摘要
作者主要以微观经济学和技术经济学为基本理论体系，从产品的角度分析和研究电信服务的有关技术经济问题。
首先，概括介绍了电信的定义、电信业的含义与界定、电信业务的分类和电信业务的技术特点等。
接着，分别介绍了电信业务的供给情况和需求情况，其中强调了电信业的需求曲线保留了传统经济学的特征，而其供给方式已经带有新经济的色彩——某一电信服务的供给并没有一条确切的供给曲线。
然后，从电信服务的产品特殊性入手，参考了“话务量”的定义，结合了数据通信技术的技术特点，提出用“广义的实际电信交换量”来间接表示电信服务的供给量，即把电信服务的供给量看作电信业务经营者是在一定时间内向消费者出售某种信息通道或某些信息内容，在此基础上，对电信服务的边际效用、外部效应、范围经济性等进行理论分析，进而对电信服务展开技术经济分析。分析结果表明：电信服务具有边际效用递增的性质；电信服务的外部效应反映在对于社会而言的有益外部性和社会福利性，对于行业内部而言会导致生产成本下降的外部经济性；电信服务的范围经济性对于电信运营商在经营过程中分散投资风险、充分利用新的市场机会等方面意义重大；电信服务的产品特殊性，以及从其边际效用、外部效应、范围经济性等反映出来与常规工业产品不同的特点，都与电信技术的发展密切相关。技术进步促进了电信服务的发展，电信服务是对技术水平要求最严格的经济活动。电信服务的核心是技术，电信服务的技术价值是先进性、成熟性和市场经济性三者的结合，所以从事某项电信服务的发展规划时，应避免由于三者之间的脱节而带来的风险。
作者在实证分析部分通过对中国移动通信服务和无线寻呼服务的技术经济比较分析，指出：由于移动通信服务在技术经济上的比较优势日益明显，因此移动通信服务对无线寻呼服务的替代已成为趋势。
最后，作者简述了目前中国国内电信服务市场的竞争格局，以及入世后对中国电信服务的影响，分别针对电信运营者和政府部门，提出了发展电信服务的政策建议。
On the theories of Microeconomics and Technical Economics, this paper studies tech-economic properties of Telecom Services from the point of view of Product.
This paper firstly introduces the definition of telecom, the implication and the subdivision of telecom industry, and the classifications and the technical features of telecom services.
Secondly, this paper briefly presents actualities of the supply and demand of telecom services, and in the meantime emphasizes the fact that telecom industry retains the traits of traditional demand curve but with unconventional methods of supply within New Economy ?it has no tangible supply curve.
Using the definition of Traffic Volume for reference and considering the specialties of data communication technologies, this paper brings forward Generalized Actual Telecom Exchange Volume (GATEV) to represent the supplied quantity of Telecom Services. GATEV means the number of communication channels or the volume of information content consumed by users within a certain period of time. According to GATEV, this paper theoretically analyzes the marginal utility, the external effect and the economy of scope of Telecom Services, and further analyzes the tech-economy of Telecom Services. These studies show that:
· Being the carrier of Information, whose marginal utility increases by degrees, Telecom Services earn the same property as the cargo.
· The external effects of Telecom Services find expression in three aspects: beneficial externality, social welfare, and external economy.
· During the process of the business operation, it's significant for telecom operators to make use of the trait of economy of scope of Telecom Services to decentralize the investment risk and take full advantage of new market opportunities.
· The particularities of Telecom Services different from those of average industrial products have a very close relationship with the development of
telecommunications. Telecom servings are the economic activities by request of the strictest technology level. The core of Telecom Services is technology. Technical progress is a fundamental reason for the transform of the managerial system of telecom industry, and meanwhile accelerates the improvement of Telecom Services. Advance, maturity and marketability compose the technical value of Telecom Services; so we should prevent the disjunction among them when making a development planning for a concrete telecom service.
The empirical analysis in this paper studies the differences between China Mobile Communication Services and China Wireless Pager Services in tech-economy. It concludes that China Mobile Communication Services will substitute China Wireless Pager Services ultimately because of the increasing comparative advantages of Mobile Communication Services.
At last, this paper sketchily describes the current competition structure of China Telecom Services market and the impacts on China Telecom Services brought about by the nation's entry into the WTO, and puts forward the countermeasures for telecom operators and government to improve Telecom Services in China.
引文
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