摘要
地震是造成地下管道破坏的重要因素,分析埋地管道的地震响应,提前科学地预测埋地管道的震害,采取有效措施,保证管道的安全运行,能够减少地震灾害所造成的损失,因此埋地管道在地震波作用下的响应分析具有重要的意义。
本文在综合分析国内外相关研究的基础上,以理论探讨和工程实用性并重,研究分析埋地管道在地震行波作用下的响应分析,详细地介绍了目前主要的理论计算方法与震害预测方法,并利用有限元法进行了埋地管道的动力时程分析。主要进行了以下工作:
1.介绍国内外埋地管道震害实例以及研究现状和相关领域的发展,提出本文的主要研究内容。
2.归纳总结了地下管道的主要破坏形式、震害特征以及主要的震害影响因素。
3.研究分析埋地管线在地震波作用下的地震响应,介绍目前广泛应用的理论分析计算方法,给出运动方程及其计算公式,并进行实例计算,分析与比较各种理论计算方法的优缺点及适用范围和条件,结果表明基于地震波入射角的简化计算法是一种简单可靠、适用广泛的方法。
4.利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立埋地管线的有限元模型,对埋地管线在地震行波作用下的反应进行时程分析,研究分析不同地震波、场地条件、管径、管壁厚度等因素对管道轴向应力的影响。用有限元法进行了实例计算分析,并与理论计算方法相比较,总结分析得出各种方法的优缺点。
5.介绍埋地管道震害预测理论法和经验法,以武汉市某一城区部分供水管线为例,应用理论法和经验法进行了震害评价,分析比较了各种方法的适用条件和优缺点。
最后,总结本文的分析和研究,并展望今后该领域研究的方向和问题。
The earthquake is an important factor of the pipeline damage. In order to reduce or avoid the losses caused by earthquake,there are need to analyze the function of the earthquake in the underground piping system, ensure safety in conduit system operating, predict the seismic hazards scientifically in advance, adopt the effective anti-seismic measures in time. Therefore, the anti-seismic performance analysis of underground pipelines is of practical significance.
Seismic performance evaluation of the underground pipelines is introduced. Some main methods of seismic response analysis of the underground pipelines and some predictive methods estimating damage level are presented and analyzed in this paper. The dynamic time history analysis is made by finite element analysis. The main contents include:
1. The earthquake damages of the underground pipelines are introduced. The present research situation and the tendency of developments in relevant fields are summarized. The main studying contents of this paper are presented.
2. According to the earthquake information, the seismic damage characteristics and failure patterns of the underground pipelines are summarized. The main factors influencing damage of the underground pipelines are analyzed.
3. Seismic response of the underground pipelines caused by the effect of seismic wave propagation is analyzed. Some research procedures and theoretical methods of the pipelines that are used widely are introduced, and the application scope, advantages and disadvantages are summarized. Two instances are computed by the methods. The several common methods of the underground pipelines under the seismic waves at home and abroad are compared, the calculated results show the calculation about earthquake stress for underground pipeline based on the incident angle of earthquake wave is simple, effective and rational.
4. Then, the finite element model of the underground pipelines is built by ANSYS finite element analysis program. The response of pipelines on the seismic wave-propagation excitation is calculated and analyzed by the model with the time-history analysis method. The effects of the different sites, diameters and the thickness of the pipelines are studied. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods are summarized by comparing the calculation results.
5. The theoretical methods and empirical methods of the seismic hazard prediction are presented. The suitable conditions, advantages and disadvantages are analyzed.
Finally, above analysis and research are summarized, and the research directions and problems which may appear in this field in future are forecasted.
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