摘要
目前在我国，对中小物流企业地位和作用的看法并不一致，不过人们普遍认为它们只能在物流产业中扮演“拾遗补缺”的配角，只能在大型物流企业难以满足的狭小市场空间中得以生存发展。本文经研究提出了不同的观点，认为它们完全有可能成为物流业的主力军，它们可以通过系统的经营战略规划，恢复生机和活力，并发挥巨大潜力。作者指出分散经营的中小物流企业可以通过资源战略、依附战略、夹缝生存战略和局部市场战略获取发展机会；而有条件在物流园区聚集起来的中小物流企业更是可以通过战略联盟获得集成经济效应，兼具“小和大”的优势，甚至可能实现“以小胜大”。可见，研究中小物流企业经营战略对于搞活中小物流企业，提升其产业地位和实现物流产业和谐发展具有重要的现实意义。
论文以成渝地区的中小物流企业为研究对象。首先，论文以第三方物流系统为分析框架，研究了外部环境对它们经营的复杂影响，研究它们和各类利益相关者的复杂关系，归纳出环境影响“有趋势、有分化、有混沌”的总特点。接着，论文以本地五家中小物流企业为例，详细分析了它们各类资源和能力的现状，应用耗散结构理论定性分析了它们核心竞争力的现状，尤其对经营者的病态心智模式进行了具体分析，结论是它们极度缺乏优质资源来提升服务水平。然后，论文又综合外部环境情况和企业内部条件情况，应用SPACE矩阵对企业总体经营形势进行了评价，建立了核心竞争力评价指标体系并对企业核心竞争力进行了模糊综合评价，制定了中小物流企业经营战略的总体规划（大纲）。第五章是论文的主体部分，作者提出了较为系统的经营战略方案：①总体战略方案以经典的竞争战略理论为依据，并结合本地中小物流企业经营的实际情况而制定，它对于中小物流企业具有普遍的指导意义；②虚拟联盟方案则适用于那些有条件形成集群的中小物流企业，论文以交易费用理论和集成效应分析法为理论基础论证了中小物流企业联盟的优势，建立了联盟进化博弈模型并提出了加快联盟进化的若干建议，还对联盟运作平台进行了初步设计；③学习型组织建设是中小物流企业消除发展障碍的治本措施，论文以“五项修炼”模型为依据提出了若干建议。
The views about status and role of SMLEs don't agree with each other in China now, but it is commonly believed that SMLEs are minor role in logistics industry who fill the market blank and have much limited development spaces that large logistics enterprises can't reach effectively. After study,a different view is brought up,which thinks that they may very well become the main force of logistics industry and revive and exert great potentials through systematic strategic planning. separate SMLEs win certain growth chances by adopting resources-based strategy, attachment strategy, market niche strategy or individual market strategy;while, those who have favorable condition to gather together in logistcs parks can obtain integrated economic effects and have "big and small" advantages concurrently,even beat big logistics firms. It is thus clearly that the significance for studying SMLEs' business strategy means improving their competencies,elevating their industrial status and helping all logistics enterprises achieve harmonious development.
SMLEs in Chengdu&Chongqing region are choosed as study object of this dissertation.First, in the theory frame of TPL(third party logistcs) System,we study the complex impact of external environment on SMLEs' management and the complex interrelationship between SMLEs and stakeholder,sum up the general character of environment impact--"trend,differentiation and chaos". Then, we sample five native SMLEs and analyse the actuality of their resources and capabilities,apply dissipative structure theory to evaluate their core competence systems qualitatively,particularly identify their managers' abnomal mental model concretely, conclude that they lack resources with high quality to upgrade their services. Next, we adopt SPACE Matrix to evaluate their total business position,establish the evaluation index system of SMLEs'core competence and evaluate their core competence with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, provide the programmatic plan for implementing business strategy. Finally, in the fifth chapter which is principal part of this dissertaion, we bring forward systematic strategic solutions, including total strategy ,SMLEs alliance and learning organization construction.
引文
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