超音速火焰喷涂FeCrBSi合金涂层的高温磨损性能
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摘要
采用超音速火焰喷涂法在H13钢表面制备了FeCrBSi涂层,通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、分析了其表面的截面形貌、化学元素组成和物相。利用球/平面接触方式进行了涂层高温磨损试验,采用FESEM及其EDS分析了磨痕形貌和化学元素的变化,讨论了高温对涂层摩擦因数(COF)和磨损性能的影响。结果表明,FeCrBSi涂层表面涂覆性均匀,涂层厚度约为100μm,涂层截面无明显的层状结构;涂层磨痕处Fe,Cr,B和Si元素分布较均匀,没有发生富集现象;涂层在高温磨损后主要物相为α(Fe,Cr)固溶体,由摩擦产生FeSi相改善了涂层抗高温磨损性能;在200,300,400和500℃时涂层的摩擦因数平均值分别为0.29,0.70,0.63,0.54,氧化膜分布不均匀和磨损形式是摩擦因数发生变化的主要因素;在200℃时涂层主要发生氧化磨损,而在300,400和500℃时主要发生氧化磨损并伴有轻微的磨粒磨损,其中Cr和Si的化合物是涂层耐磨的主要因素。
A layer of FeCrBSi coating was prepared on H13 hot worked die steel by high velocity oxygen fuel( HVOF),the surfacesection morphologies,chemical element compositions,and phases were analyzed with field emission scanning electron microscopy( FMSEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy( EDS) and X-ray diffraction( XRD),respectively. The friction and wear behaviors were investigated at high temperatures by the means of ball / plane contact,the wear scar morphologies and the changes of chemical elements on the coating surface after wear test were analyzed with SEM and EDS,respectively,and the influences of high temperature on coefficient of friction( COF) and wear performance were discussed. The results showed that the covering on the FeCrBSi coating surface was uniform,of which thickness was about 100 μm,and the coating section had no obvious layered structures. The distributions of Fe,Cr,B and Si elements on the coating worn scars were uniform,no obvious enrichment phenomenon. The main phase of the coating after high temperature wear was α-( Ni,Cr) solid solution,and the Fe Si phase produced by friction improved the high temperature wear resistance of the coating. At the temperatures of 200,300,400 and 500 ℃,the average COF values were 0. 29,0. 70,0. 63 and 0. 54,respectively,and the non-uniform distribution of oxide films and wear form were the main factors of COF change. The wear mechanism of FeCrBSi coating was an oxidative wear at 200 ℃,and the wear mechanism was mainly composed of oxidative wear,accompanied with abrasive wear at 300,400 and 500 ℃,in which the compounds of Cr and Si atoms were the main factors of increasing wear resistance of the coating.
A layer of FeCrBSi coating was prepared on H13 hot worked die steel by high velocity oxygen fuel( HVOF),the surfacesection morphologies,chemical element compositions,and phases were analyzed with field emission scanning electron microscopy( FMSEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy( EDS) and X-ray diffraction( XRD),respectively. The friction and wear behaviors were investigated at high temperatures by the means of ball / plane contact,the wear scar morphologies and the changes of chemical elements on the coating surface after wear test were analyzed with SEM and EDS,respectively,and the influences of high temperature on coefficient of friction( COF) and wear performance were discussed. The results showed that the covering on the FeCrBSi coating surface was uniform,of which thickness was about 100 μm,and the coating section had no obvious layered structures. The distributions of Fe,Cr,B and Si elements on the coating worn scars were uniform,no obvious enrichment phenomenon. The main phase of the coating after high temperature wear was α-( Ni,Cr) solid solution,and the Fe Si phase produced by friction improved the high temperature wear resistance of the coating. At the temperatures of 200,300,400 and 500 ℃,the average COF values were 0. 29,0. 70,0. 63 and 0. 54,respectively,and the non-uniform distribution of oxide films and wear form were the main factors of COF change. The wear mechanism of FeCrBSi coating was an oxidative wear at 200 ℃,and the wear mechanism was mainly composed of oxidative wear,accompanied with abrasive wear at 300,400 and 500 ℃,in which the compounds of Cr and Si atoms were the main factors of increasing wear resistance of the coating.
引文
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[8]Li S,Hu Q W,Zeng X Y.Research development of Fe-based alloy powder for laser cladding[J].Laser Technology,2004,28(6):591.(李胜,胡乾午,曾晓雁.激光熔覆专用铁基合金粉末的研究进展[J].激光技术,2004,28(6):591).
[9]Cui C,Ye F X,Wei H H.Influences of the APS parameters on the properties of Fe-based amorphous alloy coatings[J].Thermal Spray Technology,2010,2(4):14.(崔崇,叶福兴,魏海宏.等离子喷涂工艺对Fe基非晶合金涂层微观组织结构的影响[J].热喷涂技术,2010,2(4):14.).
[10]Yin X Y,Wu Y P Lin L,Wang T,Lu W H.Effect of plasma spraying process parameters on the bonding strength of Fe Cr BSi alloyed coatings[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Phys.Test.),2009,45:478.(殷秀银,吴玉萍,林龙,王涛,卢文欢.等离子喷涂工艺参数对Fe Cr BSi合金涂层结合强度的影响[J].理化检验-物理分册,2009,45:478.)
[11]Yang H L,Sun Y F,Zhao J Y,Hu S M,Jia X C.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and property of Fe Cr BSi coating formed by high frequency induction cladding[J].Surface Technology,2011,40(6):38.(杨会龙,孙玉福,赵靖宇,胡素梦,贾祥才.热处理对高频感应Fe Cr BSi熔覆层组织及性能的影响[J].表面技术,2011,40(6):38.)
[12]Zhou J,Xu B S,Wang H D,Xing Z G,Piao Z Y.Finite element analysis for contact stress of plasma sprayed Fe Cr BSi coating[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2015,44(9):2159.(周京,徐滨士,王海斗,邢志国,朴钟宇.等离子喷涂Fe Cr BSi涂层接触应力有限元分析[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2015,44(9):2159.)
[13]Zhu L N,Xu B S,Wang H D,Wang C B.On the evaluation of residual stress and mechanical properties of Fe Cr BSi coatings by nanoindentation[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2012,536:98.
[14]Wang Z Y,Li G L,Wang H D,Liu J H,Xu B S,Kang J J.Analysis of microstructure and residual stresses in supersonic plasma sprayed Fe Cr BSi coatings[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2012,33(1):146.(王召煜,李国禄,王海斗,刘金海,徐滨士,康嘉杰.超音速等离子喷涂Fe Cr BSi涂层组织和残余应力分析[J].材料热处理学报,2012,33(1):146.)
[15]Cheng J B,Xu B S,Liang X B,Chen Y X,Liu Y.Effect of annealing treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Cr based coatings[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2008,29(6):140.(程江波,徐滨士,梁秀兵,陈永雄,刘燕.热处理对Fe-Cr基喷涂层组织及力学性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2008,29(6):140.)
[2]Zhao J H,Zhao G H,Li T,Liu X,Li J L.Structure and properties of composite ceramic coatings on H13steel by hot dipping aluminum and plasma electrolytic oxidation[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2012,33(3):129.(赵建华,赵国华,李涛,刘鑫,李佳丽.H13热作模具钢微弧氧化复合陶瓷层的组织和性能[J].材料热处理学报,2012,33(3):129.)
[3]Wang D,Li H,Yang H,Ma J,Li G J.Tribological evaluation of surface modified H13 tool steel in warm forming of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheet[J].Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2014,27(4):1002.
[4]Tao K,Yu S J,Wang J S,Zhou X L,Cui H.Slidingwear behavior of HVAF-sprayed coarse-grained and nanocrystalline Ni Cr C coatings[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2012,33(5):136.(陶凯,于慎君,王继生,周香林,崔华.超音速火焰喷涂Ni Cr C涂层的滑动摩擦磨损行为[J].材料热处理学报,2012,33(5):136.)
[5]Tan J,Chen J M,Liu M,Li C J,Jiang B L.Surface engineering towards green manufacturing and remanufacturing[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,47(20):95.(谭俊,陈建敏,刘敏,李长久,蒋百灵.面向绿色制造和再制造的表面工程[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(20):95.)
[6]Wang Y B,Zhao S S,Gao W Y,Zhou C Y,Liu F L,Lin X C.Microstructure and properties of laser cladding Fe Cr BSi composite powder coatings with higher Cr content[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2014,214(4):899.
[7]Qing Y H.Influence of molybdenum on the microstructure and properties of a Fe Cr BSi alloy coating deposited by plasma transferred arc hardfacing[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2013,225:11.
[8]Li S,Hu Q W,Zeng X Y.Research development of Fe-based alloy powder for laser cladding[J].Laser Technology,2004,28(6):591.(李胜,胡乾午,曾晓雁.激光熔覆专用铁基合金粉末的研究进展[J].激光技术,2004,28(6):591).
[9]Cui C,Ye F X,Wei H H.Influences of the APS parameters on the properties of Fe-based amorphous alloy coatings[J].Thermal Spray Technology,2010,2(4):14.(崔崇,叶福兴,魏海宏.等离子喷涂工艺对Fe基非晶合金涂层微观组织结构的影响[J].热喷涂技术,2010,2(4):14.).
[10]Yin X Y,Wu Y P Lin L,Wang T,Lu W H.Effect of plasma spraying process parameters on the bonding strength of Fe Cr BSi alloyed coatings[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Phys.Test.),2009,45:478.(殷秀银,吴玉萍,林龙,王涛,卢文欢.等离子喷涂工艺参数对Fe Cr BSi合金涂层结合强度的影响[J].理化检验-物理分册,2009,45:478.)
[11]Yang H L,Sun Y F,Zhao J Y,Hu S M,Jia X C.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and property of Fe Cr BSi coating formed by high frequency induction cladding[J].Surface Technology,2011,40(6):38.(杨会龙,孙玉福,赵靖宇,胡素梦,贾祥才.热处理对高频感应Fe Cr BSi熔覆层组织及性能的影响[J].表面技术,2011,40(6):38.)
[12]Zhou J,Xu B S,Wang H D,Xing Z G,Piao Z Y.Finite element analysis for contact stress of plasma sprayed Fe Cr BSi coating[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2015,44(9):2159.(周京,徐滨士,王海斗,邢志国,朴钟宇.等离子喷涂Fe Cr BSi涂层接触应力有限元分析[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2015,44(9):2159.)
[13]Zhu L N,Xu B S,Wang H D,Wang C B.On the evaluation of residual stress and mechanical properties of Fe Cr BSi coatings by nanoindentation[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2012,536:98.
[14]Wang Z Y,Li G L,Wang H D,Liu J H,Xu B S,Kang J J.Analysis of microstructure and residual stresses in supersonic plasma sprayed Fe Cr BSi coatings[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2012,33(1):146.(王召煜,李国禄,王海斗,刘金海,徐滨士,康嘉杰.超音速等离子喷涂Fe Cr BSi涂层组织和残余应力分析[J].材料热处理学报,2012,33(1):146.)
[15]Cheng J B,Xu B S,Liang X B,Chen Y X,Liu Y.Effect of annealing treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Cr based coatings[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2008,29(6):140.(程江波,徐滨士,梁秀兵,陈永雄,刘燕.热处理对Fe-Cr基喷涂层组织及力学性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2008,29(6):140.)