从“凤汉系统”到“原始管道系统”——对经穴实质研究的思考
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摘要
通过对近年原始管道系统系列研究的梳理,笔者认为,虽然近年越来越多的研究表明原始管道系统在血管、淋巴管、神经、脑、脊髓及内脏器官表面等全身各部位呈网状结构分布,且管道内含有大量免疫细胞并参与机体免疫、循环等各生理病理过程,在形态学及细胞生物学上也有能证明其存在的证据,但至今尚无法在功能上阐述其作用特点。基于生命物质特征的研究可以在系统缜密的合作中不断取得突破,然而其回归生命功能效应的道路却显得步履蹒跚,这一点在经穴实质研究中显得尤为突出,因此,基于临床的经穴效应规律研究也许是经穴实质研究中无法回避的问题。
Through the systematic analysis on the primo vascular system(PVS)in recent years,we believe that in recent years,more and more studies have indicated that PVS is distributed in reticulate structure in every part of body,such as vessels,lymphangions,nerves,brain,spinal cords and internal organs,and it contains a large amount of immunocytes and has involved in the physiological or pathological process of the immunity and circulation in the body.There are the evidences to prove that in morphology and cytobiology.But,nowadays,there is no way to explain its effect characters.On the basis of the study on living matter characteristics,a breakthrough is possibly made through the systematic cooperation even though it is the difficulty to detect the life function effect.It is especially displayed in the substantial study on meridian points.Hence,the study on the law of meridian point effects on the basis of clinical practice has to be focused on in the substantial study on meridian points.
Through the systematic analysis on the primo vascular system(PVS)in recent years,we believe that in recent years,more and more studies have indicated that PVS is distributed in reticulate structure in every part of body,such as vessels,lymphangions,nerves,brain,spinal cords and internal organs,and it contains a large amount of immunocytes and has involved in the physiological or pathological process of the immunity and circulation in the body.There are the evidences to prove that in morphology and cytobiology.But,nowadays,there is no way to explain its effect characters.On the basis of the study on living matter characteristics,a breakthrough is possibly made through the systematic cooperation even though it is the difficulty to detect the life function effect.It is especially displayed in the substantial study on meridian points.Hence,the study on the law of meridian point effects on the basis of clinical practice has to be focused on in the substantial study on meridian points.
引文
[1]Soh K,Kang KA,Ryu YH.50 Years of Bong-Han theory and 10years of primo vascular system[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013:587827.doi:10.1155/2013/587827.
[2]夏培肃,李华.关于经络系统研究的评述和建议[J].中国科学院院刊,2014,29(3):383-388.
[3]陈锦明,黄泳,王升旭.胚胎学对经络实质的启示[J].上海针灸杂志,2010,29(4):251-254.
[4]Kang KA.Historical observations on the half-century freeze in research between the bonghan system and the primo vascular system[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2013,6(6):285-292.
[5]Lim CJ,Lee SY,Ryu PD.Identification of primo-vascular system in abdominal subcutaneous tissue layer of rats[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015,2015:751937.doi:10.1155/2015/751937.
[6]YANG C,DU YK,WU JB,et al.Fascia and primo vascular system[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015,2015:303769.doi:10.1155/2015/303769.
[7]Ping A,Zhendong S,Rongmei Q,et al.Primo vascular system:an endothelial-to-mesenchymal potential transitional tissue involved in gastric cancer metastasis[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015,2015:812354.doi:10.1155/2015/812354.
[8]朱兵,李江慧.又现“金凤汉”[J].湖北中医学院学报,2009,11(2):3-10.
[9]刘乡.关于“金凤汉经络实体”的验证工作[J].针刺研究,2009,34(5):353-354.
[10]李强.“凤汉学说”沉浮的启示[J].中国针灸,2011,31(3):263-268.
[11]Jiang XW,Hk K,Hs S,et al.Method for observing intravascular BongHan duct[J].Korean J Orient Prevent Med Soc,2002(6):162-166.
[12]Lee BC,Baik KY,Johng HM,et al.Acridine orange staining method to reveal the characteristic features of an intravascular threadlike structure[J].Anat Rec B New Anat,2004,278(1):27-30.
[13]Kim DU,Han JW,Jung SJ,et al.Comparison of alcian blue,trypan blue,and toluidine blue for visualization of the primo vascular system floating in lymph ducts[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015,2015:725989.doi:10.1155/2015/725989.
[14]Shin H,Johng H,Lee B,et al.Feulgen reaction study of novel threadlike structures(Bonghan ducts)on the surfaces of mammalian organs[J].Anat Rec B New Anat,2005,284(1):35-40.
[15]Lee BC,Yoo JS,Baik KY,et al.Novel threadlike structures(Bonghan ducts)inside lymphatic vessels of rabbits visualized with a Janus Green B staining method[J].Anat Rec B New Anat,2005,286(1):1-7.
[16]Yoo JS,Kim MS,Ogay V,et al.In vivo visualization of bonghan ducts inside blood vessels of mice by using an Alcian blue staining method[J].Indian J Exp Biol,2008,46(5):336-339.
[17]Lee BC,Kim KW,Soh KS.Visualizing the network of Bonghan ducts in the omentum and peritoneum by using Trypan blue[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2009,2(1):66-70.
[18]Lee BC,Jhang SU,Choi JH,et al.DiI staining of fine branches of Bonghan ducts on surface of rat abdominal organs[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2009,2(4):301-305.
[19]Hong S,Yoo JS,Hong JY,et al.Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study of the meridian-like system on the surface of internal organs of rats[J].Acupunct Electrother Res,2007,32(3/4):195-210.
[20]Johng HM,Yoo JS,Yoon TJ,et al.Use of magnetic nanoparticles to visualize threadlike structures inside lymphatic vessels of rats[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2007,4(1):77-82.
[21]Lee BC,Yoo JS,Baik KY,et al.Development of a fluorescence stereomicroscope and observation of Bong-Han corpuscles inside blood vessels[J].Indian J Exp Biol,2008,46(5):330-335.
[22]Lee BC,Yoo JS,Ogay V,et al.Electron microscopic study of novel threadlike structures on the surfaces of mammalian organs[J].Microsc Res Tech,2007,70(1):34-43.
[23]Lee BC,Kim HB,Sung B,et al.Network of Endocardial Vessels[J].Cardiology,2011,118(1):1-7.
[24]Lee BC,Soh KS.Contrast-enhancing optical method to observe a Bonghan duct floating inside a lymph vessel of a rabbit[J].Lymphology,2008,41(4):178-185.
[25]Lee BC,Kim S,Soh KS.Novel anatomic structures in the brain and spinal cord of rabbit that may belong to the Bonghan system of potential acupuncture meridians[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2008,1(1):29-35.
[26]Lee H,Lee JY,Kang D,et al.Evidence for the primo vascular system above the epicardia of rat hearts[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013:510461.doi:10.1155/2013/510461.
[27]Kwon BS,Ha CM,Yu S,et al.Microscopic nodes and ducts inside lymphatics and on the surface of internal organs are rich in granulocytes and secretory granules[J].Cytokine,2012,60(2):587-592.
[28]Han HJ,Ogay V,Park SJ,et al.Primo-vessels as new flow paths for intratesticular injected dye in rats[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2010,3(2):81-88.
[29]Sung B,Kim MS,Lee BC,et al.Measurement of flow speed in the channels of novel threadlike structures on the surfaces of mammalian organs[J].Naturwissenschaften,2008,95(2):117-124.
[30]Kim MS,Hong JY,Hong S.Bong-Han corpuscles as possible stem cell niches on the organ-surfaces[J].J Pharmacopuncture,2008,11(1):5-12.
[31]Yoo JS,Ayati MH,Kim HB,et al.Characterization of the primo-vascular system in the abdominal cavity of lung cancer mouse model and its differences from the lymphatic system[J].PLoS ONE,2010,5(4):e9940.
[32]Jia ZF,Soh KS,Zhou Q,et al.Study of novel threadlike structures on the intestinal fascia of dogs[J].J Acupunct Meri-dian Stud,2011,4(2):98-101.
[33]Islam MA,Thomas SD,Sedoris KJ,et al.Tumorassociated primo vascular system is derived from xenograft,not host[J].ExpMol Pathol,2013,94(1):84-90.
[34]Hong M,Park SS,Do H,et al.Primo vascular system of murine melanoma and heterogeneity of tissue oxygenation of the melanoma[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2011,4(3):159-163.
[35]Yoo JS,Kim HB,Won N,et al.Evidence for an additional metastatic route:in vivo imaging of cancer cells in the primo-vascular system around tumors and organs[J].Mol Imaging Biol,2011,13(3):471-480.
[36]Bae K,Soh K.Fat Connected with the primo vascular system[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2014,7(4):217-218.
[37]Lee BC,Bae KH,Jhon GJ,et al.Bonghan system as mesenchymal stem cell niches and pathways of macrophages in adipose tissues[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2009,2(1):79-82.
[38]Gordon MY.Stem cells for regenerative medicine—Biological attributes and clinical application[J].Experimental Hematology,2008,36(6):726-732.
[39]Bae K,Soh K.Fat connected with the primo vascular system[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2014,7(4):217-218.
[40]Lee SJ,Lee BC,Nam CH,et al.Proteomic analysis for tissues and liquid from bonghan ducts on rabbit intestinal surfaces[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2008,1(2):97-109.
[41]Libert C.Inflammation a nervous connection[J].Nature,2003,421(6921):328-329.
[42]Ratajczak MZ,Kucia M,Ratajczak J,et al.A multiinstrumental approach to identify and purify very small embryonic like stem cells(VSELs)from adult tissues[J].Micron,2009,40(3):386-393.
[43]Lee BC,Lee H,Kang D.Growth of microgranules into cell-like structures in fertilized chicken eggs:hypothesis for a mitosis-free alternative pathway[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2012,5(4):183-189.
[44]Rustom A,Saffrich R,Markovic I,et al.Nanotubular highways for intercellular organelle transport[J].Science,2004,303(5660):1007-1010.
[45]张江晖,张幼怡.新型远距离细胞连接结构——膜纳米管[J].中国科学:生命科学,2013,43(9):713-718.
[46]Stefanov M,Potroz M,Kim J,et al.The primo vascular system as a new anatomical system[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2013,6(6):331-338.
[47]Park SH,Kim EH,Chang HJ,et al.History of bioelectrical study and the electrophysiology of the primo vascular system[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013:486823.doi:10.1155/2013/486823.
[48]Stefanov M,Kim J.Visualizing the peripheral primo vascular system in mice skin by using the polymer mercox[J].J Pharmacopuncture,2015,18(3):75-79.
[49]吉长福,王晓宇,石宏,等.原始管道系统(PVs)与针灸经络关系的研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2013,32(10):795-799.
[2]夏培肃,李华.关于经络系统研究的评述和建议[J].中国科学院院刊,2014,29(3):383-388.
[3]陈锦明,黄泳,王升旭.胚胎学对经络实质的启示[J].上海针灸杂志,2010,29(4):251-254.
[4]Kang KA.Historical observations on the half-century freeze in research between the bonghan system and the primo vascular system[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2013,6(6):285-292.
[5]Lim CJ,Lee SY,Ryu PD.Identification of primo-vascular system in abdominal subcutaneous tissue layer of rats[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015,2015:751937.doi:10.1155/2015/751937.
[6]YANG C,DU YK,WU JB,et al.Fascia and primo vascular system[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015,2015:303769.doi:10.1155/2015/303769.
[7]Ping A,Zhendong S,Rongmei Q,et al.Primo vascular system:an endothelial-to-mesenchymal potential transitional tissue involved in gastric cancer metastasis[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015,2015:812354.doi:10.1155/2015/812354.
[8]朱兵,李江慧.又现“金凤汉”[J].湖北中医学院学报,2009,11(2):3-10.
[9]刘乡.关于“金凤汉经络实体”的验证工作[J].针刺研究,2009,34(5):353-354.
[10]李强.“凤汉学说”沉浮的启示[J].中国针灸,2011,31(3):263-268.
[11]Jiang XW,Hk K,Hs S,et al.Method for observing intravascular BongHan duct[J].Korean J Orient Prevent Med Soc,2002(6):162-166.
[12]Lee BC,Baik KY,Johng HM,et al.Acridine orange staining method to reveal the characteristic features of an intravascular threadlike structure[J].Anat Rec B New Anat,2004,278(1):27-30.
[13]Kim DU,Han JW,Jung SJ,et al.Comparison of alcian blue,trypan blue,and toluidine blue for visualization of the primo vascular system floating in lymph ducts[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015,2015:725989.doi:10.1155/2015/725989.
[14]Shin H,Johng H,Lee B,et al.Feulgen reaction study of novel threadlike structures(Bonghan ducts)on the surfaces of mammalian organs[J].Anat Rec B New Anat,2005,284(1):35-40.
[15]Lee BC,Yoo JS,Baik KY,et al.Novel threadlike structures(Bonghan ducts)inside lymphatic vessels of rabbits visualized with a Janus Green B staining method[J].Anat Rec B New Anat,2005,286(1):1-7.
[16]Yoo JS,Kim MS,Ogay V,et al.In vivo visualization of bonghan ducts inside blood vessels of mice by using an Alcian blue staining method[J].Indian J Exp Biol,2008,46(5):336-339.
[17]Lee BC,Kim KW,Soh KS.Visualizing the network of Bonghan ducts in the omentum and peritoneum by using Trypan blue[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2009,2(1):66-70.
[18]Lee BC,Jhang SU,Choi JH,et al.DiI staining of fine branches of Bonghan ducts on surface of rat abdominal organs[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2009,2(4):301-305.
[19]Hong S,Yoo JS,Hong JY,et al.Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study of the meridian-like system on the surface of internal organs of rats[J].Acupunct Electrother Res,2007,32(3/4):195-210.
[20]Johng HM,Yoo JS,Yoon TJ,et al.Use of magnetic nanoparticles to visualize threadlike structures inside lymphatic vessels of rats[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2007,4(1):77-82.
[21]Lee BC,Yoo JS,Baik KY,et al.Development of a fluorescence stereomicroscope and observation of Bong-Han corpuscles inside blood vessels[J].Indian J Exp Biol,2008,46(5):330-335.
[22]Lee BC,Yoo JS,Ogay V,et al.Electron microscopic study of novel threadlike structures on the surfaces of mammalian organs[J].Microsc Res Tech,2007,70(1):34-43.
[23]Lee BC,Kim HB,Sung B,et al.Network of Endocardial Vessels[J].Cardiology,2011,118(1):1-7.
[24]Lee BC,Soh KS.Contrast-enhancing optical method to observe a Bonghan duct floating inside a lymph vessel of a rabbit[J].Lymphology,2008,41(4):178-185.
[25]Lee BC,Kim S,Soh KS.Novel anatomic structures in the brain and spinal cord of rabbit that may belong to the Bonghan system of potential acupuncture meridians[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2008,1(1):29-35.
[26]Lee H,Lee JY,Kang D,et al.Evidence for the primo vascular system above the epicardia of rat hearts[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013:510461.doi:10.1155/2013/510461.
[27]Kwon BS,Ha CM,Yu S,et al.Microscopic nodes and ducts inside lymphatics and on the surface of internal organs are rich in granulocytes and secretory granules[J].Cytokine,2012,60(2):587-592.
[28]Han HJ,Ogay V,Park SJ,et al.Primo-vessels as new flow paths for intratesticular injected dye in rats[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2010,3(2):81-88.
[29]Sung B,Kim MS,Lee BC,et al.Measurement of flow speed in the channels of novel threadlike structures on the surfaces of mammalian organs[J].Naturwissenschaften,2008,95(2):117-124.
[30]Kim MS,Hong JY,Hong S.Bong-Han corpuscles as possible stem cell niches on the organ-surfaces[J].J Pharmacopuncture,2008,11(1):5-12.
[31]Yoo JS,Ayati MH,Kim HB,et al.Characterization of the primo-vascular system in the abdominal cavity of lung cancer mouse model and its differences from the lymphatic system[J].PLoS ONE,2010,5(4):e9940.
[32]Jia ZF,Soh KS,Zhou Q,et al.Study of novel threadlike structures on the intestinal fascia of dogs[J].J Acupunct Meri-dian Stud,2011,4(2):98-101.
[33]Islam MA,Thomas SD,Sedoris KJ,et al.Tumorassociated primo vascular system is derived from xenograft,not host[J].ExpMol Pathol,2013,94(1):84-90.
[34]Hong M,Park SS,Do H,et al.Primo vascular system of murine melanoma and heterogeneity of tissue oxygenation of the melanoma[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2011,4(3):159-163.
[35]Yoo JS,Kim HB,Won N,et al.Evidence for an additional metastatic route:in vivo imaging of cancer cells in the primo-vascular system around tumors and organs[J].Mol Imaging Biol,2011,13(3):471-480.
[36]Bae K,Soh K.Fat Connected with the primo vascular system[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2014,7(4):217-218.
[37]Lee BC,Bae KH,Jhon GJ,et al.Bonghan system as mesenchymal stem cell niches and pathways of macrophages in adipose tissues[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2009,2(1):79-82.
[38]Gordon MY.Stem cells for regenerative medicine—Biological attributes and clinical application[J].Experimental Hematology,2008,36(6):726-732.
[39]Bae K,Soh K.Fat connected with the primo vascular system[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2014,7(4):217-218.
[40]Lee SJ,Lee BC,Nam CH,et al.Proteomic analysis for tissues and liquid from bonghan ducts on rabbit intestinal surfaces[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2008,1(2):97-109.
[41]Libert C.Inflammation a nervous connection[J].Nature,2003,421(6921):328-329.
[42]Ratajczak MZ,Kucia M,Ratajczak J,et al.A multiinstrumental approach to identify and purify very small embryonic like stem cells(VSELs)from adult tissues[J].Micron,2009,40(3):386-393.
[43]Lee BC,Lee H,Kang D.Growth of microgranules into cell-like structures in fertilized chicken eggs:hypothesis for a mitosis-free alternative pathway[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2012,5(4):183-189.
[44]Rustom A,Saffrich R,Markovic I,et al.Nanotubular highways for intercellular organelle transport[J].Science,2004,303(5660):1007-1010.
[45]张江晖,张幼怡.新型远距离细胞连接结构——膜纳米管[J].中国科学:生命科学,2013,43(9):713-718.
[46]Stefanov M,Potroz M,Kim J,et al.The primo vascular system as a new anatomical system[J].J Acupunct Meridian Stud,2013,6(6):331-338.
[47]Park SH,Kim EH,Chang HJ,et al.History of bioelectrical study and the electrophysiology of the primo vascular system[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013:486823.doi:10.1155/2013/486823.
[48]Stefanov M,Kim J.Visualizing the peripheral primo vascular system in mice skin by using the polymer mercox[J].J Pharmacopuncture,2015,18(3):75-79.
[49]吉长福,王晓宇,石宏,等.原始管道系统(PVs)与针灸经络关系的研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2013,32(10):795-799.