青娥方促进成骨细胞骨形成活性成分的相关研究
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摘要
成骨细胞是骨形成的主要功能细胞,因此刺激成骨细胞骨形成的药物将具有独特的抗骨质疏松的活性。为了开发新型有效的防治骨质疏松的药物,促进防治骨质疏松症复方中药的现代化,本研究以中医“肾主骨”理论为指导,选用了《太平惠民和剂局方》中收载的补肾壮骨经典方——青娥方作为研究对象,采用与国际标准成骨样细胞系UMR106体外共培养的方法,以促进成骨样细胞增殖和分化的作用为活性检测指标,从多个侧面考察了青娥方促成骨样细胞的活性作用:在不同浓度的乙醇提取液中,青娥方75%乙醇提取液显示出最强的促细胞增殖和分化的活性;利用系统溶剂萃取法,确立了青娥方乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯层和水层为主要活性部位;利用撤药分析法对青娥方进行了拆方研究,考察了11个子方对成骨样细胞增殖和分化的作用,本研究首次从细胞水平验证了青娥方组方中四种单味药之间君臣佐使的配伍作用,证明了青娥方组方的科学性。
     采用多种色谱分离技术,以活性测试为导向,对青娥方乙酸乙酯层、杜仲乙酸乙酯层和水层的活性部位分别进行了活性成分的追踪分离,逐步分离纯化得到了7种化合物,并运用波谱学技术并结合理化数据鉴定其中6种化合物的化学结构,它们是具有促进细胞增殖和分化作用的松脂醇二葡萄糖苷(pinoresinol diglucopyranoside)、补骨脂素(psoralen)和异补骨脂素(isopsoralen),对细胞增殖有显著促进作用的白桦脂酸(betulic acid)和胡萝卜苷(daucosterol),对细胞增殖有一定作用的β-谷甾醇(β-sitostero1)。上述结果表明,松脂醇二葡萄糖苷、补骨脂素和异补骨脂素是青娥方促成骨样细胞增殖和分化的主要活性成分。
     对青娥方进行了提取工艺与质量控制方法的研究。采用正交试验设计法,以松脂醇二葡萄糖苷、补骨脂素和异补骨脂素含量以及浸膏重为评价指标,对提取溶剂用量、提取溶剂浓度和提取时间三个因素进行优化,确定青娥方的醇
    
    沈阳药科大学博士学位论文
    扮歹
    提工艺最优水平为:用10倍量的75%乙醇为提取溶剂,提取3次,每次2小时;
    采用薄层色谱法对青娥方中杜仲和补骨脂两味药材进行了定性鉴别,斑点清晰,
    重现性好;采用高效液相色谱法对10批青娥方提取液中松脂醇二葡萄糖昔、补
    骨脂素和异补骨脂素进行定量测定:松脂醇二葡萄糖昔的平均含量为0.520
    mg·g一,,RsD为3 .2%;补骨脂素的平均含量为1 .1 43 mg·g一,,RsD为2.20,0;
    异补骨脂素的平均含量为1.o07mg.g一’,RsD为2.3%。本研究为青娥方质量控
    制方法提供了定性、定t分析依据。
     选用双侧去卵巢所致的雌性大鼠骨质疏松模型,骨疏康颗粒为阳性药,考
    察了青娥方醇提物对骨质疏松模型大鼠的作用。给予青娥方醇提物后,给药组
    与模型组的大鼠相比,给药高剂量组大鼠的骨密度和骨强度明显增加,血清ALP
    活性明显降低,血清骨钙素、雌二醇水平有显著性的提高(P<0.05),提示青娥
    方具有一定的雌激素样作用,可有效抑制过高的骨转换率,促进骨形成而发挥
    抗骨质疏松作用。
     采用细胞血清药理学方法,首次利用青娥方含药血清进行体外促成骨样细
    胞UMR106增殖和分化作用的试验。本试验在排除空白血清对成骨样细胞增殖
    和分化活性的干扰后,建立了青娥方含药血清对成骨样细胞的生长曲线,证实
    了青娥方含药血清对成骨样细胞的增殖和分化活性同样具有显著的促进作用。
    同时结合青娥方在大鼠体内的抗骨质疏松药效学实验,进一步证实了青娥方具
    有促进骨形成的抗骨质疏松作用。
     本研究在中医药学理论和实践的指导下,将天然药物化学、细胞分子生物
    学、分析化学和药理学等多学科技术相结合,从多侧面研究了青娥方对成骨细
    胞的作用,初步探讨了复方中药青娥方的配伍作用、药效物质基础和质量控制
    指标,优化了其提取工艺,建立了其质量控制方法,并对其进行了药效学和细
    胞血清药理学研究。为研制能促进骨形成,从根本上治疗骨质疏松症的中药新
    药奠定基础,同时也为防治骨质疏松症复方中药的现代化作了有意义的探索。
Osteoblasts are important cells in bone formation and, therefore, agents stimulating osteoblastic bone formation would have potential activity of anti-osteoporosis. In order to exploit novel and effective medicines preventing and treating osteoporosis and to promote the modernization of anti-osteoporostic Chinese Traditional Compound Medicines (CTCM), osteoblast-like UMR106 cells were employed as an in vitro model for investigating anti-osteoporostic medicines. The cell proliferation and differentiation were measured as active indices of stimulating osteoblastic bone formation. Qing'e prescription, which was one of "kidney-tonifying" CTCM on the basis of the theory of traditional Chinese medicines recorded in < TAIPING HUIMIN HEJI JUFANG>, was selected and examined extensively for the activity of stimulating osteoblastic bone formation in vitro in this study. The ethanol (75%) extract of Qing 'e prescription exhibited the maximal activity promoting osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation. The fraction
    s of various polarity fractionated from the ethanol extract were further examined. The ethyl acetate fraction and aqueous fraction were found to be primarily active.
    The subtractive drug analysis method was used in the study of the disassemble formulae of Qing'e prescription. The effects of 11 subsidiary formulae from Qing'e prescription on osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation were examined. The results testified the compatibility of the four botanical drugs in Qing 'e prescription in cellular level for the first time and proved the rationality of prescription in a modern
    
    
    scientific way.
    In order to isolate the active constituents in ethyl acetate fraction of Qing'e prescription, ethyl acetate fraction and aqueous fractions of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., activity-guided isolation was performed along with chromatographic techniques. Seven compounds were isolated and six compounds were identified with IR, NMR and MS data and physical-chemical properties. They were pinoresinol diglucopyranoside, psoralen and isopsoralen, which showed stimulating effects on osteoblastic proliferation and diffentiation, betulic acid and daucosterol exhibited activity of promoting cell proliferation significantly, and p-sitosterol. These results showed that pinoresinol diglucopyranoside, psoralen and isopsoralen were the mainly active constituents promoting osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation in Qing 'e prescription.
    The optimal extraction process of Qing'e prescription was studied by orthogonal design with extractive yield and the content of pinoresinol diglucopyranoside, psoralen and isopsoralen as the indices. Factors including the solvent ammount, concentration of ethanol and time of extraction were investigated in this experiment. The optimal condition was 75% ethanol, ten times of the amount of raw material, and three times for 2 hours each time.
    Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. and Psoralea corylifolia L. in Qing'e prescription were identified by TLC. Pinoresinol diglucopyranoside, psoralen and isopsoralen in Qing'e prescription were determined by RP-HPLC. The average content of pinoresinol diglucopyranoside, psoralen and isopsoralen in Qing'e prescription of 10 batches was 0.520 mgg-1'(RSD=3.2 %), 1.143 mgg-1(RSD=2.2 %) and 1.007 mgg-1(RSD=2.3%) respectively. The above methods were simple, rapid and accurate, and provided a qualitative and quantitative basis for the quality assessment of Qing 'e prescription.
    The ethanol extract of Qing'e prescription on ovariectimized rats, as a pharmacological model of osteoporosis, was studied and Gushukang granule served as a positive control. Compared with the OVX group, high dosage group (OVX+QEH
    
    group) increased bone mineral density and bone strength of rats, decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and improved serum osteocalcin (BGP) and estradiol (E2) level markedly (P<0.05). These results indicated that Qing'e prescription might have some estrogen-like activity, inhibiting high bone turn-over effectively and have potential activity of anti-osteop
引文
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