴[Z/OL].(2018-09-01)[2018-12-16].http://tjj.zj.gov.cn/col/col1525563/index.html.
[11]北京市规划和国土资源管理委员会.《北京城市总体规划(2016年—2035年)》[S/OL].(2017-09-29)[2018-12-17].http://www.bjghw.gov.cn/web/ztgh/ztgh000.html.
[12]张英洪.从北京村庄分化实际谋划振兴[N].农民日报,2018-06-09(003).