摘要
中朝两国一衣带水，山水相连，自古有着密切的联系。从明末清初开始，许多朝鲜人由于生活所迫，越过图们江、鸭绿江迁入中国东北。鸦片战争后，随着清政府锁疆政策的缓解，更多的朝鲜难民迁入东北居住。1910年韩日合并后，众多的朝鲜人迫于日本帝国主义的殖民统治，背井离乡来到东北。日本侵占东北后，又强行把许多朝鲜人迁入东北居住。
随着迁入人口的增加，在东满、南满和北满地区逐渐形成了朝鲜族聚居区。众多的朝鲜爱国主义者把聚居区作为根据地，试图实现所谓的“民族自治”。
20世纪20年代，朝鲜族民族主义反日团体以争取朝鲜独立为目的，开展反日斗争的同时，在朝鲜族聚居区进行了“民族自治”运动。之后，朝鲜族早期共产主义团体也依靠朝鲜族聚居区进行过“民族自治”运动，但由于历史和阶级的局限性等原因这些“自治”运动都失败。30年代初，反动的朝鲜族亲日团体—民生团也进行过所谓的“韩人自治”活动，但由于其反动性，便很快遭到破产。唯独中国共产党根据民族平等和民族自决这一马克思列宁主义关于解决民族问题的基本原则，在不同的革命时期，适时地制定和提出一系列适合于东北朝鲜族问题的正确的民族政策和斗争纲领，最终创造性地制定和实施具有中国特色的民族区域自治政策，使朝鲜族人民和其他少数民族真正实现民族平等。
本论文课题力图通过对朝鲜族民族主义反日团体、朝鲜族早期共产主义团体的“民族自治”及民生团的“韩人自治”主张同中国共产党的民族区域自治政策进行对比研究，论证民族政策的极端重要性和党的民族政策的无比正确性、科学性。通过对比研究，使人们更加深刻认识到党的民族区域自治政策的巨大威力，更加珍惜并用实际行动去维护和落实党的民族政策。
China and the Korean peninsula are neighboring countries separated by a river. Since the time of the late Ming Dynasty and early Manchu Dynasty, because of the existing oppression, many Koreans crossed the Tumen River and Yalu River, moving to the northeast of China. After the Opium War, with the relaxed boundary policy, more Koreans refugees resided in the northeast of China. In 1910, Korea was the colony of Japan, and a large number of the Koreans who were oppressed by the Japanese empire building came to northern China. After Japan occupied northern
China, they forced many Koreans to live in northern of China.
With the increasing population, it gradually formed three gathering areas: East Manchus (Yanbian now), south Manchus (Tonghua now) and North Manchus (Mudan River now). The Korean Patriots made the gathering areas as their basis in order to realize it a so-called "national autonomy "place.
In the 1920s, with the purpose of striving Korea Independence, Korean Nationalism Anti-Japan Group went against the Japan Empirism, at the same time, they developed the "national autonomy" activity in some Korean gathering areas. The early stage Communism Group also led the similar activity. However, they all failed because of its limitations of both social class and history. In the early 1930s, there was a group-Minsheng Group, which closed to Japan and had the so -called" Koreans Autonomy" activity. It soon went bankrupt for its reactionary activation. The CPC insisted on the basic principle of national equality and national unity, which were advanced by Marxism-Leninism to solve national problems. They suitably made and put forward a series of correct policy and battle programs regarding Koreans Chinese in the northeast of China in different periods of the revolution. Finally, they have made the national regional autonomy policy in a creative way and then carried it out, which makes Koreans Chinese and other nations realize the real national equality.
The topic of this thesis is the result of research on the comparison of the national regional autonomy policy of CPC in China with the national autonomy of Korea National Anti-Japan Group, early stage Communism Group and Minsheng Group. In order to demonstrate the extreme importance of
national policy and incomparable correctness, and scientific nature, through the comparisons, it makes people get a more profound recognition, that is the CPC's great power of national regional autonomy. And what is more, people should not only treasure, but also safeguard this and put it into effect by practice.
If there is something that needs deliberation, I will be very grateful if the specialists and scholars will put forward their precious suggestions and criticism.
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