射箭运动员射箭过程中肌电特征分析
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摘要
目的:通过对山西省优秀射箭运动员射箭过程中的肌电数据的采集对技术动作进行相关性分析,探究肌肉稳定性与技术动作之间的关系,建立基于肌电数据的射箭肌肉稳定性的指标,在射箭过程中各骨骼肌稳定程度及贡献率,发现对稳定性要求较高的骨骼肌,从而为射箭运动员如何提高运动成绩及如何更科学的训练提供一定的依据。方法:通过采用表面肌电和影像解析技术采集射箭过程中作用较大的七块骨骼肌,测得六名优秀射箭运动员射箭过程中的肌电数据。将射箭过程以撒放瞬间为标志点,将此撒放瞬间的前1.5s及撒放后0.5s,共计2s,作为一个周期进行分析。将肌电信号用有限脉冲响应滤波器100毫秒的时间窗口进行滤波,然后根据最大随意收缩进行标准化处理。根据对处理后的肌电数据进行量化,得出射箭稳定性指标后,从而对技术动作及肌肉稳定性进行相关分析。结果:(1)三角肌的贡献率最高,左右两侧分别达30.11%和21.11%;(2)右侧斜方肌与右侧背阔肌撒放前后,发力程度变化较大;(3)右侧肱桡肌拉弦过程中力量变化呈一定规律;(4)竖脊肌及腹外斜肌在射箭过程中对保持躯干稳定有重要作用;(5)除背阔肌、腹外斜肌之外,左侧肌肉的稳定性要高于右侧。结论:(1)三角肌后束在阶段内作用最明显;(2)除背阔肌、腹外斜肌外,左侧的肌肉稳定性高于右侧肌肉;(3)竖背肌及腹外斜肌在射箭过程中对保持躯干稳定有重要作用。
Objective: Through collecting EMG data of excellent archers in Shanxi Province, we can get the index of muscle stability in archery, and analyze the correlation between muscle stability and technical movement, and then establish the index of archery muscle stability based on EMG data. To understand the stability and contribution rate of skeletal muscles in archery, we found that skeletal muscles with higher stability requirements, so as to strengthen training in daily training, and provide a certain basis for how to improve sports performance and how to train more scientifically. Methods: Seven skeletal muscles were collected by surface electromyography(EMG)and image analysis, and the EMG data of six excellent archers in Shanxi Province were obtained. The archery process is marked by the scattering instant. The first 1.5s of the scattering instant and the last 0.5s of the scattering instant are analyzed as a cycle. EMG signals are filtered with a time window of 100 milliseconds with a finite impulse response filter, and then normalized according to the maximum voluntary contraction. After quantifying the processed EMG data, the archery stability index was obtained, and then the technical movement and muscle stability were analyzed.Conclusion: 1. The contribution rate of deltoid is the highest, and the left and right sides are 30.11% and 21.11% respectively. 2. Before and after the right trapezius muscle and the right latissimus dorsi muscles were released,the degree of force changes was greater. 3. The force changes in the right brachial radial during the chord pulling process are regular. 4. Erector muscle and external oblique muscle play an important role in maintaining the stability of the trunk during archery. 5. Except for latissimus dorsi and external oblique muscle, the stability of the left side is higher than that of the right side. Conclusion: 1. Posterior deltoid tract plays the most significant role in the stage; 2. Except latissimus dorsi and oblique abdominis, the stability of left muscle is higher than that of right muscle; 3. Vertical spine and oblique abdominis play an important role in maintaining trunk stability during archery.
Objective: Through collecting EMG data of excellent archers in Shanxi Province, we can get the index of muscle stability in archery, and analyze the correlation between muscle stability and technical movement, and then establish the index of archery muscle stability based on EMG data. To understand the stability and contribution rate of skeletal muscles in archery, we found that skeletal muscles with higher stability requirements, so as to strengthen training in daily training, and provide a certain basis for how to improve sports performance and how to train more scientifically. Methods: Seven skeletal muscles were collected by surface electromyography(EMG)and image analysis, and the EMG data of six excellent archers in Shanxi Province were obtained. The archery process is marked by the scattering instant. The first 1.5s of the scattering instant and the last 0.5s of the scattering instant are analyzed as a cycle. EMG signals are filtered with a time window of 100 milliseconds with a finite impulse response filter, and then normalized according to the maximum voluntary contraction. After quantifying the processed EMG data, the archery stability index was obtained, and then the technical movement and muscle stability were analyzed.Conclusion: 1. The contribution rate of deltoid is the highest, and the left and right sides are 30.11% and 21.11% respectively. 2. Before and after the right trapezius muscle and the right latissimus dorsi muscles were released,the degree of force changes was greater. 3. The force changes in the right brachial radial during the chord pulling process are regular. 4. Erector muscle and external oblique muscle play an important role in maintaining the stability of the trunk during archery. 5. Except for latissimus dorsi and external oblique muscle, the stability of the left side is higher than that of the right side. Conclusion: 1. Posterior deltoid tract plays the most significant role in the stage; 2. Except latissimus dorsi and oblique abdominis, the stability of left muscle is higher than that of right muscle; 3. Vertical spine and oblique abdominis play an important role in maintaining trunk stability during archery.
引文
[1]张秀丽,刘卉,刘学贞.国家队射箭运动员动作技术的肌电特性[J].中国体育科技,2007(6):71-74.
[2]张秀丽,刘卉,刘学贞.射箭技术评价指标的综合研究[J].体育科学,2008,28(12):21-38,80.
[3]吴爽爽,邓兴国,杨永红,等.国家优秀射箭运动员个人撒放箭时间的研究[J].中国体育科技,2006(3):134-136.
[4]黄忠胜.射箭技术动作一致性与射箭成绩关系探讨[J].运动精品(学术版),2015(5):91-93.
[5]张帆.如何提高射箭技术动作的一致性[J].辽宁体育科技,2009(1):95-95.
[6]王勇,王元奇.对射箭技术中钩弦手臂动作的探讨[J].辽宁体育科技,2003(3):32.
[2]张秀丽,刘卉,刘学贞.射箭技术评价指标的综合研究[J].体育科学,2008,28(12):21-38,80.
[3]吴爽爽,邓兴国,杨永红,等.国家优秀射箭运动员个人撒放箭时间的研究[J].中国体育科技,2006(3):134-136.
[4]黄忠胜.射箭技术动作一致性与射箭成绩关系探讨[J].运动精品(学术版),2015(5):91-93.
[5]张帆.如何提高射箭技术动作的一致性[J].辽宁体育科技,2009(1):95-95.
[6]王勇,王元奇.对射箭技术中钩弦手臂动作的探讨[J].辽宁体育科技,2003(3):32.