摘要
上海地铁某中间风井下部两条隧道之间的联络通道施工时发生了涌水涌沙事故，导致约270米长隧道发生损坏，地面发生了较大沉陷，最大沉陷量达7米左右，事故区内地面一些建筑物出现了不同程度的倾斜与破坏。
本文以上海地铁某中间风井冻结工程事故为依托，对该冻结工程事故的诱因、起因、发生、灾变过程、致灾机理、事故教训、事故抢险与预防、风险管理控制等展开研究，对于我国今后地铁建设中的风险规避和防范具有重要的参考价值。本文在研究时，首先对上海地铁某中间风井的工程地质条件、水文地质条件、冻土力学特性、土层分布、工程勘察、工程设计、现场施工、监理监测等方面资料进行全面收集分析，主要有事故所处地层的物理力学性能分析、冻土力学特性分析、原冻结设计方案与新设计方案的比较等方面的资料。然后在获得工程地质条件及力学特性资料的基础上，建立相应的数值模型、数学模型，对原设计方案下的隧道稳定性分析、新调整方案下的冻结失稳机理分析、突水后的渗流特征及渗流场理论分析、隧道支护结构失稳力学分析、隧道周围土层变形移动规律、以及地表邻近建筑物地基基础结构的响应性分析等，通过数值计算再现破坏过程，揭示失稳机理。同时运用数值计算对冻结帷幕下的联络通道开挖过程进行流～固耦合理论究，探讨联络通道突水形成机制，研究相应的数值计算方法，并对不同温度条件下和存在冻结薄弱部位的隧道突水过程进行计算机模拟分析。以此对上海地铁某中间风井冻结事故机理进行全面深入研究，并对提出的修复对策及技术进行分析，提出事故原因和教训，为今后同类型冻结工程施工提供给有价值的借鉴。
The connecting passage's construction between the two tunnels of undergroundamong the intermediate air shaft's lower part are in great danger, leading to the loss ofa large number of soil around the tunnel, long about270meters' tunnel got collapseddamage, and large ground subsidence, the largest settlement amounted to7meters, thearea of the accident ground's buildings of different degree of tilt and destruction.
In this paper,taking an intermediate air shaft of the Shanghai Metro freezeaccident as the basis, Through study on the incentive, the cause of, the occurrence ofthe disaster process, formation mechanism, lessons from the accident, accident rescueand prevention, risk management control study and so on,which to freeze constructionaccident in the subway construction process, has important reference value for China'sfuture subway construction in risk aversion and prevention. At the time of the study,through a comprehensive collection and analysis of the Shanghai Metrointermediate air shaft's engineering geological conditions, hydrogeological conditions,the mechanical properties of frozen soil, soil distribution, engineering investigations,engineering design, site construction, supervision and monitoring, Mainly including the data of physical and mechanical properties of the formation of accident analysis,frozen soil mechanics characteristic analysis, the freeze design scheme that comparedwith the new design scheme. Then, on the basis of engineering geological conditionsand mechanical properties' data, the establishment of the corresponding numericalmodel, mathematical model, analysis of the stability of tunnel under the originaldesign, the new adjustment programs under the freeze Instability mechanism, nalysisof seepage characteristics and seepage theory after water inrush, mechanics analysisof tunnel support structure's instability, the tunnel surrounding soil's deformationmovement rules, and the surface response analysis of adjacent building foundation,etc., by numerical calculation to reproduce the failure process and reveal themechanism of instability. At the same time, using numerical calculation to study onflow-solid coupling theory in the connecting passage excavation's process under thefreeze curtain. Explore the contact channel's water inrush formation mechanism, andstudy the corresponding numerical methods, making computer simulation analysisof the tunnel's water inrush procedure under different temperature conditions and theweak and freezen parts. A comprehensive and in-depth study in order to freeze theShanghai Metro Line4middle range air shaft mechanism of the accident, so conducta comprehensive and in-depth study on the Shanghai metro line4middle range airshaft's freezing accident mechanism, and put forward some countermeasures for therepair and technical analysis, put forward the cause of the accident and learn lessons,and provide a valuable reference for the same type of freeze construction in the future.
引文
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