摘要
随着市场需求的分化和买方市场的形成,市场竞争中消费者需求呈现多样化、差异化和个性化。部分领域的客户已经开始要求能够完全定制产品。企业制造模式已经逐步从大规模定制演化成个性化定制。然而个性化定制在成本和速度上给企业带来了极大的挑战。如何利用快速响应设计来解决个性化产品定制问题,降低产品成本,提高企业响应速度成为众多学者关注的问题。
论文首先通过分析制造模式的演化过程,指出个性化定制是社会发展的必然趋势,并分析比较了个性化定制的特征。通过对快速响应设计技术的分析和总结的基础上,指出了个性化定制的有效策略在于提高设计阶段的速度和质量,并认为快速响应设计技术是解决个性化定制问题的有效方法。
随后,论文在总结产品设计流程和设计对象特点的基础上提出了以客户需求为中心的设计流程和参数化的模块设计方法。以此为基础,文中提出了个性化产品快速响应设计的系统框架、研究内容和实施策略,并介绍了相关的关键技术和软件平台。文中还进一步提出了快速响应设计的敏捷性评价体系,为快速响应设计技术的性能评价提供依据。
论文在总结分析了产品信息模型的发展和不足的基础上,提出了能适应性表达产品不同阶段信息的产品动态信息模型。结合快速响应设计的特点,文中提出了面向快速响应设计的个性化产品动态信息模型,利用XML Schema语言建立了模型,并应用于机械压力机。
接着,论文在总结多种产品设计方法的基础上,提出了通过功能——行为的转换、行为——结构的映射来实现市场需求到产品方案的配置,结合自顶向下和自底向上两种设计方法来实现双向的参数传递,混合CBR、RBR等几种知识推理方法来综合利用已有设计知识经验的基于双向混合驱动的个性化产品快速响应设计方法,分析介绍了其实施的策略,并以机械压力机的设计说明产品的设计过程。
然后,论文结合个性化产品的设计流程,提出了一种个性化产品多学科设计优化的平台结构,通过建立各学科子模型和系统模型,对设计方案进行分学科的优化和系统优化。该平台结构应用于机械压力机的优化过程。
最后,论文提出一种面向快速响应设计的产品可制造性评估体系,以设计数据库为信息中心,对产品的可制造性进行分析评估并改进设计,并应用于机械压力机底座的评估过程。
Along with the division of market demand and the buyer's market coming into being, the consumers' demands such as multiplicity, diversity and individuation are getting considerably important. Some consumers started to customize the product. The manufacturing model has gradually transformed from large-scale producing to customized product. High cost and long time period, as a result, are both challenges for the company. Therefore, how to improve the customized producing through distinctive rapid response design while reduce cost and response time has become a key emphasis.
Firstly in the present article, the author analyzes the evolving process of manufacturing model and compares its different characteristics, to prove that customization is the trend of the society. Based on the analysis and summarization of rapid response techniques, the author indicates that the key point of customization lies in the strategy to enhance the speed and quality at the design stage, and demonstrates that rapid response technique is an effective way to solve the customization problem.
Secondly, based on the parameterized-model design method and the design cycle which takes client's demand as the central unit, the author comes up with a systematic framework, research content and implementing strategy of the customized rapid design as well as related key techniques and software platform. The author also introduces an evaluating system on agility of manufacturing which offers a reference performance for the rapid design capability evaluation.
In order to improve the weaknesses of the product information model, the author indicates the dynamic information model and incorporates the model by the product information at different stages. Combined with the characteristics of rapid designing, the author establishes the customized product dynamic information model with the application of XML Schema. A capability demonstration is performed in the manufacturing of a mechanical presser.
Following the summarization of a variety of designing methods, the author introduces the customized rapid design model which meets customer's demands through the function-action conversion and the action-structure mapping. Both top-down and bottom-up design methods are combined to carry out the bidirectional parameters transformation, and apply several reasoning methods such as CBR, RBR to the process of rapid response design. The implementing strategy and the design process are also applied to the mechanical presser.
Merged with the design cycle of customized product, the author proposed a multidisciplinary design optimization platform, which systematically and sub -disciplinarily optimizes the design scheme through the establishment of multidisciplinary and systematic models.
At last, the author sets up a product manufacturability evaluation system, of which design database is the informative center, and evaluates the manufacturability of the products to improve the design. The author exemplifies the evaluating process with mechanical presser.
As a part, this task is sponsored by the Chinese National Programs for High Technology Research and Development (No.2007AA04ZlA2).
引文
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