摘要
随着地下空间开发利用的快速发展，地下工程的抗震性能如何愈来愈受到关注。保证隧道工程在地震时的功能正常，深具战略意义。论文简述了国内外有代表性的隧道工程震害事例和各国研究动向及震害研究主要方法、总结了震害特点和分类、简述了震害作用机理；基于川西高原东北部的鹧鸪山隧道的基本资料，利用ANSYS计算软件中瞬态动力学分析方法，对多种不同情况围岩—隧道结构体系的相互作用原理进行了数值分析，对比分析了不同衬砌材料、不同衬砌厚度、不同地震基本烈度、隧道断面面积发生突变等情况下隧道结构的动力反应。分析表明：钢筋混凝土和钢纤维混凝土都是优良的抗震衬砌材料；存在一个最优衬砌厚度，很好地协调着衬砌横断面在地震中的不同变化；截面形式变化的情况越少，抗震性能越好；及时施作仰拱对隧道结构抗震有着积极的作用；双联拱隧道的左右洞室在地震中将产生不同的反应，应有区别对待；新奥法施工原理有利于隧道抗震，应从规范上明确要求使用这种工法施工。以上结论，可供有关人员进行抗震规范制订和修改、抗震设计和施工及抗震分析参考。
With the quickly development and utilization of underground space, the anti-seismic performance of underground constructions is being paying close attention to increasingly. It has strategic meaning that how to assuring the tunnel working well during earthquake. In this paper the summary of worldwide typical instances of tunnels behavior during earthquake and research developments & methods is briefly described, the characteristics regarding the tunnel damages during earthquake and classification are summed up, the damage mechanism of action from earthquake is described too. Based on the data of Zhegushan tunnel which is situated on the north-east of West Sichuan plateau, the transient dynamic method of ANSYS compute software is used to study the mutual action principles of variety surrounding rock & tunnel construction systems, Such as the different lining material, different lining thickness, different earthquake intensity, the tunnel section where the area change sharply. etc., Results of the analysis ref
lects that SFRC and steel concrete are both good lining materials with high-practicability. There is a best lining thickness harmonizes the different changes of lining during earthquake. The less the shapes of the section, the better the performance of anti-seismic. It is positive to tunnel if build the invert arch in time. Discrimination shall be taken to double-arch tunnel as its two holes have difference performance during earthquake. The NATM principle shall be required to use in technical regulation for its advantage of anti-seismic. The contents of this paper may be used as a reference for formulate and modify earthquake resistant regulation, design and construction of tunnel.
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