分级淬火对6016铝合金自然时效及烤漆硬化的影响
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摘要
通过硬度测试、拉伸试验、杯凸试验,结合SEM、EDS等分析方法,研究了固溶淬火温度、时间对6016铝合金自然时效的抑制作用和烤漆过程中硬化效应的影响。结果表明:分级淬火工艺一定程度上可以抑制自然时效对板材力学性能的不利影响,还能促进板材的快速时效强化,当淬火介质温度为100℃且保温时间为50~60 min时,对板材自然时效的抑制作用强,烤漆前具有良好的成形性能(IE值为8.2 mm),烤漆硬化效应最高(PBR值为38 HV0.3),烤漆后力学性能较佳,强化相为尺寸较大且以Al Fe Si为主要组成的金属间化合物,还有主要由Mg和Si元素组成的纳米级第二相析出粒子。
Influence of interrupted quenching( IQ) temperature and IQ holding time on the inhibition of the adverse effects of natural aging and the promotion of paint-bake response of 6016 aluminum alloy were studied through the hardness test,cup convex test,combined with SEM,EDS and other analytical methods. The results show that the IQ treatments can inhibit the adverse effect of natural aging on the mechanical properties,and promote the rapid aging,when the quenchant temperature is 100 ℃ and the holding time is 50-60 min,the inhibition of the adverse effect of the natural aging is not only strong,so the sheet has good forming performance( IE value is 8. 2 mm) before paint baking,but also the paint-bake response is the highest( PBR value is 38 HV0. 3). The mechanical properties of the alloy after paint baking become better,reinforced phase is larger and Al Fe Si as the main composition of intermetallic compounds,as well as mainly composed of Mg and Si elements of nano-secondary phase precipitation particles.
Influence of interrupted quenching( IQ) temperature and IQ holding time on the inhibition of the adverse effects of natural aging and the promotion of paint-bake response of 6016 aluminum alloy were studied through the hardness test,cup convex test,combined with SEM,EDS and other analytical methods. The results show that the IQ treatments can inhibit the adverse effect of natural aging on the mechanical properties,and promote the rapid aging,when the quenchant temperature is 100 ℃ and the holding time is 50-60 min,the inhibition of the adverse effect of the natural aging is not only strong,so the sheet has good forming performance( IE value is 8. 2 mm) before paint baking,but also the paint-bake response is the highest( PBR value is 38 HV0. 3). The mechanical properties of the alloy after paint baking become better,reinforced phase is larger and Al Fe Si as the main composition of intermetallic compounds,as well as mainly composed of Mg and Si elements of nano-secondary phase precipitation particles.
引文
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[16]Chang C S T,Banhart J.Low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry of an Al-Mg-Si alloy[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2011,42(7):1960-1964.
[2]郑晖,赵曦雅.汽车轻量化及铝合金在现代汽车生产中的应用[J].锻压技术,2016(2):1-6.Zheng Hui,Zhao Xiya.Lightweight automobile and application of aluminum alloys in modern automobile production[J].Forging and Stamping Technology,2016(2):1-6.
[3]李辉,张华,祝贞凤,等.预时效时间对汽车用6016铝合金组织与性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2016,41(12):149-152.Li Hui,Zhang Hua,Zhu Zhenfeng,et al.FInfluence of pre-aging time on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6016 aluminum alloy for automobile[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(12):149-152.
[4]Buha J,Lumley R N,Crosky A G,et al.Secondary precipitation in an Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy[J].Acta Materialia,2007,55(9):3015-3024.
[5]李彩文,潘学著,刘露露,等.在线淬火对6061、6005铝合金型材组织与性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2010,35(6):59-62.Li Caiwen,Pan Xuezhu,Liu Lulu,et al.Effect of on-line quenching on m icrostructure and mechanical properties of 6061 and 6005 alloy profile[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2010,35(6):59-62.
[6]张忠文,杜宝帅,李新梅,等.预时效时间对Al-Mg-Si铝合金性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2013,38(6):80-82.Zhang Zhongwen,Du Baoshuai,Li Xinmei,et al.Influence of preaging time on properties of Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2013,38(6):80-82.
[7]张德芬,谭盖,刘璐,等.热处理对6061铝合金组织与性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2015,40(11):184-187.Zhang Defen,Tan Gai,Liu Lu,et al.Effect of heat treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2015,40(11):184-187.
[8]赵鸿金,曾文锋,孔军,等.7055铝合金多级均匀化工艺研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2013,4(3):49-53.Zhao Hongjin,Zeng Wenfeng,Kong Jun,et al.Multi-level homogenization technology of 7055 aluminum alloy[J].Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering,2013,4(3):49-53.
[9]Edwards G A,Stiller K,Dunlop G L,et al.The precipitation sequence in Al-Mg-Si alloys[J].Acta Materialia,1998,46(11):3893-3904.
[10]孙燕,任洁,张艳姝.固溶处理及双级时效对7050铝合金微观组织和硬度的影响[J].金属热处理,2016,41(3):25-31.Sun Yan,Ren Jie,Zhang Yanshu.Effects of solution and two-step aging on microstructure and hardness of 7050 aluminum alloy[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(3):25-31.
[11]刘星兴.微合金化及热处理对车身用6016铝合金组织与性能的影响[D].长沙:中南大学,2013.
[12]Birol Y.Preaging to improve bake hardening in a twin-roll cast Al-MgSi alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2005,391(1):175-180.
[13]刘星兴,唐建国,张新明,等.双级淬火对车身板用6016铝合金烤漆硬化效应的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(5):1186-1193.Liu Xingxing,Tang Jianguo,Zhang Xinming,et al.Influence of interrupted quenching on paint-bake response of AA6016 Al alloy sheet[J].Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(5):1186-1193.
[14]Li Y,An X X,Wang Z D,et al.Solid solution treatment process like in air-cushion furnace of 6016 aluminum alloy auto body sheet[J].Cailiao Rechuli Xuebao/transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2015,36:144-151.
[15]冉广,周敬恩,王永芳.铸造A356铝合金的拉伸性能及其断口分析[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2006,35(10):1620-1624.Ran Guang,Zhou Jin'en,Wang Yongfang.Study on tensile properties and fractography of cast A356 aluminum alloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2006,35(10):1620-1624.
[16]Chang C S T,Banhart J.Low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry of an Al-Mg-Si alloy[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2011,42(7):1960-1964.