摘要
本文设计了一套实验鼠跑步机的调速系统,该系统主要实现了对电机的无级调速,并可以通过上位机控制软件使跑步机按指定的速度曲线运行。本系统采用USB2.0高速串行传输协议实现上下位机的通信,并引入了虚拟仪器技术进行上位机软件的设计。在论文中详细描述了电机控制模块,USB通信模块和labview上位机软件模块的设计过程,各部分参考电路,以及相关的应用程序的设计和调试,并对各个模块和整个系统进行了分级调试。
本文主要着力于解决以下几个问题。
1、完成步进电机的无级调速控制,给出相应的软件编程与硬件电路的设计。在结合现在运动控制系统的基础上,采用AVR单片机对步进电机进行调速控制,完成控制软件,控制电路,驱动电路的设计。
2、设计模块化的USB通信子系统。利用模块化的思想设计USB通信系统,连接上位机程序和下位机电机控制芯片。采用cy7c68013芯片进行USB通信,并结合USB通信协议和USB控制芯片对该模块进行功能定义,给出USB控制芯片与电机控制芯片之间的详细连接电路,以及详细的USB固件程序。
3、采用简洁流畅的图形化程序设计软件labview设计上位机软件,其主要功能是发送电机控制数据给USB端,接收并显示采集到的数据。其中难点是USB芯片与labview连接的驱动程序,本文中采用动态链接库把两者连接起来,使数据能正常的上传下行。
从应用的角度来看,这种以虚拟仪器面板代替传统仪器控制面板的思想在以后的测控系统中会越来越多的应用,其主要优势在于能依靠PC机强大的数据处理功能,并能通过改变虚拟仪器面板的功能而随之改变仪器的功能。
This article is the design of the speed adjustment system of the experiment mice treadmill.The main function of this system is to regulat the speed of the motor,and ensure the treadmill can be controlled by the designed running speed curve through the PC software.The high speed USB2.0 communication module is used to accomplish the communication between the up and down system.The pc software is designed by the virture instrument idea.This paper contains the details of the mechanical system,motor control system,USB communication module and the labview PC software,include the circuit,mechanical design and some program.
This paper is focusing on the three parts below.
Firstly,to accomplish the non-classic speed modularation of the step motor.And design the software and hardware of the speed modularation system.On the basic of the speed control system we already known,design the speed control system by the AVR.chip,to fulfill the control part,driver part and the control software.
Secondly,design the USB communicat sub-system.Use the Modular design idea to design the USB communication system to connect the motor control system and the PC software.Choose the Cy7c68013 chips to fulfill the USB communication module, combined the USB communication protocol with the USB controller chips on the module functions definition,design the USB firmware and the detail circuit between USB control chip and motor control chip.
Thirdly,use the simp figure design software design the PC software.Its main function is to send data to the motor control USB terminal,to receive and display the data has been collected.Drivers between the USB chip and labview is difficult,the dynamic link library is used to link the two,so that data can be fluently between the up and down system.
From the application point of view,it will be more and more applications that virtual instrument panel replaced the traditional instruments in measurement and control system,its main advantage relying on the powerful data-processing functions of the PC,and the function of machine changed when the virtual instrument panel changed.
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