摘要
本文以八达岭超大规模地下铁路车站为工程背景,有针对性的归纳了地下车站耐久性的分析方法,并从材料与结构两个不同角度定量分析了劣化因素对八达岭车站的不利影响,预测了地下车站的耐久性寿命,并针对分析结果、借鉴工程经验,对提高八达岭地下车站结构体系耐久性的方法进行了初步探讨。
八达岭地下铁路车站为新京张铁路的控制工程,地处5A级风景区、国家自然保护区,经济文化意义重大,因此对其耐久性提出了严格的要求。本文通过分析一般结构耐久性研究现状与进展,归纳了影响结构耐久性的主要劣化因素及劣化机理,有针对性的将一般耐久性分析方法与八达岭地下铁路车站相结合,且考虑到车站体量大,结构型式复杂,除从材料劣化层面分析耐久性,还应从支护-围岩共同作用的角度,考虑劣化对结构体系安全性的影响,旨在对八达岭地下车站结构耐久性给出全面的评价与建议。在工程实例的背景下,本文研究内容如下：
(1)介绍了八达岭地下车站的工程概况。通过广泛查阅相关工程资料与文献,阐述了目前结构耐久性研究方向与成果,并列出本文的研究思路与内容。
(2)从材料的角度,归纳并阐述了影响地下结构耐久性的主要劣化因素及其劣化机理,比对分析已有研究成果,选择适合八达岭耐久性的计算模型,用于第五章寿命计算。
(3)从结构的角度,考虑衬砌劣化对围岩-支护体系造成的力学影响,借助Flac3D有限差分软件,按实际工况模拟八达岭三洞侧式站台地下车站,在掌握毛洞开挖围岩性能的情况下,监测关键点,定量考虑支护系统劣化对围岩造成的力学影响。
(4)详细介绍耐久性寿命的分类标准,并考虑八达岭地下车站重要性,选择裂缝宽度与钢筋锈蚀量寿命及承载力寿命的较小值作为八达岭地下车站的衬砌寿命准则。通过结果分析得出,车站寿命对碳化锈蚀导致衬砌开裂的敏感性大于劣化导致安全系数的下降。
(5)根据前文的分析结果,并参照已有工程经验,在文末针对设计理念、施工技术、运营管理三方面,给出了提高八达岭地下车站耐久性的综合技术与对策。
Based on the large-scale underground railway station of Badaling, the article summers up the analysis methods of underground stations durability.The article quantitatively analyzes negative influence of degeneracy of Badaling Station from two different angles of materials and structures. And then it predicts the durability life of the underground stations. Based on the results of the analysis, the article finally summarizes the pre-existing experience to improve the durability of the structure system of bandaging underground station.
Badaling underground railway station which is located in the5A level scenic areas, national nature reserves is the key project for new Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and it also has great significance of economic and culture. Therefore, it is given strict durability requirement. By analyzing the status and progress of structural durability research, the article concludes the main degradation factors which influence durability of the station and its mechanism, and analyzes station's durability by referencing method for common structure. Considering the complexity of Badaling underground station, we should analyze not only the durability of the material degradation but also consider the impacts of degradation on the safety factor of structural system from the point of view of support-surrounding rock interaction. With the engineering examples, this paper includes the following parts:
(1) The article provides a solid overview of Badaling underground station and summers up research result and trend in the field of durability by consulting reference extensively. And then the article puts forward ideas and main method.
(2) From viewpoints of material science, the article concludes the main degradation factors which influence durability of the station and its mechanism and chooses congruent mathematical model by comparison existing research for durability calculating which is used for calculating the service life of Badaling underground station in the fifth chapter.
(3) From viewpoints of structural mechanics and considering the mechanical impact on support-surrounding rock system of lining degradation, I perform the following work: by using finite difference software FLAC3D, I perform numerical simulations in pre-designed construction of Badaling underground station to grasp the surrounding rock situation of excavation without support. And then I check the key points to quantitatively analyze the impact of degradation of support system on surrounding rock.
(4) The article gives a detailed introduction on durability lifetime classification and chooses the smaller of lifetime of crack width and reinforcing bar corrosion criterion and of bearing capacity criterion for criterion of Badaling underground railway station by consideration the significance of it. And the article also concludes that the sensitivity of station's service life on liner crack is higher than on the fall of safety factor.
(5) In the end, the article summarizes the above study, references the existing engineering experience gives some comprehensive method and technology to improve the durability of the underground railway station.
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