摘要
随着我国交通建设的快速发展,公路隧道数量不断增加,隧道施工遇到的不良地质问题越来越多。监控量测作为保障安全,优化设计、指导施工的重要手段,其技术进步对不良地质隧道施工具有重要意义。本文在总结前人对公路隧道监测技术及理论研究的基础上,结合斑竹林公路隧道监控量测项目,对公路隧道施工监测的设计、监测内容、实施方法、监测数据的处理以及信息反馈系统进行了较为系统地阐述和研究,取得了以下研究成果:
(1)提出了“难点重点突出、普测精测结合、必测选测搭配”的监测方案制定原则,对软弱破碎围岩段采用实时监测的实施方案,对III级以下围岩一般只量测隧道周边位移,更好的围岩则仅观察开挖面的地质状况和支护的工作状态。
(2)以渝湘高速公路斑竹林隧道为依托,对Ⅳ、Ⅴ级围岩典型断面围岩变形特性与支护衬砌结构受力监测结果进行分析总结,得到围岩变形的时空效应、围岩压力和钢支撑轴力的情况。
(3)本文对隧道拱顶下沉和隧道周边位移收敛进行了监控量测,以此来反馈隧道开挖和支护施工过程是否合理。
(4)对施工过程典型开挖步骤的变化情况进行了数值模拟,研究了初期支护的内力、洞周围变形及开挖进尺和拱顶下沉关系。从数值分析的结果看,隧道施工选用的开挖支护方式是合理的。
通过现场的施工监测及信息反馈,对隧道的安全施工提供了重要的技术支持和理论保证,同时为隧道设计参数的优化和设计变更提供了可靠的技术依据。
With the rapid development of national traffic construction and increasing number of highway tunnels, more and more geologic problems have been met with in tunnel construction. As an important method of safety insuring , design optimizing, construction instructing, progress of monitoring and measuring technique is a matter of great significance for tunnel construction in bad geologic area. On the basis of former research of highway tunnel monitoring technique and theory, this thesis gives a systematic description of construction monitoring design, monitoring content, actualizing method data process and information feedback combining with Chongqing Province Banzhulin free-way tunnel monitoring and measuring project. Main conclusions are as follows:
1. Monitoring project principle has been established, combining with difficulty and importance,ordinarily and accurate, selective and compelled of monitoring and measuring. Different monitoring projects have been put forward according to different construction environment.
2.according to Banzhulin tunnel on Yu-Xiang Expressway in Chongqing city, this paper summarizesⅣ&Ⅴlevel typical section surrounding rock’s deformation property & the stress condition of support lining, Obtains time effect and spatial effects of surrounding rock’s deformation & the pressure of surrounding rock, the axial force of steel support.
3. The excavating and supporting plan is whether reasonable or not is feed backed by settlement of arch crown and convergence measure.
4.According to the numerical simulation of characters of repress-entative excavating and supporting, internal force of preliminary support , deformation of cavern, progressing of excavating settlement of arch crown is studied. The excavating and supporting plan is reasonable from the result of the data processing.
According to using of the monitoring and measuring technique & information feedback, the safety of the tunneling construction can be insured by tech support and academic certify. Also,credible technical bases can be given for the optimizing and designing of the tunnel parameter which has designed.
引文
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