弹药包装箱铁路运输试验问题及对策
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摘要
目的为了提高弹药的铁路运输适应性,实现弹药快速、安全运输。方法运用对比、统计分析等方法,研究弹药包装箱试验存在的问题,结合规章制度、标准以及实际情况提出解决问题的对策措施。结果研究发现,弹药包装箱试验存在试验监管不到位,堆码高度、跌落高度、条件、温度设置等试验条件与跌落试验判定标准和铁路运输行业规章制度不一致,试验单位资质不符合要求等问题,需要对存在的问题有针对性地加以改进。结论现行弹药包装箱试验不符合铁路运输要求,只有根据铁路运输行业要求制定相应的规章制度,并对试验过程进行规范,才能保证弹药铁路运输安全。
The work aims to improve the adaptability of ammunition railway transportation and realize rapid and safe transportation of ammunition. By means of comparison, statistical and other methods, the problems existing in the ammunition packing box test were studied, and the countermeasures to solve the problems were put forward in combination with the rules and standards and the actual situation. There were some problems in ammunition packaging box test, such as inadequate test supervision, stacking height, drop height, conditions, high and low temperature setting, and the judgment criteria of drop test were inconsistent with the regulations of railway transportation industry, and the qualification of test organizations did not meet the requirements. The existing problems were required to be improved. The current ammunition packing box test does not meet the requirements of railway transportation. Only by formulating corresponding rules and regulations according to the requirements of the railway transportation industry and standardizing the test process can the safety of ammunition railway transportation be ensured.
The work aims to improve the adaptability of ammunition railway transportation and realize rapid and safe transportation of ammunition. By means of comparison, statistical and other methods, the problems existing in the ammunition packing box test were studied, and the countermeasures to solve the problems were put forward in combination with the rules and standards and the actual situation. There were some problems in ammunition packaging box test, such as inadequate test supervision, stacking height, drop height, conditions, high and low temperature setting, and the judgment criteria of drop test were inconsistent with the regulations of railway transportation industry, and the qualification of test organizations did not meet the requirements. The existing problems were required to be improved. The current ammunition packing box test does not meet the requirements of railway transportation. Only by formulating corresponding rules and regulations according to the requirements of the railway transportation industry and standardizing the test process can the safety of ammunition railway transportation be ensured.
引文
[1]鲍平鑫.铁路军事运输[M].北京:解放军出版社,2007.BAO Ping-xin.Railway Military Transportation[M].Beijing:Chinese People’s Liberation Army Press,2007.
[2]辛昕,余贻荣,杨永伟.弹药铁路运输包装试验刍探[J].军事交通学院学报,2012(6):57-60.XIN Xin,YU Yi-rong,YANG Yong-wei.Railway Transportation Test on Ammunition Pack[J].Journal of Military Transportation University,2012(6):57-60.
[3]GJB 4403-2002,常规兵器弹药包装定型试验规程[S].GJB 4403-2002,The Approval Test Procedure for the Ammunition Package[S].
[4]TG/HY 105-2017,铁路危险货物运输管理规则[S].TG/HY 105-2017,Management Rules of Railway Dangerous Goods Transportation[S].
[5]GB/T 4857.3-2008,包装运输包装件基本试验第3部分:静载荷堆码试验方法[S].GB/T 4857.3-2008,Packing-basic Tests for Transport Packages-Part 3:Stacking Test Methods Using a Static Load[S].
[6]GB/T 4857.5-92,包装运输包装件跌落试验方法[S].GB/T 4857.5-92,Packing-transport Packages-Vertical Impact Test[S].
[7]GB/T 4857.23-2012,包装运输包装件基本试验第23部分随机振动试验方法[S].GB/T 4857.23-2012,Packing-basic Tests for Transport Packages-Part 23:Random Vibration Test Method[S].
[8]杨永伟.军用危险货物新产品铁路运输装运方案研究报告(X弹药)[R].天津:陆军军事交通学院,2017.YANG Yong-wei.Study Report on the Transportation Plan of Military Dangerous Goods by Railway(XAmmunition)[R].Tianjin:Army Military Transportation University,2017.
[9]杨永伟.军用危险货物新产品铁路运输装运方案研究报告(X弹药)[R].天津:陆军军事交通学院,2018.YANG Yong-wei.Study Report on the Transportation Plan of Military Dangerous Goods by Railway(XAmmunition)[R].Tianjin:Army Military Transportation University,2018.
[10]GB/T 5398-1999,大型运输包装件试验方法[S].GB/T 5398-1999,Test Methods for Large Transport Packages[S].
[11]GJB 2711-96,军用运输包装件试验方法[S].GJB 2711-96,Test Methods for Military Transport Packages[S].
[12]GJB 1444-92,弹药包装通用规范[S].GJB 1444-92,General Specification for Ammunition Packing[S].
[13]郑旭,杨永伟.军用危险货物新产品铁路运输装运方案研究报告(X导弹)[R].天津:陆军军事交通学院,2018.ZHENG Xu,YANG Yong-wei.Study Report on the Transportation Plan of Military Dangerous Goods by Railway(X Guided Missile)[R].Tianjin:Army Military Transportation University,2017.
[14]杨永伟.军用危险货物新产品铁路运输装运方案研究报告(X鱼雷)[R].天津:陆军军事交通学院,2018.YANG Yong-wei.Study Report on the Transportation Plan of Military Dangerous Goods by Railway(X Torpedo)[R].Tianjin:Army Military Transportation University,2018.
[2]辛昕,余贻荣,杨永伟.弹药铁路运输包装试验刍探[J].军事交通学院学报,2012(6):57-60.XIN Xin,YU Yi-rong,YANG Yong-wei.Railway Transportation Test on Ammunition Pack[J].Journal of Military Transportation University,2012(6):57-60.
[3]GJB 4403-2002,常规兵器弹药包装定型试验规程[S].GJB 4403-2002,The Approval Test Procedure for the Ammunition Package[S].
[4]TG/HY 105-2017,铁路危险货物运输管理规则[S].TG/HY 105-2017,Management Rules of Railway Dangerous Goods Transportation[S].
[5]GB/T 4857.3-2008,包装运输包装件基本试验第3部分:静载荷堆码试验方法[S].GB/T 4857.3-2008,Packing-basic Tests for Transport Packages-Part 3:Stacking Test Methods Using a Static Load[S].
[6]GB/T 4857.5-92,包装运输包装件跌落试验方法[S].GB/T 4857.5-92,Packing-transport Packages-Vertical Impact Test[S].
[7]GB/T 4857.23-2012,包装运输包装件基本试验第23部分随机振动试验方法[S].GB/T 4857.23-2012,Packing-basic Tests for Transport Packages-Part 23:Random Vibration Test Method[S].
[8]杨永伟.军用危险货物新产品铁路运输装运方案研究报告(X弹药)[R].天津:陆军军事交通学院,2017.YANG Yong-wei.Study Report on the Transportation Plan of Military Dangerous Goods by Railway(XAmmunition)[R].Tianjin:Army Military Transportation University,2017.
[9]杨永伟.军用危险货物新产品铁路运输装运方案研究报告(X弹药)[R].天津:陆军军事交通学院,2018.YANG Yong-wei.Study Report on the Transportation Plan of Military Dangerous Goods by Railway(XAmmunition)[R].Tianjin:Army Military Transportation University,2018.
[10]GB/T 5398-1999,大型运输包装件试验方法[S].GB/T 5398-1999,Test Methods for Large Transport Packages[S].
[11]GJB 2711-96,军用运输包装件试验方法[S].GJB 2711-96,Test Methods for Military Transport Packages[S].
[12]GJB 1444-92,弹药包装通用规范[S].GJB 1444-92,General Specification for Ammunition Packing[S].
[13]郑旭,杨永伟.军用危险货物新产品铁路运输装运方案研究报告(X导弹)[R].天津:陆军军事交通学院,2018.ZHENG Xu,YANG Yong-wei.Study Report on the Transportation Plan of Military Dangerous Goods by Railway(X Guided Missile)[R].Tianjin:Army Military Transportation University,2017.
[14]杨永伟.军用危险货物新产品铁路运输装运方案研究报告(X鱼雷)[R].天津:陆军军事交通学院,2018.YANG Yong-wei.Study Report on the Transportation Plan of Military Dangerous Goods by Railway(X Torpedo)[R].Tianjin:Army Military Transportation University,2018.