健康老龄化视角下农村老年人卫生服务利用影响因素研究
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摘要
目的了解黑龙江省农村老年人卫生服务利用及其影响因素。方法利用第五次国家卫生服务调查数据中的黑龙江省老年人的数据,分析其卫生服务需求和利用情况,进行单因素分析和Logistic回归寻找影响因素。结果农村老年人两周患病率为45. 0%,两周就诊率为20. 6%,两周应就诊未就诊率为18. 5%,慢性病患病率为56. 4%,年住院率为16. 8%,上一年家庭人均收入和自我健康评价状况是老年人两周就诊率的影响因素。结论提高医疗保险报销比例,完善医疗救助制度,推动健康教育和健康促进,优化医疗卫生资源配置,以提升农村老年人卫生服务利用率。
Objective: To understand the utilization and influencing factors of health service among rural elderly in Heilongjiang province. Methods: The data of the elderly in Heilongjiang province in the fifth National Health Service survey were used to analyze demand and utilization of health service. Single factor analysis and logistic regression were carried out to find out the influencing factors. Results: The two-week prevalence rate was 45. 0%,the two-week visiting rate was 20. 6%,the ratio of those who should visit a doctor but not do that was18. 5%,the prevalence rate of chronic disease was 56. 4% and the annual rate of hospitalization was 16. 8% among elderly in rural. The average family income and self-assessment of health in the previous year were the influencing factors of the two-week visiting rate of the elderly. Conclusion: The government should increase the proportion of medical insurance reimbursement,improve the medical assistance system,promote health education and health promotion,and optimize the allocation of health resource,so as to improve the utilization rate of health service for the elderly in rural areas.
Objective: To understand the utilization and influencing factors of health service among rural elderly in Heilongjiang province. Methods: The data of the elderly in Heilongjiang province in the fifth National Health Service survey were used to analyze demand and utilization of health service. Single factor analysis and logistic regression were carried out to find out the influencing factors. Results: The two-week prevalence rate was 45. 0%,the two-week visiting rate was 20. 6%,the ratio of those who should visit a doctor but not do that was18. 5%,the prevalence rate of chronic disease was 56. 4% and the annual rate of hospitalization was 16. 8% among elderly in rural. The average family income and self-assessment of health in the previous year were the influencing factors of the two-week visiting rate of the elderly. Conclusion: The government should increase the proportion of medical insurance reimbursement,improve the medical assistance system,promote health education and health promotion,and optimize the allocation of health resource,so as to improve the utilization rate of health service for the elderly in rural areas.
引文
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[2]刘志达,王悦.新形势下黑龙江省人口老龄化问题分析研究[J].统计与咨询,2018(1):13-16.
[3]World Health Organization.World Report on Ageing and Health 2015[R].Geneva:World Health Organization,2015.
[4]计划生育家庭发展司.关于印发“十三五”健康老龄化规划的通知[EB/OL].(2017-03-17)[2018-08-07].http://www.moh.gov.cn.
[5]刘国恩,蔡春光,李林.中国老人医疗保障与医疗服务需求的实证分析[J].经济研究,2011,46(3):95-107,118.
[6]World Health Organization.Health Financing Strategy for the Asia Pacific Region(2010-2015)[R].Swizerland:World Health Organization,2009.
[7]徐玲,孟群.第五次国家卫生服务调查结果之二---卫生服务需要、需求和利用[J].中国卫生信息管理杂志,2014,11(3):193-194.
[8]HOWE HL,WINGO PA,THUN MJ,et al.Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer(1973through 1998),featuring cancers with recent increasing trends[J].Journal of the national cancer institute,2001,93(11):824-842.
[9]WANG Yf,LIM H,WU Y.Growing global burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases and an alarming situation in China[J].Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao,2012,44(5):688-693.
[10]国家卫生计生委统计信息中心.2013年第五次国家卫生服务调查分析报告[R].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2015.
[11]赵明月,杨付英,孔凡磊,等.山东省农村老年人卫生服务需求与利用现况分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2017,34(2):131-133.