摘要
上宫金矿位于河南省洛宁县境内,黄金储量28097kg,品位4—8g/t,是河南省重点开发的黄金矿山之一。矿体赋存于构造破碎带内,属蚀变岩型矿床。矿脉及上下盘围岩,节理发育,矿岩松软,破碎程度高,稳定性差,开采技术条件复杂,采矿难度很大。因此试验研究一种技术上可行,经济上合理和安全可靠的采矿方法对矿山的可持续开发具有重要意义。
论文旨在解决上宫金矿破碎蚀变岩型矿体的采矿方法,在试验研究时根据上宫金矿矿体的开采技术条件,重点依照矿体上盘围岩稳固性极差的特点,决定采用“干式充填采矿法”作为本次试验研究方法。
论文系统地阐述了上宫金矿采用干式充填采矿方法进行采矿试验研究的全过程,对试验采场的地应力,采场稳定性、切割拉底方式,爆破与护顶措施、回采工艺等都进行了较深入的研究。在试验研究中,以板裂结构的力学模型为基础,建立了当量暴露面积理论。用当量暴露面积法对采场每分层的稳定性均进行了详细的分析评价。在此基础上对干式充填采矿方法在蚀变岩型破碎体中应用的适用性进行了系统地试验研究,实验证明,当量暴露面积法不仅理论严谨,而且在采场稳定性评价中有较强的实用性,值得推广应用。论文同时对采场的控制爆破,采场的上盘围岩的维护、支护等问题也进行了较为深入的研究。试验结果表明,在干式充填法试验研究中所采用的采场结构,回采工艺、充填方式,落矿方式和各项技术参数是合理和有效的,在上宫金矿蚀变岩型破碎矿体中推广应用干式充填采矿法是适宜的。
Shanggong gold mine is in the Luoning county, Henan Province, It is a important mine in Henan. The ore body of the Shanggong gold mine is a erode deposit which is in the cincture of structure fragmentation. Being very complex mining technology condition, It is very difficult to mine. How to economic and safety mine the ore resource, it is a very important problem for the Shanggong gold mine, So It has a huge practice value to choice a right mining method and mine the gold ore.The mining method of dry backfilling can be used for limiting caving, subsidence and for supporting pillars and walls, Its use prevents falls and associated air blasts and facilitates recovery of ore. We decide to choice this method to mine the ore body of Shanggong gold mine.This paper expatiates the whole process of dry backfilling in Shanggong gold mine on the stope stress, stope stability, incising fashion, blasting and the measure to protect roof of stope, stoping technology etc. The theory of equating area exposed was being bring forward based on the mechanics model of batten cracking structure, the stability of each stope bed is being evaluated with this theory. The result of experiment indicates that this theory is correct and can be extend applied.This paper study on the control blasting of stope, the protecting of stope roof and the shoring etc., The result of experiment indicates that many indexes are logical and efficacious such as the stope structure, stoping technology, filling mode and the method of falling ore.In addition, The applications prove that the dry backfilling method is reasonable and reliable, it can be used in other mines as well.
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