盐渍化冻土-混凝土衬砌接触面直剪试验研究
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摘要
土与结构接触面的研究一直以来是岩土工程研究的热点之一。为研究位山灌区渠系工程冻害破坏问题,开展了不同盐类型、不同含盐量、不同含水率条件下渠道下卧盐渍土-混凝土衬砌冻结接触面直剪试验研究。结果表明:冻结状态下接触面的应力-位移破坏性状呈脆性破坏,存在明显的峰值应力;剪切变形包括线性变形和非线性变形,线性变形随含水率和含盐量的增大而减小,非线性变形随含盐量的增大而增加;剪切模量随含水率的增加而提高;随含盐量的增加而降低;抗剪强度随含水率的增加而增大,随Na Cl含盐量增加而降低,随Na2SO4含盐量增加先降低后升高;通过对变形能的分析发现,含水率w=14.7%和w=16.7%时具有相似特征,即Na Cl含量为0.5%时,曲线存在极(最)小值。
The study of interface between soil and structure has been one of the hot spots in geotechnical engineering research. In order to study the frost damage of canal system in Weishan irrigation district,under the conditions of different salt species,different salt content and different water content,a series of direct shear tests for frozen interface between saline soil and concrete lining have been performed to study the mechanical properties of the frozen interface. The results showthat failure model of frozen interface was brittle and an obvious peak stress could be observed. The shear deformation includes linear deformation and nonlinear deformation. The linear deformation decreases with the increase of water content and salt content,and the nonlinear deformation increase with the increase of salt content. The shear modulus increases with the increase of water saturation and decreases with the increase of Na Cl concentration. The shear strength increases with the increase of water saturation,decreases as the salt content increases with Na Cl,while it decreases first and increases as the salt is Na2 SO4.Through the strain energy analysis,it is found that the characteristics of frozen interface with water content w=14. 7% and w= 16. 7% are similar,that means when the Na Cl content is 0. 5% the shear strength is minimum.
The study of interface between soil and structure has been one of the hot spots in geotechnical engineering research. In order to study the frost damage of canal system in Weishan irrigation district,under the conditions of different salt species,different salt content and different water content,a series of direct shear tests for frozen interface between saline soil and concrete lining have been performed to study the mechanical properties of the frozen interface. The results showthat failure model of frozen interface was brittle and an obvious peak stress could be observed. The shear deformation includes linear deformation and nonlinear deformation. The linear deformation decreases with the increase of water content and salt content,and the nonlinear deformation increase with the increase of salt content. The shear modulus increases with the increase of water saturation and decreases with the increase of Na Cl concentration. The shear strength increases with the increase of water saturation,decreases as the salt content increases with Na Cl,while it decreases first and increases as the salt is Na2 SO4.Through the strain energy analysis,it is found that the characteristics of frozen interface with water content w=14. 7% and w= 16. 7% are similar,that means when the Na Cl content is 0. 5% the shear strength is minimum.
引文
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[15]Xiao Ze'an,Lai Yuanming,You Zhemin.Experimental study on impact of salt content on deformation characteristics of sodium sulfate soil under freeze-thawconditions[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(5):953-960.[肖泽岸,赖远明,尤哲敏.冻融循环作用下含盐量对Na2SO4土体变形特征影响的实验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(5):953-960.]
[16]Chen Weitao,Wang Mingnian,Wang Ying,et al.Influence of salt content and water content on the shearing strength parameters of chlorine saline soil[J].China Railway Science,2006,27(4):1-5.[陈炜韬,王明年,王鹰,等.含盐量及含水量对氯盐盐渍土抗剪强度参数的影响[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(4):1-5.]
[17]Bing Hui,Wu Junjie,Deng Jin.Variations of physical and mechanical properties of saline loess before and after desalting[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2011,32(4):796-800.[邴慧,武俊杰,邓津.黄土状盐渍土洗盐前后物理力学性质的变化[J].冰川冻土,2011,33(4):796-800.]
[18]Wang Zunqin,Liu Youchang,Li Liqun,et al.Formation conditions and distribution regularity of saline soil in Liaocheng,Shandong Province[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,1963,11(4):343-360.[王遵亲,刘有昌,黎立羣,等.山东聊城盐渍土的形成条件及其分布规律[J].土壤学报,1963,11(4):343-360.]
[19]Ma Min,Bing Hui,Li Guoyu.Experimental research on unfrozen water content of sodium sulphate saline soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016,38(4):963-969.[马敏,邴慧,李国玉.硫酸钠盐渍土未冻水含量的实验研究[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(4):963-969.]
[2]Potyondy J G.Skin friction between various soils and construction materials[J].Geotechnique,1961,11(4):339-353.
[3]Clough G W,Duncan J M.Finite element analyses of retaining wall behavior[J].Journal of Soil Mechanic and Foundation Division,ASCE,1971,97(12):1657-1673.
[4]Brandt J R T.Behavior of soil-concrete interface[D].Edmonton:University of Alberta,1985.
[5]Zhang Ga,Zhang Jianmin.Unified modeling of soil-structure interface and its test confirmation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(10):1177-1179.[张嘎,张建民.粗粒土与结构接触面统一本构模型及试验验证[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(10):1177-1179.]
[6]Sun Houchao,Yang Ping,Wang Guoliang.Development of mechanical experimental system for interface layer between frozen soil and structure and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,35(12):3636-3643.[孙厚超,杨平,王国良.冻土与结构接触界面层力学试验系统研制及应用[J].岩土力学,2014,35(12):3636-3643.]
[7]Wen Zhi,Yu Qihao,Ma Wei,et al.Direct shear tests for mechanical characteristics of interface between Qinghai-Tibetan silt and fiberglass reinforced plastics[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,43(Suppl 2):45-50.[温智,俞祁浩,马巍,等.青藏粉土-玻璃钢接触面力学特性直剪试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊2):45-50.]
[8]Chen Liangzhi,Wen Zhi,Dong Shengshi,et al.Study of the constitutive model of interface between frozen Qinghai-Tibetan silt and reinforced plastic fiberglass[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016,38(2):402-408.[陈良致,温智,董盛时,等.青藏冻结粉土与玻璃钢接触面本构模型研究[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(2):402-408.]
[9]Dong Shengshi,Dong Lanfeng,Wen Zhi,et al.Study of constitutive relation of interface between frozen Qinghai-Tibet silt and concrete[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(6):1629-1633.[董盛时,董兰凤,温智,等.青藏冻结粉土与混凝土基础接触面本构关系研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(6):1629-1633.]
[10]Cui Yinghui,Liu Jiankun,LüPeng.Development of dynamic load direct shear apparatus for frozen soils[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(Suppl 2):486-490.[崔颖辉,刘建坤,吕鹏.冻土动荷载直剪仪的研制[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊2):486-490.]
[11]LüPeng,Liu Jiankun,Cui Yinghui.A study of dynamic shear strength of frozen soil-concrete contact interface[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(Suppl 2):180-183.[吕鹏,刘建坤,崔颖辉.冻土-混凝土接触面动剪强度研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊2):180-183.]
[12]LüPeng,Liu Jiankun.An experimental study on direct shear tests of frozen soil-concrete interface[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(2):106-110.[吕鹏,刘建坤.冻土与混凝土接触面直剪试验研究[J].铁道学报,2015,37(2):106-110.]
[13]Zhang Saize,Bian Hanbing,Qiu Xiumei,et al.Direct shear tests on frozen interface between underlying soil and concrete lining of channels[J].South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology,2017,15(5):164-169.[章赛泽,卞汉兵,邱秀梅,等.渠道下卧土-混凝土衬砌冻结接触面直剪试验研究[J].南水北调与水利科技,2017,15(5):164-169.]
[14]Xu Xiaozu,Wang Jiacheng,Zhang Lixin,et al.Frozen soil physics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2001.[徐敩祖,王家澄,张立新,等.冻土物理学[M],北京:科学出版社,2001.]
[15]Xiao Ze'an,Lai Yuanming,You Zhemin.Experimental study on impact of salt content on deformation characteristics of sodium sulfate soil under freeze-thawconditions[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(5):953-960.[肖泽岸,赖远明,尤哲敏.冻融循环作用下含盐量对Na2SO4土体变形特征影响的实验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(5):953-960.]
[16]Chen Weitao,Wang Mingnian,Wang Ying,et al.Influence of salt content and water content on the shearing strength parameters of chlorine saline soil[J].China Railway Science,2006,27(4):1-5.[陈炜韬,王明年,王鹰,等.含盐量及含水量对氯盐盐渍土抗剪强度参数的影响[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(4):1-5.]
[17]Bing Hui,Wu Junjie,Deng Jin.Variations of physical and mechanical properties of saline loess before and after desalting[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2011,32(4):796-800.[邴慧,武俊杰,邓津.黄土状盐渍土洗盐前后物理力学性质的变化[J].冰川冻土,2011,33(4):796-800.]
[18]Wang Zunqin,Liu Youchang,Li Liqun,et al.Formation conditions and distribution regularity of saline soil in Liaocheng,Shandong Province[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,1963,11(4):343-360.[王遵亲,刘有昌,黎立羣,等.山东聊城盐渍土的形成条件及其分布规律[J].土壤学报,1963,11(4):343-360.]
[19]Ma Min,Bing Hui,Li Guoyu.Experimental research on unfrozen water content of sodium sulphate saline soil[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016,38(4):963-969.[马敏,邴慧,李国玉.硫酸钠盐渍土未冻水含量的实验研究[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(4):963-969.]