我国预算会计改革及发展取向研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
我国现行的预算会计制度是1998年1月1日正式实行的,虽然与原预算会计制度相比,会计核算体系更加系统,会计核算方法更加科学,会计信息更加具有可比性,财务报告内容更加完整。但是随着政府职能的转变、行政事业管理体制的改革、经济体制的改革、以及在财政预算管理制度方面进行了一系列的改革,现行的预算会计越来越不能满足经济和社会发展的需要,主要表现在:现行预算会计体系不合理;收付实现制预算会计基础存在一定的局限性;会计报告信息不够完整等方面。
     本文针对我国现行预算会计制度中存在的问题及不足,提出应充分借鉴国外经验,界定我国的预算会计体系,并应向政府会计体系靠拢。在预算会计核算基础改革方面,本文在通过仔细研究两个典型国家新西兰和加拿大的权责发生制改革过程及成效的基础上,指出了几点我国可以借鉴的两国改革的经验。在建立我国政府财务报告制度方面,通过分析美国的政府财务报告制度,得到启示。应建立和完善我国政府财务报告体系,使我国预算会计改革既要与国际惯例接轨又不乏中国特色。
Our country's current budget accounting system was formally implemented on January 1, 1998, though compared with original budget accounting system, The new one's accounting calculative system is more systematic, the new one's accounting calculative method is more scientific, the new one's accounting information is more comparable, the new one's content of the financial report is more intact. But with the governmental functions changing, the managing system's reforming of the administration and enterprise, the economical system's reforming and a series of reforms of financial budget's administrant system, The current budget accounting can't satisfy the needs of economy and social development, Show mainly: The current budget accounting system is unreasonable; cash basis has certain limitation; The financial report's information is not intact, and so on.
    Directing against the questions and deficiencies that exist in our country's current budget accounting system, the author proposed that we should use external experience for reference, define the budget accounting system of our country, should draw close to the governmental accounting system also. On the reforming of the budget accounting calculative basis, through carefully studied the Zelanian and Canadian accrual basis's reforming course and the effects, the author have pointed out the experience of the two countries' reforming that our country can use for reference. In establishing the system of governmental financial report, through analyzing the American governmental financial reporting system, the author got enlightenment. We should set up and perfect our governmental financial report system, make our country's budget accounting reform not only according with the international practice but also having Chinese distinct characteristics.
引文
1.中华人民共和国财政部.《预算会计核算制度改革要点》1996.2
    2.扬远震.《预算会计》.中国财政经济出版社.1999年8月第2版,5-7
    3.《政府会计权责发生制研究》课题组.我国预算会计制度的深化改革.《财务与会计》,2002.09
    4. Odd J. Stalebrink Governmental Accounting and Financial Reporting in Transition: A Study of "Earnings Management" under the Accrual and Consolidation Model .A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of George Mason University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of PH.D. in Public Policy ,2002
    5. Norvald Monsen and Salme Nasi. The Contingency Model of Governmental Accounting Innovations: a discussion. European Accounting Review, Jul 98,Vol.7 Issue 2
    6.刘光忠.改进我国预算会计制度的思考.《会计研究》,2002.01
    7.张雪芬.预算会计改革思考.《会计研究》,2001.04
    8.李定清,刘东.中美政府会计比较研究.《财务与会计导刊》,2004.1
    9.张文贤,高建兵.《高级财务会计》.首都经济贸易大学出版社.2003年3月第一版
    10.《非营利组织会计问题研究》课题组.美国的政府会计规范及其借鉴.《会计研究》,2001.4
    11.张霞.中美政府会计比较及其研究.《财会通讯》,2003.8
    12.楼继伟.《政府预算与会计的未来》.中国财政经济出版社.2002年1月第1版
    13.全国预算会计研究会.事业单位会计的发展趋势.《预算管理与会计》,2000.03
    14.王庆成,王衍弘.论事业单位会计的地位.《预算管理与会计》,1999.03
    15.赵建勇.中国预算会计体系问题研究.《财经问题研究》,2001.04
    16.赵建勇.试论中国预算会计体系《财经研究》2001.06
    17.师新寰,葛金凤.对事业单位会计定位的思考.《山西统计》1999.7
    18.中华人民共和国财政部.《事业单位会计准则(试行)》
    19.罗朝晖.中美政府及非营利组织会计基础比较.《西部财会》,2003.11
    20.宋衍蘅,陈晓.西方国家政府会计的比较及其借鉴.《财务与会计导刊》,2003.01
    21.张月玲.OECD国家政府会计基础改革对我国的启示.《预算管理与会计》,2003.07
    22.郭彤等.试析政府会计转换权责发生制的成因.《预算管理与会计》,2002.03
    23.马伟.关于预算会计运用权责发生制的探讨.《预算管理与会计》,2003.05
    24.钟蓓雄.关于我国预算会计改革的探讨.《上海会计》,2003.05
    
    
    25.陈继初.论政府会计引入权责发生制的必要性和可能性.《事业财会》,2003.03
    26.张志超,蔡芳,郭玲等译.《政府与非盈利组织会计导论》.机械工业出版社.2003年第1版
    27.王庆成.关于预算会计几个理论问题的研究《预算会计理论研究》,2003.07
    28.李定清.论预算会计目标,《财务与会计导刊》,2003.02
    29.赵建勇.政府会计目标的国际比较.《财经研究》,1998.02
    30.赵建勇.《中外政府会计规范比较研究》.上海财经大学出版社.1999年10月第1版
    31.中华人民共和国.《财政总预算会计制度》
    32.中华人民共和国财政部.《行政单位会计制度》
    33.中华人民共和国财政部.《事业单位会计制度》
    34.王庆成.深化预算会计改革的构想.《财务与会计》,2003.06
    35.王庆成.预算会计发展的展望.《事业财会》,2000.01
    36.李建发.《政府会计论》.厦门大学出版社.1999年3月第1版
    37.王庆成.对事业单位会计报表设置的改进建议.《预算管理与会计》,2003.09
    38.李建发.论改进我国政府会计与财务报告.《预算管理与会计》,2001.06
    39. National Council of Governmental Accounting Statements N-63. Defining the Governmental Reporting Entity. 1982
    40. Freeman, Shoulders. Governmental and Nonprofit Accounting Theory and Practice. Prentice Hall, 1996
    41. Governmental Accounting Standards Board(GASB) Codification of Governmental Accounting and Financial Reporting Standards as of June 30,1999
    42. Robert B Rogow and Zabihollah Rezaee Governmental Accounting and Auditing:Recent Developments Leading Toward Professional Certification [J] Accounting Horizons,1990,(3)
    43. John R.Miller and Frederick D.Wolf.A Look at the New Yellow Book:Tomorrow's Governmental Audits [J] Journal of Accountancy,1988,(11)