摘要
随着社会经济的迅速发展,经典的区域系统研究理论在日益复杂的人口、资源、环境和发展问题面前却显得越来越不适应。因此,用新理论、新方法和新技术改造传统的研究领域,已经成为众多学者关心的问题。由于区域系统是一个由物质的和非物质的,经济的、社会的、资源环境等要素共同构成的复杂系统,其获得空间、时间和功能的有序结构过程具有自组织特征,因此,单从某一个学科领域来分析区域系统的演化发展的内在机制及其过程具有片面性和局限性。本论文基于复杂性科学的思想,以自组织理论为基础,对区域系统的演化发展的机制和过程进行了深入的研究。
首先,对复杂系统的自组织特性进行阐述。在明晰复杂系统、自组织和他组织的内涵的前提下,提出复杂巨系统具有自组织和他组织的复合特性;在分析了复杂系统的自组织特性的基础上,将复杂系统的自组织演化发展过程划分为不同阶段,并从复杂系统要素之间的相互作用关系分析了其演化发展的非线性、复杂性及随机性。
其次,对区域系统的自组织特性从理论上进行基础性分析,提出要从整体性、综合性角度建立自组织的区域系统发展观,对区域系统的耗散结构进行界定,对区域系统静态的自组织特性,即区域系统的耗散结构特性进行分析;对区域系统动态演化的内涵进行界定,并对其演化发展过程中所表现出来的自组织特性及自组织和他组织相复合的表现形式进行阐述。
第三,从自组织理论对区域系统演化发展的内在动力机制进行详细的阐述,通过对区域系统“熵”变化分析提出“耗散结构”是区域系统演化发展的自组织条件。区域系统内部要素的竞争、协同与涨落是区域系统演化发展的自组织动力的源泉。区域系统内部的涨落必然会带动系统内部更大范围的要素之间的循环效应,从超循环的角度,这是区域系统自组织演化发展的内在实现途径;通过不断扩大的超循环链条,区域系统的内部涨落现象带来的局部渐变得到积累,最终导致区域系统的整体突变的实现,从渐变到突变过程体现了区域系统自组织演化发展的外在实现途径。正是由于内在动力机制的作用,并通过内在的和外在的演化发展途径,区域系统的整体演化发展过程表现为从混沌到有序、再到协调的演替。混沌、分形与有序的相统一,体现了区域系统的自组织演化发展图景的特性。
第四,将系统动力学理论与方法应用于区域系统研究,建立了变结构的区域系统动力学模型,并对区域系统演化发展的自组织动力进行了系统动力学仿真,分析了区域系统演化发展的动力。在此基础上,对区域系统的SD模型进行了检验,使理论研究与实际应用结合起来。
第五,建立了系统协调度、综合发展水平的计算方法,借鉴灰色关联度的基本原理,建立了区域系统协调发展测度模型,通过这些模型有效地衡量了区域系统内各子系统之间的协调关系。运用上述的研究成果,在分析哈尔滨市区域经济、社会及环境协调发展的基础上,建立哈尔滨市经济、社会及环境协调发展的评价指标体系,然后对哈尔滨市的区域系统发展状况进行仿真、评价和预测,并提出了有针对性的政策建议。
最后,论文从生态安全、环境保护、资源利用及经济社会发展等层面,从各方面协同和发展的角度,系统地提出了区域系统演化发展的适应性对策。
The classical study of the regional system is extensive and profound, and its history is long. But with the rapid development of society and economy, it seem to appear more and more inadaptable in front of the gradual complicated problem of population, resource, environment and development. So, new theory, new method and new technology have already been used to reform traditional research fields, which have been the problem that numerous scholars cared about. Because the regional system is the complicated system which made up of the material and the non-material, the economy, the society, resource environment, the course of which regional system obtains the order structure from room, time and function is with the characteristic of self-organization, So, that only a certain domain come to study the inherent mechanism of regional system evolution development has one-sidedness and limitation. Based on the thought of characteristics of the complicated system, the paper regards the self-organization theory as the foundation and studies deeply the mechanism and course of evolution development of the regional system
Firstly, the self-organization characteristics of the complicated system are explained, under the prerequisite of defining the complicated system, the intension of the self-organization and the organized, the compound characters of the complicated huge system are put forward. On the basis of analyzing the self-organization characteristics of complicated system, the developing process of self-organization evolution of complex system is divided into different stage, and the nonlinearity, complexity and randomness of evolution development of it have been analyzed from the interaction relation among the key elements of the complicated system.
Secondly, the self-organization characteristics of regional system are carry on basic analysis theoretically, the paper has proposed to set up the self-organizing developing view of the regional system from the aspect of entirety, comprehensiveness, the dissipation structure of the regional system is defined; The static self-organizing characteristic of the regional system, i.e. the characteristic of the dissipative structure of regional system is analyzed; The intension of dynamic evolution of the regional system is defined. At the same time, the characteristics of the self-organization and the organized and compound characteristics the regional system shows during the course of its evolution are explained.
Thirdly, starting from the self-organization theory to be carried on exposing the inherent power mechanism of evolution and development of regional system, through analyzing to the "entropy" change of the regional system, the paper proposes the dissipative structure is the self-organizing terms of the regional system evolution. The effect that different subsystems and key elements are competed for and cooperative is the basic motive of the regional system, under the mechanism of competition and coordination, the system will certainly appears random fluctuation phenomena, Competition, coordination and fluctuation are the powers of self-organization evolution development of regional system; Circular effects among the key elements in larger range result from the internal fluctuations of the regional system, Analyze the inherent realization route of evolution development of the regional system in term of. hyper cycle Through hyper cycle chain that is expanded constantly, internal fluctuation phenomena of regional system bring to the accumulation of gradual change, the whole sudden change phenomena of the regional system cause to appear finally, the course from gradation to sudden change has reflected the realization route of self-organization evolution development of the regional system. Just because of inherent motive mechanism's function, thought the inherent and external evolution development route, the global development course of the regional system appears from chaos to order, the chaos, fractal and order are unified in evolution course, which reflects to the view characteristics of regional system evolution.
Fourthly, the theory and method of the system dynamics are applied to the study of the regional system, the systematic dynamics model of the changing structure have been set up, which helps to analyze the motive force of evolution development. of the regional system. On this basis, the paper has examined SD model of the regional system, which has made theoretical research and practical application combine together.
Fifthly, Establishes the computational method of system coordinative degree, comprehensive development level, using gray connection basic principle for reference, establishes the measurement model of region system development, unifies the qualitative analysis method and the qualitative analysis method, determines the regional coordination evaluation criteria, measures the coordination relations among the regional various subsystems by using these models effectively. Utilizes the above research results, by analyzing Harbin region economy & society coordination development, establishes the indexes of Harbin economy & society coordination development, and then imitates, evaluates and forecasts the developing condition of the regional system in Harbin city, then the paper has put forward the policies and proposals.
Finally, the paper has systematically put forward the adaptable countermeasure system of evolution development of the regional system from several respects such as ecological security, environmental protection, resource utilization and socio-economic development, and the paper has further put forward the countermeasures of evolution development of the regional system in terms of coordination and development of the different aspects. So that it can offer the policy and consultants for further developing the regional economy in our country.
引文
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