摘要
磁流变弹性体是磁流变材料的一个新分支,它兼有磁流变液、磁性橡胶和弹性体的优点,又克服了磁流变液易沉降、稳定性差、颗粒易磨损等缺点,已成为磁流变材料研究的一个热点。但是,目前磁流变弹性体的抗氧化性差,磁流变效应低,离实际应用还有较大的距离。本文的目的是探索一种新的改善磁流变弹性体抗氧化性,提高磁流变效应的方法,制备高稳定性、高抗氧化性、高磁流变效应的磁流变弹性体。具体思路是设计合成一种新型的螯合型表面改性剂—N-聚醚基乙二胺三乙酸(PED3A),它既有络合基团,又有与聚氨酯相亲的聚醚基团,用其对羰基铁粉表面进行改性,制备复合磁性粒子和聚氨酯磁流变弹性体。
通过分析螯合型表面改性剂和复合磁性粒子的FT-IR、SEM、XRD、VSM、TG-DSC、凝胶色谱和表面接触角,对产物进行了表征,结果表明:成功制备出了螯合性表面改性剂PED3A;PED3A能够均匀地包覆在羰基铁粉表面,形成了有机/无机复合磁性粒子,制备的复合磁性粒子具有优良的软磁性能、抗氧化性能,以及与聚醚的良好相容性。
通过加速老化试验、高倍光学显微分析、动态力学性能分析表征了磁流变弹性体的抗氧化性和磁流变性能。结果表明:制得的聚氨酯基磁流变弹性体的抗氧化性能得到改善,磁流变效应得到提高。
本文的研究结果表明,用螯合性表面改性剂改性磁性粒子表面,制备复合磁性粒子,可以提高磁性粒子与磁流变弹性体的相容性,以此制备的磁流变弹性体的抗氧化性和磁流变效应都得到提高。
Magnetorheological elastomer is an important branch in magnetorheological materials.It holds both characteristics of magnetorheological materials and the excellence of elastomer.Meanwhile,it gets over the problems of sedimentation and stability in magnetorheological fluids.In recent years,magnetorheological elastomer has become a research forcus in magnetorheological materials.However,actual magnetorheological elastomer has low magnetorheological effect and has a long way to application.In this study,a new method was designed for preparing magnetorheological elastomer with better stability,anti-oxidization and magnetorheological effect.First,N-polyether ethanediamine triacetic acid(PED3A), which has a polyether group and a chelating group,was synthesized,and used to modify the surface characteristics of carbonyl iron(CI) particles and prepare composite magnetic particles.Then magnetorheological elastomer based polyurethane was prepared by the composite particles.
The structure and properties of PED3A and composite particles are characterized by FT-IR,SEM,XRD,VSM,TG-DSC,GPC and contact angle testing.The results show that PED3A had been successfully synthesized;and composite particles were prepared with PED3A as the shell,CI particles as the core,possessing excellent soft magnetic properties,better anti-oxidization and good compatible with polyether.
The anti-oxidization and magnetorheological effect of the magnetorheological elastomer were characterized by accelerate aging test,optics microscope analyses and dynamic performance testing.The results show that the magnetorheological elastomer based polyurethane has better anti-oxidization and high magnetorheological effect.
The experimental investigation results in this stuty indicate that the composite particles,made by hydrophilic chelating surfacant modifying the surface of CI particles,have better compatible with polyether.The anti-oxidization and magnetorheological effect of the magnetorheological elastomer prepared by the composite particles has distinct advance.
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