成品油管道开泵方案优化MILP模型
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摘要
成品油管道运行过程中沿线各泵站开泵方案的优化对于降低成品油管道的运行能耗具有重要作用。以往针对此问题大多采用动态规划及人工智能算法进行求解,具有一定的局限性,很少从整体上建立混合整数线性规划(MILP)模型并将启停泵时长限制问题考虑到所建模型的约束条件中。在此基于已知的批次调度计划,考虑到启停泵时长限制、沿线节点压力约束、过泵流量约束等约束条件,以泵运行费用与启停泵成本总和最小为目标函数,建立MILP数学模型并采用分支定界算法进行求解。以某实际运行成品油管道的输油计划为例,代入成品油管道开泵方案优化模型并进行求解。结果表明:该模型在较大程度上降低了管道的运行能耗,提高了管道的运行稳定性,符合现场操作工艺。(图3,表2,参24)
The optimization of pumping scheme at each pump station along the products pipelines during the operation plays a vital role in cutting down the energy consumption of products pipelines. The previous studies on this issue mostly make use of dynamic programming and artificial intelligence algorithms to get the solution, which have certain limitations, but rarely establish a mixed integer linear programming model(MILP) and take the time limit of pump start-stop as the constraints of MILP model.In this paper, the MILP mathematical model was established on the basis of the known batch scheduling plan. In this model, the minimum cost of normal operation and start-stop of pumps is taken as the objective function, with the consideration of constraint conditions, e.g. the time limit of pump start-stop, the node pressure along pipelines and the flow rate being pumped. Then, the model was solved by means of branch and bound algorithm. Finally, a case study was carried out on the transportation plan of one in-service products pipeline. It was introduced into the MILP model for optimizing its pumping scheme. And the calculation results indicate that the model can greatly reduce the energy consumption of pipeline operation and improve the stability of pipeline operation to satisfy the requirements of on-site operation process.(3 Figures, 2 Tables, 24 References)
The optimization of pumping scheme at each pump station along the products pipelines during the operation plays a vital role in cutting down the energy consumption of products pipelines. The previous studies on this issue mostly make use of dynamic programming and artificial intelligence algorithms to get the solution, which have certain limitations, but rarely establish a mixed integer linear programming model(MILP) and take the time limit of pump start-stop as the constraints of MILP model.In this paper, the MILP mathematical model was established on the basis of the known batch scheduling plan. In this model, the minimum cost of normal operation and start-stop of pumps is taken as the objective function, with the consideration of constraint conditions, e.g. the time limit of pump start-stop, the node pressure along pipelines and the flow rate being pumped. Then, the model was solved by means of branch and bound algorithm. Finally, a case study was carried out on the transportation plan of one in-service products pipeline. It was introduced into the MILP model for optimizing its pumping scheme. And the calculation results indicate that the model can greatly reduce the energy consumption of pipeline operation and improve the stability of pipeline operation to satisfy the requirements of on-site operation process.(3 Figures, 2 Tables, 24 References)
引文
[1]梁永图,宫敬,康正凌,等.成品油管道优化运行研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2004,28(4):97-101.LIANG Y T,GONG J,KANG Z L,et al.Optimal operation of multi-product pipeline[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2004,28(4):97-101.
[2]梁永图,刘增哲.成品油管网运行优化[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,35(3):115-118.LIANG Y T,LIU Z Z.Optimal operation of multi-product pipeline network[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2011,35(3):115-118.
[3]陈媛媛,吴先策,纪荣亮.动态规划法在西南管道泵站优化运行中的应用[J].油气储运,2009,28(8):13-15.CHEN Y Y,WU X C,JI R L.Application of dynamic programming theory in optimized operation of pump station over West-South Oil Product Pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2009,28(8):13-15.
[4]杨雪,吴先策,纪荣亮.西南成品油管道泵站优化运行[J].油气储运,2011,30(3):196-199.YANG X,WU X C,JI R L.The optimized operation of pump stations in Southwest Products Pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2011,30(3):196-199.
[5]崔艳雨,吴明,张国忠.基于IPGA的成品油管道优化研究[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2007,20(4):63-67.CUI Y Y,WU M,ZHANG G Z.The product pipeline optimization based on IPGA[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2007,20(4):63-67.
[6]刘承婷,邵振军,刁望庆.轻质油输送优化模型与开泵方案[J].东北石油大学学报,2006,30(1):43-46.LIU C T,SHAO Z J,DIAO W Q.Optimal modeling of the light oil transportation and pumping[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2006,30(1):43-46.
[7]崔艳雨,陈世一,梁静华,等.确定开泵方案的两阶段优化法[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2005,18(4):66-68.CUI Y Y,CHEN S Y,LIANG J H,et al.Two stages optimizing method on determining the process parameters[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2005,18(4):66-68.
[8]康正凌,宫敬,梁永图.成品油管道运行电费优化研究[J].天然气与石油,2011,29(2):1-3.KANG Z L,GONG J,LIANG Y T.Study on operation electric charge optimization of product oil pipeline[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2011,29(2):1-3.
[9]CAFARO V G,CAFARO D C,MENDEZ C A,et al.MINLPmodel for the detailed scheduling of refined products pipelines with flow rate dependent pumping costs[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2015,72:210-221.
[10]REJOWSKI R,PINTO J M.A novel continuous time representation for the scheduling of pipeline systems with pumping yield rate constraints[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2008,32(4/5):1042-1066.
[11]BAGIROV A M,BARTON A F,MALA-JETMAROVAH,et al.An algorithm for minimization of pumping costs in water distribution systems using a novel approach to pump scheduling[J].Mathematical&Computer Modelling,2013,57(3/4):873-886.
[12]初飞雪,吴长春.成品油管道杂交差分进化法优化设计[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009,41(5):241-244.CHU F X,WU C C.Optimization on process design of products pipeline by hybrid differential evolution algorithm[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2009,41(5):241-244.
[13]段志刚,梁永图,张浩然,等.耦合水力约束的成品油管道调度模型研究[J].石油科学通报,2017,2(1):109-120.DUAN Z G,LIANG Y T,ZHANG H R,et al.A multi-product pipeline scheduling model coupled with hydraulic constraints[J].Petroleum Science Bulletin,2017,2(1):109-120.
[14]MIRHASSANI S A,GHORBANALIZADEH M.The multi-product pipeline scheduling system[J].Computers&Mathematics with Applications,2008,56(4):891-897.
[15]LIANG Y T,LI M,ZHANG N.A study on optimizing delivering scheduling for a multiproduct pipeline[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2012,44:127-140.
[16]CAFARO D C,CERDA J.Optimal scheduling of multiproduct pipeline systems using a non-discrete MILP formulation[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2004,28(10):2053-2068.
[17]RIBAS P C,YAMAMOTO L,POLLI H L.A micro-genetic algorithm for multi-objective scheduling of a real world pipeline network[J].Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence,2013,26(1):302-313.
[18]REJOWSKI R,PINTO J M.Efficient MILP formulations and valid cuts for multiproduct pipeline scheduling[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2004,28(8):1511-1528.
[19]CAFARO V G,CARAFO D C,CERDA J.Improving the mathematical formulation for the detailed scheduling of refined products pipelines by accounting for flow rate dependent pumping costs[J].Iberoamerican Journal of Industrial Engineering,2014,5(10):115-128.
[20]ZHANG H R,LIANG Y T,LIAO Q,et al.A hybrid computational approach for detailed scheduling of products in a pipeline with multiple pump stations[J].Energy,2016,119:612-628.
[21]阮超宇,史博会,宋尚飞,等.天然气凝析液管道水合物堵管风险研究[J].石油科学通报,2016,1(2):257-269.RUAN C Y,SHI B H,SONG S F,et al.Study of hydrate plugging risk in gas-condensate pipelines[J].Petroleum Science Bulletin,2016,1(2):257-269.
[22]CAFARO V G,CARAFO D C,MENDEZ C A,et al.Detailed scheduling of operations in single-source refined products pipelines[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2011,50(10):6240-6259.
[23]张浩然,梁永图,王宁,等.多源单汇多批次顺序输送管道调度优化[J].石油学报,2015,36(9):1148-1155.ZHANG H R,LIANG Y T,WANG N,et al.Optimal scheduling of multi-source single-distribution pipeline with multi-batch sequential transportation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(9):1148-1155.
[24]HERRAN A,CRUZ J M D L,ANDRES B D.A mathematical model for planning transportation of multiple petroleum products in a multi-pipeline system[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2010,34(3):401-413.
[2]梁永图,刘增哲.成品油管网运行优化[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,35(3):115-118.LIANG Y T,LIU Z Z.Optimal operation of multi-product pipeline network[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2011,35(3):115-118.
[3]陈媛媛,吴先策,纪荣亮.动态规划法在西南管道泵站优化运行中的应用[J].油气储运,2009,28(8):13-15.CHEN Y Y,WU X C,JI R L.Application of dynamic programming theory in optimized operation of pump station over West-South Oil Product Pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2009,28(8):13-15.
[4]杨雪,吴先策,纪荣亮.西南成品油管道泵站优化运行[J].油气储运,2011,30(3):196-199.YANG X,WU X C,JI R L.The optimized operation of pump stations in Southwest Products Pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2011,30(3):196-199.
[5]崔艳雨,吴明,张国忠.基于IPGA的成品油管道优化研究[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2007,20(4):63-67.CUI Y Y,WU M,ZHANG G Z.The product pipeline optimization based on IPGA[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2007,20(4):63-67.
[6]刘承婷,邵振军,刁望庆.轻质油输送优化模型与开泵方案[J].东北石油大学学报,2006,30(1):43-46.LIU C T,SHAO Z J,DIAO W Q.Optimal modeling of the light oil transportation and pumping[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2006,30(1):43-46.
[7]崔艳雨,陈世一,梁静华,等.确定开泵方案的两阶段优化法[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2005,18(4):66-68.CUI Y Y,CHEN S Y,LIANG J H,et al.Two stages optimizing method on determining the process parameters[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2005,18(4):66-68.
[8]康正凌,宫敬,梁永图.成品油管道运行电费优化研究[J].天然气与石油,2011,29(2):1-3.KANG Z L,GONG J,LIANG Y T.Study on operation electric charge optimization of product oil pipeline[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2011,29(2):1-3.
[9]CAFARO V G,CAFARO D C,MENDEZ C A,et al.MINLPmodel for the detailed scheduling of refined products pipelines with flow rate dependent pumping costs[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2015,72:210-221.
[10]REJOWSKI R,PINTO J M.A novel continuous time representation for the scheduling of pipeline systems with pumping yield rate constraints[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2008,32(4/5):1042-1066.
[11]BAGIROV A M,BARTON A F,MALA-JETMAROVAH,et al.An algorithm for minimization of pumping costs in water distribution systems using a novel approach to pump scheduling[J].Mathematical&Computer Modelling,2013,57(3/4):873-886.
[12]初飞雪,吴长春.成品油管道杂交差分进化法优化设计[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009,41(5):241-244.CHU F X,WU C C.Optimization on process design of products pipeline by hybrid differential evolution algorithm[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2009,41(5):241-244.
[13]段志刚,梁永图,张浩然,等.耦合水力约束的成品油管道调度模型研究[J].石油科学通报,2017,2(1):109-120.DUAN Z G,LIANG Y T,ZHANG H R,et al.A multi-product pipeline scheduling model coupled with hydraulic constraints[J].Petroleum Science Bulletin,2017,2(1):109-120.
[14]MIRHASSANI S A,GHORBANALIZADEH M.The multi-product pipeline scheduling system[J].Computers&Mathematics with Applications,2008,56(4):891-897.
[15]LIANG Y T,LI M,ZHANG N.A study on optimizing delivering scheduling for a multiproduct pipeline[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2012,44:127-140.
[16]CAFARO D C,CERDA J.Optimal scheduling of multiproduct pipeline systems using a non-discrete MILP formulation[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2004,28(10):2053-2068.
[17]RIBAS P C,YAMAMOTO L,POLLI H L.A micro-genetic algorithm for multi-objective scheduling of a real world pipeline network[J].Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence,2013,26(1):302-313.
[18]REJOWSKI R,PINTO J M.Efficient MILP formulations and valid cuts for multiproduct pipeline scheduling[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2004,28(8):1511-1528.
[19]CAFARO V G,CARAFO D C,CERDA J.Improving the mathematical formulation for the detailed scheduling of refined products pipelines by accounting for flow rate dependent pumping costs[J].Iberoamerican Journal of Industrial Engineering,2014,5(10):115-128.
[20]ZHANG H R,LIANG Y T,LIAO Q,et al.A hybrid computational approach for detailed scheduling of products in a pipeline with multiple pump stations[J].Energy,2016,119:612-628.
[21]阮超宇,史博会,宋尚飞,等.天然气凝析液管道水合物堵管风险研究[J].石油科学通报,2016,1(2):257-269.RUAN C Y,SHI B H,SONG S F,et al.Study of hydrate plugging risk in gas-condensate pipelines[J].Petroleum Science Bulletin,2016,1(2):257-269.
[22]CAFARO V G,CARAFO D C,MENDEZ C A,et al.Detailed scheduling of operations in single-source refined products pipelines[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2011,50(10):6240-6259.
[23]张浩然,梁永图,王宁,等.多源单汇多批次顺序输送管道调度优化[J].石油学报,2015,36(9):1148-1155.ZHANG H R,LIANG Y T,WANG N,et al.Optimal scheduling of multi-source single-distribution pipeline with multi-batch sequential transportation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(9):1148-1155.
[24]HERRAN A,CRUZ J M D L,ANDRES B D.A mathematical model for planning transportation of multiple petroleum products in a multi-pipeline system[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2010,34(3):401-413.