摘要
一些特殊的心血管或心脏病患者,在正常工作生活时发病,而到医院检查时症状消失,导致在医院无法检测到异常心电图,无法对病情做出诊断,耽误了治疗的最佳时机。如果长时间在医院等待症状出现,不仅耽误时间还会增加病人家属及社会的负担,所以心电信号采集有重要意义。传统的心电监护器都是通过无线网络实现医生对心血管疾病患者的全程监护,其制造与维护成本高,普通人没有能力负担,所以不能够广泛普及。本研究提供的便携式心电信号采集仪通过U盘24小时记录患者的心电信号,医生可以通过读U盘中的数据了解患者发病时的心电信号,为病情的准确诊断提供了依据。
根据系统的功能要求,本文首先介绍了心电基本原理,提出了心电信号采集仪的整体设计方案及系统的设计原则等。其次,详细介绍了心电信号采集仪的硬件和软件设计。硬件电路主要包括模拟电路部分和数字电路部分。模拟电路部分主要完成心电信号的采集、放大和滤波等。数字电路包括对模拟部分输出的心电信号的A/D转换,对心电信号的处理、存储,对其它各部分的控制,实现与上位机的USB通信,将采集的心电信号上传到PC机的电路等。软件主要实现启动A/D转换对心电信号进行采集,存储和传输等。最后,介绍了心电数据软件处理过程。
本文研究的便携式心电信号采集仪既可用于医院病情诊断,也可用于家庭采集。相对于现有的许多无线监控系统其制造成本低,便于推广,具有重要的社会价值和经济价值。
Some specific patients who have cardiovascular or heart disease are illness in the normal working life, but the symptoms are disappear when they are in the hospital for an examination, It leads to the doctor to be unable to detect the abnormal electrocardiogram, so the doctor can not diagnose the disease, the best time for treatment is delayed. If waiting for symptoms in the hospital for a long time, it does not only delay the patients' time , but also increase the burden on the patient's family and the community, so ECG signal acquisition is important. Conventional ECG monitoring devices realizes the entire guardianship through wireless networks in patients with cardiovascular disease. But their manufacture and maintenance costs are high, ordinary people can not afford, and it can not be widely used. In this paper, a portable ECG signal acquisition instrument is designed, and it gathers a 24-hour ECG signal recording of the patients through the U disk. As result, the doctor can read U disk data to understand the ECG signal of the patient and can makes a correct diagnosis.
Firstly, according to the system functional requirements, the basic principle of ECG is introduced and the design principles of the system and overall structure are proposed in this paper. Secondly, the hardware and software design of ECG signal acquisition instrument is introduced in detail. Hardware circuits include analog circuits and digital circuits. Analog circuits are to complete ECG signal acquisition, amplification and filter etc. Digital circuits is to complete the A / D conversion of the ECG signal processing, storage and the control to the other parts, and achieves USB communications with the host computer, and uploads the collected to the computer. Software is to complete starting A / D conversion, storage and transmission etc. Finally, the software process of the ECG data is introduced.
The ECG signal acquisition instrument is used for the hospital diagnosis of disease, and is also used for home acquisition. As opposed to the existing wireless monitoring systems, it is low cost, easily popularized, and has important social value and economic value.
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