摘要
现代信息技术的迅猛发展使得射频识别系统需要处理的信息量急剧增加,研制一种新型的能够自动接收和管理数据的读卡器是极为必要的。然而,在绝大多数的射频识别应用领域,采用C51系列单片机作为主控芯片。C51系列主控芯片有着设计简单、实用、成本低等特点,但是在半导体产业飞速发展的今天,ARM、MIPS、PowerPC系列芯片为RFID提供了一个新的选择。
本文介绍了RDID系统的组成以及工作原理,并给出了一些相关的RFID通信协议。硬件方面,选择了Philips公司的ZLG500射频读写模块,设计了基于L2C2131处理器的RFID系统,包括读卡、天线、以太网接口、MCU硬件设计等。软件方面,利用C与汇编语言的混合编程实现Bootloader,将μC/OS-Ⅱ嵌入式操作系统移入到处理器中,在ADS1.2下进行读卡器的软件设计,完成整个射频识别的读写功能。
针对RFID的多卡识别问题,对反碰撞算法进行了研究,对ALOHA算法提出了一种改进的ALOHA反碰撞算法模型,并对其进行了仿真,仿真结果表明该算法在识别的效率和时间上有明显的提高。为实现应用软件与硬件系统之间的通信,利用Visual C++6.0开发了RFID系统的串口中间件。为实现读卡器的局域网通信,利用RTL8019芯片组建LPC2131的以太网通信接口。
The rapid development of modern information technology makes the information that Radio Frequency Identifaction(RFID)that should process increase quickly.It is necessory to design a new RFID reader which can automatically receive and manag the information.At present, in the most field of RFID application,C51 series microprocessor is the main processor.The processors of C51 have characters of simple design、practicality and low price.As the rapid development of semiconductor, ARM、MIPS、PowerPC processors provide a new choice for RFID.
This paper introduced the principle and structure of RFID system. Some interrelated communication protocol of RFID and the development of embedded system were expatiated.In the hardware aspect,the embedded RFID system based on LPC2131 processor and ZLG500 module was designed,which included antenna,reader,ethernet interface, MCU etc.In the software aspect,C and compile language were used to realize bootloader,μC/OS-Ⅱoperating system was transplanted into LPC2131 processor.The software of embedded RFID system was debugged under ADS1.2,the reader function of reading and writing was accomplished.
The multi cards identifation and anti-collision algorithm were studied.An improved anti-collision algorithm model for AHOHA algorithm was prenented,the simulation research was done in matlab 6.5. The simulation results showed that the new algorithm was better on efficiency and time.To realize the communication between application software and hardware system,a serial port middleware of embedded RFID system was made by Visual c~(++)6.0.Ethernet interface of LPC2131 processor was designed by RTL80189AS to realize LAN communication of reader.
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