微量Si和Fe对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti合金组织与性能的影响
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摘要
为了提高Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的力学性能及抗腐蚀性能,通过拉伸试验、晶间腐蚀、剥落腐蚀、应力腐蚀及电化学试验,并结合金相分析及高分辨电镜分析,研究微量Si和Fe的添加对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti合金组织与性能的影响。研究结果表明:微量元素的添加明显抑制合金的再结晶,使合金晶粒细小,亚结构稳定,强化合金,从而提高其力学性能及抗腐蚀性能,电化学循环极化曲线试验中自腐蚀电流密度的降低也与抗晶间腐蚀能力增强的结果较吻合;复合添加微量Si和Fe元素使合金基体中形成大量粗大黑色的Al_7Cu_2Fe相,与基体不共格,导致合金时效后再结晶严重,力学性能变差,电化学极化曲线中自腐蚀电流密度增高,抗腐蚀性能明显降低。
To increase the mechanical properties and the stress corrosion cracking resistance of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, the effects of minor Si and Fe additions on microstructure and properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti aluminum alloy were investigated by tensile test, intergranular corrosion, spalling corrosion, stress corrosion cracking test and electrochemical corrosion optical microscopy and aberration corrected high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results show that compared with the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti-Fe alloy, the addition of minor Si to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti-Fe aluminum alloy increases the ability to inhibit recrystallization during solid solution treatment, which increases the mechanical properties and the stress corrosion cracking resistance. And Jcorr in electrochemical corrosion is coincident with intergranular corrosion. The composite addition of minor Si and Fe to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti-Fe aluminum alloys can form massive dispersion precipitates, which makes severe recrystallization, decreases the mechanical properties, increases Jcorr in electrochemical corrosion, and reduces the stress corrosion cracking resistance.
To increase the mechanical properties and the stress corrosion cracking resistance of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, the effects of minor Si and Fe additions on microstructure and properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti aluminum alloy were investigated by tensile test, intergranular corrosion, spalling corrosion, stress corrosion cracking test and electrochemical corrosion optical microscopy and aberration corrected high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results show that compared with the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti-Fe alloy, the addition of minor Si to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti-Fe aluminum alloy increases the ability to inhibit recrystallization during solid solution treatment, which increases the mechanical properties and the stress corrosion cracking resistance. And Jcorr in electrochemical corrosion is coincident with intergranular corrosion. The composite addition of minor Si and Fe to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Ti-Fe aluminum alloys can form massive dispersion precipitates, which makes severe recrystallization, decreases the mechanical properties, increases Jcorr in electrochemical corrosion, and reduces the stress corrosion cracking resistance.
引文
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[2]田福泉,李念奎,崔建忠.超高强铝合金强韧化的发展过程及方向[J].轻合金加工技术,2005,33(12):1-9.TIAN Fuquan,LI Niankui,CUI Jianzhong.Research and development of ultra high strength aluminum alloy[J].Light Alloy Fabrication Technology,2005,33(12):1-9.
[3]谢优华,杨守杰,戴圣龙,等.锆元素在铝合金中的应用[J].航空材料学报,2002,22(4):56-61.XIE Youhua,YANG Shoujie,DAI Shenglong,et al.Application of element Zr in aluminum alloys[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2002,22(4):56-61.
[4]QIU D,TAYLOR J A,ZHANG M X.Understanding the Co-poisoning effect of Zr and Ti on the grain refinement of cast aluminum alloys[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2010,41(13):3412-3421.
[5]王淑俊.含Zr铝合金的细化“中毒”现象及其细化新工艺研究[D].济南:山东大学材料科学与工程学院,2009:1-69.WANG Shujun.Refinement of Zr aluminum alloy and its refining process[D].Jinan:Shandong University.School of Material Science and Engineering,2009:1-69.
[6]肖政兵,邓运来,唐建国,等.Al-Ti-C与Al-Ti-B晶粒细化剂的Zr中毒机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(2):372-378.XIAO Zhengbing,DENG Yunlai,TANG Jianguo,et al.Poisoning mechanism of Zr on grain refiner of Al-Ti-C and Al-Ti-B[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2012,22(2):372-378.
[7]HE Yongdong,ZHANG Xinming,CAO Zhiqiang.Effect of Minor Cr,Mn,Zr,Ti and B on grain refinement of as-cast Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2010,39(7):1135-1140.
[8]贺永东,张新明,游江海.复合添加微量铬、锰、钛、锆对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金组织与性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2005,15(12):1917-1924.HE Yongdong,ZHANG Xingming,YOU Jianghai.Effect of minor Cr,Mn,Ti and Zr on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu based alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2005,15(12):1917-1924.
[9]刘宏亮,疏达,王俊,等.超高强铝合金中杂质元素的研究现状[J].材料导报,2011,25(5):84-87.LIU Hongliang,SHU Da,WANG Jun,et al.Research status on impurities in ultra high strength aluminum alloys[J].Materials Review,2011,25(3):84-87.
[10]SATO T,KAMIO A,LORIMER G W.Effects of Si and Ti addition on the nucleation and phase stability of the L12-type Al3Zr phase in Al-Zr alloys[J].Materials Science Forum,1996,217:895-900.
[11]CHEMIN A,MARQUES D,BISANHA L,et al.Influence of Al7Cu2Fe intermetallic particles on the localized corrosion of high strength aluminum alloys[J].Materials and Design,2014,53(1):118-223.
[12]BIRBILIS N,CAVANAUGH M K,BUCHHEIT R G.Electrochemical behavior and localized corrosion associated with Al7Cu2Fe particlesin aluminum alloy 7075-T651[J].Corrosion Science,2006,48(12):4202-4215.
[13]翟开华,傅骏.氯化钠浓度和温度对超高强铝合金腐蚀性能的影响[J].化工新型材料,2015,43(10):129-131.HUO Kaihua,FU Jun.Influence of Na Cl concentration and temperature on corrosion property of ultrahigh strength Al alloy[J].New Chemical Materials,2015,43(10):129-131.
[14]吴萌顺.金属腐蚀研究方法[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1993:68-77.WU Mengshun.Research methods of metal corrosion[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1993:68-77.
[15]NES E,WERT J A.A modeling of recrystallization in alloys with a bimodal particle size distribution[J].Scripta Metallurgica,1984,18(12):1433-1438.
[16]ZHANG Zhou,CHEN Kanghua,FANG Huachan,et al.Effect of Yb addition on strength and fracture toughness of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr aluminum alloy[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2008,18(5):1037-1042.
[17]HUANG Ke,MARTHINSEN K,ZHAO Qinglong,et al.The double-edge effect of second-phase particles on the recrystallization behaviour and associated mechanical properties of metallic materials[J].Progress in Materials Science,2018,92:284-359.
[18]KANNAN M,RAJA V S.Enhancing stress corrosion cracking resistance in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy through inhibiting recrystallization[J].Engineering Fracture Echanics,2010,77(2):249-256.
[19]ROBSON J D,PRANGNELL P B.Predicting recrystallized volume fraction in aluminium alloy 7050 hot rolled plate[J].Materials Science and Technology,2002,18(6):607-614.
[20]DAY M K B,CORNISH A J,DENT T P.The relationship between structure and stress-corrosion life in an Al-Zn-Mg alloy[J].Metal Science,2013,3(1):175-182.
[21]佘欢,疏达,储威,等.Fe和Si杂质元素对7xxx系高强航空铝合金组织及性能的影响[J].材料工程,2013(6):92-98.SHE Huan,SHU Da,CHU Wei,et al.Effects of Fe and Si impurities on the microstructure and properties of 7xxx high strength aircraft aluminum alloys[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2013(6):92-98.